Editing Aspirin (section)

===Psychiatry===
====Bipolar disorder====
Aspirin, along with several other agents with anti-inflammatory properties, has been repurposed as an add-on treatment for depressive episodes in subjects with [[bipolar disorder]] in light of the possible role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of severe mental disorders.<ref name="repurposed2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bartoli F, Cavaleri D, Bachi B, Moretti F, Riboldi I, Crocamo C, Carrà G | title = Repurposed drugs as adjunctive treatments for mania and bipolar depression: A meta-review and critical appraisal of meta-analyses of randomized placebo-controlled trials | journal = Journal of Psychiatric Research | volume = 143 | pages = 230–238 | date = November 2021 | pmid = 34509090 | doi = 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.018 | s2cid = 237485915 }}</ref> A 2022 systematic review concluded that aspirin exposure reduced the risk of depression in a pooled cohort of three studies (HR 0.624, 95% CI: 0.0503, 1.198, P=0.033). However, further high-quality, longer-duration, double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to determine whether aspirin is an effective add-on treatment for bipolar depression.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dominiak M, Gędek A, Sikorska M, Mierzejewski P, Wojnar M, Antosik-Wójcińska AZ | title = Acetylsalicylic Acid and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review | journal = Pharmaceuticals | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 67 | date = December 2022 | pmid = 36678565 | pmc = 9861965 | doi = 10.3390/ph16010067 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Savitz JB, Teague TK, Misaki M, Macaluso M, Wurfel BE, Meyer M, Drevets D, Yates W, Gleason O, Drevets WC, Preskorn SH | title = Treatment of bipolar depression with minocycline and/or aspirin: an adaptive, 2×2 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase IIA clinical trial | journal = Translational Psychiatry | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 27 | date = January 2018 | pmid = 29362444 | pmc = 5802452 | doi = 10.1038/s41398-017-0073-7 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bauer IE, Green C, Colpo GD, Teixeira AL, Selvaraj S, Durkin K, Zunta-Soares GB, Soares JC | title = A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Aspirin and N-Acetylcysteine as Adjunctive Treatments for Bipolar Depression | journal = The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry | volume = 80 | issue = 1 | date = December 2018 | pmid = 30549489 | doi = 10.4088/JCP.18m12200 | s2cid = 56483705 }}</ref> Thus, notwithstanding the biological rationale, the clinical perspectives of aspirin and anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of bipolar depression remain uncertain.<ref name="repurposed2021"/>

====Dementia====
Although cohort and longitudinal studies have shown low-dose aspirin has a greater likelihood of reducing the incidence of dementia, numerous randomized controlled trials have not validated this.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Li H, Li W, Zhang X, Ma XC, Zhang RW | title = Aspirin Use on Incident Dementia and Mild Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | journal = Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience | volume = 12 | pages = 578071 | date = 4 February 2021 | pmid = 33613260 | pmc = 7890199 | doi = 10.3389/fnagi.2020.578071 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Veronese N, Stubbs B, Maggi S, Thompson T, Schofield P, Muller C, Tseng PT, Lin PY, Carvalho AF, Solmi M | title = Low-Dose Aspirin Use and Cognitive Function in Older Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | journal = Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | volume = 65 | issue = 8 | pages = 1763–1768 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28425093 | pmc = 6810633 | doi = 10.1111/jgs.14883 }}</ref>

==== Schizophrenia ====
Some researchers have speculated the anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin may be beneficial for schizophrenia. Small trials have been conducted but evidence remains lacking.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schmidt L, Phelps E, Friedel J, Shokraneh F | title = Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for schizophrenia | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 8 | pages = CD012116 | date = August 2019 | pmid = 31425623 | pmc = 6699651 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD012116.pub2 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fond G, Lançon C, Korchia T, Auquier P, Boyer L | title = The Role of Inflammation in the Treatment of Schizophrenia | journal = Frontiers in Psychiatry | volume = 11 | pages = 160 | date = 2020 | pmid = 32256401 | doi = 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00160 | pmc = 7093323 | doi-access = free }}</ref>