Editing Alhambra (section)

=== Palace of Charles V ===
{{Main|Palace of Charles V}}
[[File:Palacio de Carlos V - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Exterior of the [[Palace of Charles V]]]]
[[File:Patio Paleis Karel V.jpg|thumb|Courtyard of the Palace of Charles V]]
The palace commissioned by Charles V in the middle of the Alhambra was designed by [[Pedro Machuca]], an architect who had trained under [[Michelangelo]] in [[Rome]] and who was steeped in the culture of the Italian [[High Renaissance]] and of the artistic circles of [[Raphael]] and [[Giulio Romano (painter)|Giulio Romano]].{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=65–70}}<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Checa |first=Fernando |title=Art and Architecture of Spain |publisher=Bulfinch Press |year=1998 |isbn=0821224565 |editor-last=Barral i Altet |editor-first=Xavier |pages=260 |chapter=The Art of the Renaissance}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Jonathan |date=1986 |title=Review of The Palace of Charles V in Granada |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1864465 |journal=The American Historical Review |volume=91 |issue=5 |pages=1219–1220 |doi=10.2307/1864465 |jstor=1864465 |issn=0002-8762 |access-date=9 February 2022 |archive-date=9 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209231515/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1864465 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was conceived in a contemporary [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance style]] or "Roman" style{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=65–70}} with an innovative design reflecting the architectural ideals of this period.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /> The construction of a monumental Italian-influenced palace in the heart of the Nasrid-built Alhambra symbolized Charles V's imperial status and the triumph of Christianity over Islam achieved by his grandparents (the Catholic Monarchs).{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=65–70}} It consists of a massive square structure of stone which encloses a perfectly circular courtyard. The exterior facades are divided into two horizontal zones of decoration, with [[Rustication (architecture)|rustication]] below and [[pilaster]]s alternating with other embellishments above.{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=70–72}}<ref name=":2" /> The two main entrance portals, on the western and southern sides, have designs resembling [[triumphal arch]]es with engaged columns. The pedestals of these columns are carved with reliefs depicting allegorical scenes such as the [[Victoria (mythology)|Victories]] destroying armaments, representing the emperor's imposition of a universal peace. The upper façade of the southern entrance portal features a [[Venetian window|Serlian window]]. Among the other details of the palace façades are a series of bronze rings or [[Door knocker|knockers]] which are strictly ornamental, with more Hispanic symbolic imagery such as lion and eagle heads.{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=70–72}} Pedro Machuca had intended to create plazas with [[colonnade]]s on the east and west sides of the building to serve as a grand new approach to the Alhambra palaces, but these were never executed.{{Sfn|López|2011|p=70}}<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Palace of Charles V |url=https://www.alhambra-patronato.es/en/edificios-lugares/palace-of-charles-v |access-date=2022-02-09 |website=Patronato de la Alhambra y Generalife |archive-date=9 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209231518/https://www.alhambra-patronato.es/en/edificios-lugares/palace-of-charles-v |url-status=live }}</ref>

Construction of the palace began in 1527. After Machuca's death in 1550, it was continued by his son Luis, who finished the facades and built the internal courtyard. Work was halted for 15 years when the [[Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1568–1571)|1568 Morisco Rebellion]] began. Work was still unfinished when Philip IV visited in 1628 and the project was finally abandoned in 1637, leaving the structure without a roof.{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=69–70}} It was finally completed after 1923, when Leopoldo Torres Balbás began its restoration.<ref name=":6" /> Today, the building houses the Alhambra Museum, which holds objects and artefacts relating to the Alhambra's history, as well as the Fine Arts Museum of Granada, which houses a collection of paintings from Granada dating from the 16th to 20th centuries.{{Sfn|López|2011|pp=75–79}}