Editing Beard (section)

====The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints====
[[File:Brigham Young by Charles William Carter.jpg|thumb|upright|Many early LDS Church leaders (such as [[Brigham Young]], pictured) wore beards.]]
[[File:Lorenzo Snow 2.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Lorenzo Snow]], Mormon missionary and [[List of presidents of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|fifth president]] of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]

Since the mid-20th century, [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church) has encouraged its male members to be clean-shaven,<ref name="oaks">{{cite journal|last=Oaks|first=Dallin H.|author-link=Dallin H. Oaks|title=Standards of Dress and Grooming|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/1971/12/standards-of-dress-and-grooming?lang=eng|journal=[[New Era (magazine)|New Era]]|date=December 1971|publisher=[[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]}}</ref> particularly those that serve in [[Priesthood (LDS Church)|ecclesiastical leadership positions]].<ref>{{citation |first= Peggy Fletcher |last= Stack |author-link= Peggy Fletcher Stack |date= 5 April 2013 |title= How beards became barred among top Mormon leaders |url= http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/news/56042739-78/beard-beards-byu-church.html.csp |newspaper= [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] }}</ref> The church's encouragement of men's shaving has neither scriptural nor theological basis, but stems from the general waning of facial hair's popularity in Western society during the 20th century and its association with the [[hippie]] and [[drug culture]] aspects of the [[counterculture of the 1960s]],<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |last=Millward |first=David |date=18 November 2014 |title=Mormon students fight beard ban |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11239320/Mormon-students-fight-beard-ban.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11239320/Mormon-students-fight-beard-ban.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] |location=London |access-date=23 February 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and has not been a permanent rule.<ref name="oaks" />

After [[Joseph Smith]], many of the early presidents of the LDS Church, such as [[Brigham Young]] and [[Lorenzo Snow]], wore large beards. Since [[David O. McKay]] became [[President of the Church (LDS Church)|church president]] in 1951, most LDS Church leaders have been clean-shaven. The church maintains no formal policy on facial hair for its general membership.<ref>{{cite news |first= Lynn |last= Arave |date= 17 March 2003 |title= Theology about beards can get hairy |url= http://www.deseret.com/2003/3/17/19709622/theology-about-beards-can-get-hairy/ |newspaper= [[Deseret News]] }}</ref> However, formal prohibitions against facial hair are currently enforced for young men providing two-year [[Mormon missionary|missionary]] service.<ref>{{cite journal |title= FYI: For Your Information |journal= [[New Era (magazine)|New Era]] |date= June 1989 |pages= 48–51 |url= https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/1989/06/fyi-for-your-information?lang=eng |access-date= 18 February 2011}}</ref> Students and staff of the church-sponsored higher education institutions, such as [[Brigham Young University]] (BYU), are required to adhere to the [[Church Educational System Honor Code]],<ref name="BYUhouse3">{{cite book |last1= Bergera |first1= Gary James |last2= Priddis |first2= Ronald |year= 1985 |chapter= Chapter 3: Standards & the Honor Code |chapter-url= http://signaturebookslibrary.org/?p=13895 |title= Brigham Young University: A House of Faith |place= Salt Lake City |publisher= [[Signature Books]] |isbn= 0-941214-34-6 |oclc= 12963965 }}</ref> which states in part: "Men are expected to be clean-shaven; beards are not acceptable", although male BYU students are permitted to wear a neatly groomed moustache.<ref name="Telegraph" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Dress and Grooming Standards|url=https://policy.byu.edu/view/dress-and-grooming-standards|publisher=Brigham Young University|website=Policy.BYU.edu|access-date=17 October 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927225321/https://policy.byu.edu/view/dress-and-grooming-standards |archive-date=2021-09-27 }}</ref> A beard exemption is granted for "serious skin conditions",<ref>{{citation |url= http://health.byu.edu/index2.php?page=services/beard.php |contribution= Services: Beard Exception |title= Student Health Center |publisher= BYU |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141125225757/http://health.byu.edu/index2.php?page=services%2Fbeard.php |archive-date= 25 November 2014 |url-status= dead |access-date= 16 December 2018 }}</ref> and for approved theatrical performances, but until 2015 no exemption was given for any other reason, including religious convictions.<ref>{{citation |first= Julie |last= Turkewitznov |date= 17 November 2014 |title= At Brigham Young, Students Push to Lift Ban on Beards |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/18/us/campaigning-to-change-the-cleanshaven-look-at-brigham-young-university.html |newspaper= [[The New York Times]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141118191241/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/18/us/campaigning-to-change-the-cleanshaven-look-at-brigham-young-university.html |archive-date= 18 November 2014 |url-status= live }}</ref> In January 2015, BYU clarified that students who want a beard for religious reasons, like Muslims or Sikhs, may be granted permission after applying for an exemption.<ref>{{citation |first= Abby |last= Phillip |date= 14 January 2015 |title= Brigham Young University adjusts anti-beard policies amid student protests |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2015/01/14/brigham-young-university-adjusts-anti-beard-policies-amid-student-protests/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] }}</ref><ref>{{citation |first= Annie |last= Knox |date= 15 January 2015 |title= BYU clarifies beard policy; spells out exceptions |url= http://www.sltrib.com/2057823-155/ |newspaper= [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] }}</ref><ref>{{citation |first= Amy |last= McDonald |date= 17 January 2015 |title= Muslims celebrate BYU beard policy exemption |url= http://www.heraldextra.com/news/local/education/college/byu/muslims-celebrate-byu-beard-policy-exemption/article_ed90845c-677a-5ade-9e24-9350ba33e68f.html |newspaper= [[Provo Daily Herald]] |access-date= 22 December 2017 |archive-date= 14 October 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151014203438/http://www.heraldextra.com/news/local/education/college/byu/muslims-celebrate-byu-beard-policy-exemption/article_ed90845c-677a-5ade-9e24-9350ba33e68f.html |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{citation |url= http://www.standard.net/Faith/2015/01/19/BYU-makes-clear-there-are-3-exceptions-to-beard-ban.html |title= BYU beard ban doesn't apply to Muslim students |newspaper= [[Standard-Examiner]] |agency= ([[Associated Press|AP]]) |date= 19 January 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150121001249/http://www.standard.net/Faith/2015/01/19/BYU-makes-clear-there-are-3-exceptions-to-beard-ban.html |archive-date= 21 January 2015 |url-status= dead |access-date= 21 January 2015 }} Reprinted by ''[https://www.deseret.com/2015/1/21/20476253/byu-makes-clear-there-are-3-exceptions-to-beard-ban/ Deseret News]'', [http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=33159783 KSL], and [http://www.kutv.com/news/features/local-news/stories/BYU-makes-clear-there-are-3-exceptions-to-beard-ban-69912.shtml KUTV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121023802/http://www.kutv.com/news/features/local-news/stories/BYU-makes-clear-there-are-3-exceptions-to-beard-ban-69912.shtml |date=2015-01-21 }}.</ref>

