Editing Atherosclerosis (section)

==Epidemiology==
Cardiovascular disease, which is predominantly the clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death|title=The top 10 causes of death|website=www.who.int|language=en|access-date=2020-01-26}}</ref>

Almost all children older than age 10 in [[Developed country|developed countries]] have [[Aorta|aortic]] fatty streaks, with [[Coronary circulation|coronary]] fatty streaks beginning in [[adolescence]].<ref name="Robbins">Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson; & Mitchell, Richard N. (2007). ''Robbins Basic Pathology'' (8th ed.). Saunders Elsevier. pp. 348-351 {{ISBN|978-1-4160-2973-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Strong JP, McGill HC | title = The pediatric aspects of atherosclerosis | journal = Journal of Atherosclerosis Research | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 251–265 | date = 1969-05-06 | pmid = 5346899 | doi = 10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80020-7 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zieske AW, Malcom GT, Strong JP | title = Natural history and risk factors of atherosclerosis in children and youth: the PDAY study | journal = Pediatric Pathology & Molecular Medicine | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 213–237 | date = January 2002 | pmid = 11942537 | doi = 10.1080/pdp.21.2.213.237 }}</ref>

In 1953, a study was published that examined the results of 300 autopsies performed on U.S. soldiers who had died in the [[Korean War]]. Despite the average age of the soldiers being just 22 years old, 77% of them had visible signs of coronary atherosclerosis. This study showed that heart disease could affect people at a younger age and was not just a problem for older individuals.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Enos WF, Holmes RH, Beyer J | title = Coronary disease among United States soldiers killed in action in Korea; preliminary report | journal = Journal of the American Medical Association | volume = 152 | issue = 12 | pages = 1090–1093 | date = July 1953 | pmid = 13052433 | doi = 10.1001/jama.1953.03690120006002 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stopping Heart Disease in Childhood |url=https://nutritionfacts.org/2014/07/15/stopping-heart-disease-in-childhood/ |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=NutritionFacts.org |date=15 July 2014 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Wilson DP |title=Endotext |date=2000 |publisher=MDText.com, Inc. |chapter-url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK395576/ |chapter=Is Atherosclerosis a Pediatric Disease? |pmid=27809437 }}</ref>

In 1992, a report showed that microscopic fatty streaks were seen in the [[left anterior descending artery]] in over 50% of children aged 10–14 and 8% had even more advanced lesions with more accumulations of extracellular lipid.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Strong JP, Malcom GT, Newman WP, Oalmann MC | title = Early lesions of atherosclerosis in childhood and youth: natural history and risk factors | journal = Journal of the American College of Nutrition | volume = 11 | issue = sup1 | pages = 51S–54S | date = June 1992 | pmid = 1619200 | doi = 10.1080/07315724.1992.10737984 }}</ref>

A 2005 report of a study done between 1985 and 1995 found that around 87% of aortas and 30% of coronary arteries in the age group 5–14 years had fatty streaks which increased with age.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mendis S, Nordet P, Fernandez-Britto JE, Sternby N |title=Atherosclerosis in children and young adults: An overview of the World Health Organization and International Society and Federation of Cardiology study on Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth study (1985–1995) |journal=Global Heart |date=March 2005 |volume=1 |issue=1 |page=3 |doi=10.1016/j.precon.2005.02.010 |doi-access=free }}</ref>