Editing Canadian English (section)

==== Ontario ====
Southern Ontario was initially settled by white Protestants, with the late 19th century witnessing the migration of white Protestant settlers from Ontario to western Canada following the suppression of the Métis opposition. This migration facilitated the transplantation of the Ontario accent and the emergence of a homogeneous Canadian English dialect.<ref name="hdl.handle.net">{{cite book | url=http://hdl.handle.net/1974/27537 | hdl=1974/27537 | title=Canadian English: A Linguistic Reader | year=2010 | access-date=11 April 2023 | archive-date=11 April 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411040907/https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/27537 | url-status=live | last1=Gold | first1=Elaine | last2=McAlpine | first2=Janice }}</ref> Distinctive to Ontario are Canadianisms such as concession roads, which refer to roads that transect a township, dew-worm, which refers to an earthworm, and fire-reel, which refers to a fire truck.<ref name="hdl.handle.net"/> Walter S. Avis identified several linguistic features characteristic of Ontarians, including their preference for the word vacation, rather than holiday—which is considered more British English—and sack over paper bag. While there may be numerous such lexical differences in the speech of provincial and national borderers, Avis asserts that these are relatively minor compared to the linguistic features held in common.<ref name="cambridge.org">{{Cite journal |title=Speech Differences along the Ontario-United States Border  |journal=Canadian Journal of Linguistics / Revue canadienne de linguistique |date=October 1954 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=13–18 |doi=10.1017/S0319573200025145 |last1=Avis |first1=Walter S. |s2cid=247198153 }}</ref> Furthermore, Avis suggests that the difference between American English and Ontario English is relatively small near the border due to their close proximity. The historical settlement patterns of southern Ontario, coupled with linguistic research, indicate the existence of distinctively Ontarian lexical items. However, Ontario maintains greater similarities with other Canadian regions than it does with the neighbouring American English and its regional variations.<ref name="cambridge.org"/>

Northern Ontario English has several distinct qualities stemming from its large [[Franco-Ontarian]] population. As a result several [[French language|French]] and English words are used interchangeably. A number of phrases and expressions may also be found in Northern Ontario that are not present in the rest of the province,<ref>{{cite web |last=Stone |first=Laura |date=27 September 2011 |title=Looking for true Canadian English, there? Go north |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2011/09/27/looking_for_true_canadian_english_there_go_north.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013145609/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2011/09/27/looking_for_true_canadian_english_there_go_north.html |archive-date=13 October 2014 |access-date=5 August 2014 |work=Toronto Star}}</ref> such as the use of ''camp'' for a summer home where Southern Ontario speakers would idiomatically use [[cottage]].

In the mid to late 90s, certain words from [[Jamaican Patois]], Arabic and Somali were incorporated into the local variety of English by [[Toronto]] youth, especially in immigrant communities, thus giving rise to [[Toronto slang]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Elango |first1=Vidhya |last2=Denis |first2=Derek |title=Variable BAN-laxing in Multicultural Toronto English |url=https://cla-acl.ca/pdfs/resumes-2021-abstracts/ElangoDenis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729050620/https://cla-acl.ca/pdfs/resumes-2021-abstracts/ElangoDenis.pdf |archive-date=2021-07-29 |website=(CLA) Canadian Linguistic Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-17 |title=The past, present, and future of Canadian English: What our accent tells us about being Canadian |url=https://the-pigeon.ca/2020/07/17/canadian-accent/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505081732/https://the-pigeon.ca/2020/07/17/canadian-accent/ |archive-date=5 May 2022 |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=The Pigeon |language=en-CA}}</ref> These examples included words such as ''mandem'', ''styll'', ''wallahi'', ''wasteman'', and ''yute''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Denis |first1=Derek |date=2016-10-05 |title=A note on mans in Toronto |url=https://twpl.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/twpl/article/view/26973 |url-status=live |journal=Toronto Working Papers in Linguistics |volume=37 |doi=10.33137/twpl.v37i0.26973 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213022451/https://twpl.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/twpl/article/view/26973 |archive-date=13 December 2022 |access-date=11 April 2023 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-08 |title=Opinion: The revolution of Toronto slang |url=https://thevarsity.ca/2020/03/08/opinion-the-revolution-of-toronto-slang/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411040922/https://thevarsity.ca/2020/03/08/opinion-the-revolution-of-toronto-slang/ |archive-date=11 April 2023 |access-date=2022-05-31 |website=The Varsity |language=en-US}}</ref>