BYU students led a campaign to loosen the beard restrictions in 2014,<ref name="Telegraph" /><ref>{{citation |first= Whitney |last= Evans |date= 27 September 2014 |title= Students rally for beard 'revolution' in Provo |url= http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865611874/Students-rally-for-beard-revolution-in-Provo.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140928143332/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865611874/Students-rally-for-beard-revolution-in-Provo.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= September 28, 2014 |newspaper= [[Deseret News]] }}</ref><ref>{{citation |first= Annie |last= Knox |date= 26 September 2014 |title= BYU student asks school to chop beard ban |url= http://www.sltrib.com/58458452-219/university-beards-beard-campus.html |newspaper= [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] |access-date= 22 December 2017 |archive-date= 25 November 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141125224803/http://www.sltrib.com/58458452-219/university-beards-beard-campus.html |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{citation |first= Whitney |last= Evans |date= 27 September 2014 |title= Students protest BYU beard restriction |url= http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=31728643 |publisher= [[KSL-TV|KSL 5 News]] }}</ref><ref>{{citation |first= Annie |last= Cutler |date= 26 September 2014 |title= 'Bike for Beards' event part of BYU students' fight for facial hair freedom |url= http://fox13now.com/2014/09/26/bike-for-beards-event-part-of-byu-students-fight-for-facial-hair-freedom/ |publisher= [[KSTU|Fox 13 News (KSTU)]] }}</ref> but it had the opposite effect at [[Church Educational System]] schools: some who had previously been granted beard exemptions were found no longer to qualify, and for a brief period the [[LDS Business College]] required students with a registered exemption to wear a "beard badge", which was likened to a "[[badge of shame]]". Some students also join in with shaming their fellow beard-wearing students, even those with registered exemptions.<ref>{{citation |first= Annie |last= Knox |date= 24 November 2014 |title= Beard ban at Mormon schools getting stricter, students say |url= http://www.sltrib.com/1867918-155/beard-ban-at-mormon-schools-getting |newspaper= [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] }}</ref>