Editing 82nd Airborne Division (section)

===Urban riots in 1967–68===
==== 1967 Detroit riot ====
{{Main|1967 Detroit riot}}
On 24 July 1967, shortly before midnight, President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] ordered the U.S. military to occupy [[Detroit]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=28364 |title=Lyndon B. Johnson: Remarks to the Nation After Authorizing the Use of Federal Troops in Detroit |publisher=The American Presidency project |date=24 July 1967 |access-date=16 April 2018 |archive-date=13 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913111836/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=28364 }}</ref> At 1:10&nbsp;a.m., 4,700 paratroopers of the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions, under the command of Lieutenant General [[John L. Throckmorton]], arrived in Detroit<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.detroits-great-rebellion.com/Timeline.html|title=Timeline|website=Detroits-great-rebellion.com|access-date=17 February 2022}}</ref> and began working in the streets, coordinating refuse removal, tracing persons who had disappeared in the confusion, and carrying out routine military functions, such as the establishment of mobile patrols, guard posts, and roadblocks.<ref name="The Role of Federal Military Forces" />

Rioting peaked in high intensity. The 82nd worked alongside the 101st to secure east of [[M-1 (Michigan highway)|Woodward]], while the National Guard took land west of Woodward. "Incidents" began to decline as paratroopers constantly patrolled the perimeter with [[M16 rifle]]s, [[M60 machine gun]]s, and [[M48 Patton|M48 tanks]], while the police began making arrests on those violating [[curfew]] regulations or who were caught looting. On 27 July, with a sense of normalcy returned to the city, in part due to the presence of Army and National Guard troops, and the riot was officially declared over. The Army began to scale down in order to return to their normal duties, relinquishing control to local authorities.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920132904/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2015 |title=The Role of Federal Military Forces |pages=194–196 |author=Paul J. Scheips |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=2005}}</ref>

Although Army paratroopers exercised some restraint on [[firepower]] due to being racially integrated, as well as their combat experience in Vietnam (as opposed to the mainly white and inexperienced National Guard troops), the 82nd was directly responsible for at least one death. On 29 July, two days after the riot officially ended, 82nd Captain Randolph Smith fatally shot Ernest Roquemore, a 19-year-old black man carrying a transistor radio.<ref>[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39011765 A time of tragedy; a special report. Detroit's riot from 3:30 a.m. 23 July 1967, when it began, until the moment it stopped.] p. 13/16</ref> Three other individuals were injured by shotgun fire from police in the same incident. The Army and Detroit Police were on a joint patrol in order to recover looted items within the vicinity.<ref>3 September 1967: [https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98689128/ Detroit Free Press from Detroit, Michigan • Page 21]</ref>

On 30 July, the 82nd and the 101st completely left Detroit and moved back to [[Selfridge Air National Guard Base|Selfridge]] for redeployment to their home stations, a process that continued gradually until August 2.<ref name="The Role of Federal Military Forces">{{cite web |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920132904/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2015 |title=The Role of Federal Military Forces |page=196 |author=Paul J. Scheips |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=2005}}</ref>

====1968 riots in Washington, D.C., and Baltimore====
[[File:DC riots Soldier.png|thumb|right|190px|An 82nd paratrooper on guard duty near the passing motorists and the destroyed building on 8 April 1968, during the rioting in [[Washington, D.C.]]]]
The 82nd was called in to tackle [[1968 Washington, D.C., riots|civil disturbances in Washington, D.C.]], and [[Baltimore riot of 1968|Baltimore]] in the wake of the [[King assassination riots|nationwide riots]] following the [[assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.]] on 4 April 1968. In [[Washington, D.C.]], the first of 21 aircraft carrying the [[1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division|1st Brigade Combat Team]] of the 82nd landed at [[Andrews Air Force Base]] on 6 April, with the 82nd's 2nd Brigade Combat Team joining up later.<ref name="WEAR">{{cite web |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920132904/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2015 |title=The Role of Federal Military Forces |page=288 |author=Paul J. Scheips |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=2005}}</ref> In total, more than 2,000 82nd paratroopers were among the 11,850 federal troops to assist the [[Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia]] and the [[District of Columbia Army National Guard|D.C. Army National Guard]] in Washington. By then, the rioting had largely ended, but isolated looting and arson continued for a few more days. On 8 April, when D.C. was considered pacified, the 1st Brigade was later moved to [[Baltimore]] in assisting the [[Maryland Military Department|Maryland National Guard]] and the [[Baltimore Police Department]] because of the ongoing city's disorder there, leaving the 2nd Brigade the only 82nd unit in Washington.<ref name="WEAR" />

The 82nd brigades in D.C. and Baltimore worked with other federal, state, and local forces in maintaining order, detaining looters, clearing any signs of trouble, assisting crews clearing debris from the main traffic arteries, and helping sanitation, food store, and public utility employees to restore essential services within devastated areas.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920132904/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2015 |title=The Role of Federal Military Forces |pages=288–89 and 327–32 |author=Paul J. Scheips |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=2005}}</ref> On 12 April, orders were issued for federal troops and National Guardsmen stationed in both cities to return to their home stations. The 1st Brigade was among the federal forces that left Baltimore by midnight the same day and three days later, the 2nd Brigade went into an assembly area at [[Bolling Air Force Base]], where they eventually departed back to Fort Bragg sometime later.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920132904/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-20/CMH_Pub_30-20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2015 |title=The Role of Federal Military Forces |pages=296–97 and 322 |author=Paul J. Scheips |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=2005}}</ref>