Editing Buffalo, New York (section)

==Education==
{{Main|List of colleges and universities in Buffalo, New York|Buffalo Public Schools}}

=== Primary and secondary education ===
[[File:City Honors frontview.JPG|thumb|alt=Multi-story school building|[[City Honors School]]]]
The [[Buffalo Public Schools]] have about thirty-four thousand students enrolled in their [[Primary education|primary]] and [[Secondary education|secondary]] schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.buffaloschools.org/Domain/18 |url-status=live |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=[[Buffalo Public Schools]] |language=en |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414174950/https://www.buffaloschools.org/domain/18}}</ref> The district administers about sixty [[Public school (government funded)|public schools]], including thirty-six [[primary school]]s, five [[Middle school|middle high schools]], fourteen [[Secondary school|high schools]] and three [[alternative school]]s, with a total of about 3,500 teachers.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.buffaloschools.org/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=2388&dataid=15905&FileName=Statistical%20Highlights%20Brochure%204-21-17.pdf |title=Statistical Highlights 2016-17 |last=BPS Student Membership |date=January 26, 2017 |pages=4, 8 |access-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503102529/https://www.buffaloschools.org/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=2388&dataid=15905&FileName=Statistical%20Highlights%20Brochure%204-21-17.pdf |archive-date=May 3, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> Its [[board of education]], authorized by the state, has nine elected members who select the superintendent and oversee the budget, curriculum, personnel, and facilities.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=New York State Education Law, Article 52, City School Districts of Cities With One Hundred Twenty-five Thousand Inhabitants or More |url=https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EDN/A52 |url-status=live |access-date=2021-05-08 |website=New York State Senate |language=en |archive-date=January 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116004322/https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EDN/A52}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Buffalo City School District |title=Section 1000 - Bylaws |url=https://www.buffaloschools.org/cms/lib/NY01913551/Centricity/Domain/7097/SECTION%201000%20BYLAWS.pdf |url-status=live |website=Buffalo City School District |access-date=May 8, 2021 |archive-date=May 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508050406/https://www.buffaloschools.org/cms/lib/NY01913551/Centricity/Domain/7097/SECTION%201000%20BYLAWS.pdf}}</ref> In 2020, the graduation rate was seventy-six percent.<ref>{{cite web |title=Buffalo City School District - Graduation Rate Data |url=https://data.nysed.gov/gradrate.php?year=2020&instid=800000052968 |website=[[New York State Education Department]] Data Site |access-date=7 May 2021 |archive-date=January 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126200935/https://data.nysed.gov/gradrate.php?year=2020&instid=800000052968 |url-status=live}}</ref> The public [[City Honors School]] was ranked the top high school in the city and 178th nationwide by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=City Honors School at Fosdick Masten Park |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/new-york/districts/buffalo-city-school-district/city-honors-school-at-fosdick-masten-park-13548 |url-status=live |access-date=May 8, 2021 |website=U.S. News & World Report, 2021 Best U.S. High Schools |archive-date=April 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429041829/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/new-york/districts/buffalo-city-school-district/city-honors-school-at-fosdick-masten-park-13548}}</ref> There are twenty [[charter school]]s in Buffalo, with some oversight by the district.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Charter Schools |url=https://www.buffaloschools.org/domain/36 |url-status=live |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=Buffalo Public Schools |language=en |archive-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227212602/https://www.buffaloschools.org/domain/36}}</ref> The city has over a dozen private schools, including [[Bishop Timon – St. Jude High School]], [[Canisius High School]], [[Mount Mercy Academy (Buffalo, New York)|Mount Mercy Academy]], and [[Nardin Academy]]—[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Buffalo|all Roman Catholic]], and [[Darul Uloom Al-Madania]] and Universal School of Buffalo (both Islamic schools); [[nonsectarian]] options include [[Buffalo Seminary]] and the [[Nichols School]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=G. Scott |date=September 15, 2016 |title=Here is the 2016-2017 Private Schools Directory |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/buffalo/news/2016/09/15/privatemenu.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=Buffalo Business First |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]] |archive-date=September 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916211414/http://www.bizjournals.com/buffalo/news/2016/09/15/privatemenu.html}}</ref>

=== Colleges and universities ===
[[File:BuffaloStateOverhead.jpg|thumb|left|The quad at [[Buffalo State College]]]]

Founded by [[Millard Fillmore]], the [[University at Buffalo]] (UB) is one of the [[State University of New York]]'s two flagship universities and the state's largest public university. A [[Research I university]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carnegie Classifications {{!}} Standard Listings |url=https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/srp.php?clq=%7B%22basic2005_ids%22:%2215%22%7D&limit=50,50&orderby=sortname&start_page=standard.php |access-date=2021-05-07|website=Carnegie Classifications |archive-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222133323/http://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/srp.php?clq=%7B%22basic2005_ids%22:%2215%22%7D&limit=50,50&orderby=sortname&start_page=standard.php |url-status=live}}</ref> over 32,000 undergraduate, graduate and professional students attend its thirteen schools and colleges.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Academics |url=http://www.buffalo.edu/academics.html |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=[[University at Buffalo]] |language=en |archive-date=April 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430070716/http://www.buffalo.edu/academics.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UB at a Glance |url=http://www.buffalo.edu/home/ub_at_a_glance.html |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=[[University at Buffalo]] |language=en |archive-date=April 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430070633/http://www.buffalo.edu/home/ub_at_a_glance.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Two of UB's three campuses (the South and Downtown Campuses) are in the city, but most university functions take place at the large North Campus in Amherst.<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Campuses |url=http://www.buffalo.edu/content/www/eub/ub_at_a_glance/our-campuses.html |website=[[University at Buffalo]] |access-date=7 May 2021 |language=en |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507063014/http://www.buffalo.edu/content/www/eub/ub_at_a_glance/our-campuses.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, ''[[U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking|U.S. News & World Report]]'' ranked UB the 34th-best public university and 88th in national universities.<ref>{{cite web |title=University at Buffalo--SUNY |url=https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/ub-9554 |website=U.S. News & World Report |access-date=7 May 2021 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507060152/https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/ub-9554 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Buffalo State College]], founded as a [[normal school]], is one of SUNY's thirteen comprehensive colleges.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Richard J. |date=2014-01-01 |title=The Campus School at SUNY Buffalo State, 1871-1991 |url=https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/buffstate-history/5 |journal=A Selection of Works on the History of Buffalo State College |access-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-date=May 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510141745/https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/buffstate-history/5/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The city's four-year private institutions include [[Canisius University]], [[D'Youville University]], [[Trocaire College]], and [[Villa Maria College]]. [[SUNY Erie]], the county's two-year public higher-education institution, and the [[Proprietary colleges|for-profit]] [[Bryant & Stratton College]] have small downtown campuses.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Epstein |first1=Jonathan D. |title=Bryant & Stratton relocates downtown campus |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/local/bryant-stratton-relocates-downtown-campus/article_37cab0de-1dff-11eb-9e44-6b13ee5c18e4.html |url-access = limited |website=[[The Buffalo News]] |access-date=7 May 2021 |language=en |date=November 4, 2020 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507070209/https://buffalonews.com/news/local/bryant-stratton-relocates-downtown-campus/article_37cab0de-1dff-11eb-9e44-6b13ee5c18e4.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Libraries ===
[[File:Reading Park, Central Library, Buffalo, New York - 20190907 - 01.jpg|thumb|alt=A park with chairs fronting a library in a downtown area|Reading Park at Buffalo's Central Library]]
Established in 1835, Buffalo's main library is the Central Library of the [[Buffalo & Erie County Public Library]] system. Rebuilt in 1964, it contains an auditorium, the original manuscript of the ''[[Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]]'' (donated by [[Mark Twain]]), and a collection of about two million books.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Central Library (downtown Buffalo) |url=https://www.buffalolib.org/locations-hours/central-downtown-buffalo |access-date=2021-05-07|website=[[Buffalo and Erie County Public Library]] |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507231503/https://www.buffalolib.org/locations-hours/central-downtown-buffalo |url-status=live}}</ref> Its Grosvenor Room maintains a special-collections listing of nearly five hundred thousand resources for researchers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Special Collections |url=https://www.buffalolib.org/research-resources/special-collections |access-date=2021-05-07|website=[[Buffalo and Erie County Public Library]] |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507231503/https://www.buffalolib.org/research-resources/special-collections |url-status=live}}</ref> A [[pocket park]] funded by [[Southwest Airlines]] opened in 2020, and brought landscaping improvements and seating to Lafayette Square.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dewey |first1=Caitlin |author-link = Caitlin Dewey |title=Central Library's Reading Park creates community space for downtown |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/local/central-librarys-reading-park-creates-community-space-for-downtown/article_b96da060-c329-5fd2-81d8-674f6725385f.html |website=[[The Buffalo News]] |access-date=12 May 2021 |language=en |date=August 3, 2020 |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516083013/https://subscribe.buffalonews.com/e/limit-reached-bn?returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Fbuffalonews.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fcentral-librarys-reading-park-creates-community-space-for-downtown%2Farticle_b96da060-c329-5fd2-81d8-674f6725385f.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live}}</ref> The system's free library cards are valid at the city's eight branch libraries and at member libraries throughout Erie County.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Library Cards |url=https://www.buffalolib.org/library-cards |access-date=2021-06-14|website=[[Buffalo and Erie County Public Library]] |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507231724/https://www.buffalolib.org/library-cards |url-status=live}}</ref>{{clear|left}}