Editing Zinc (section)

===Other industrial uses===
[[File:Zinc oxide.jpg|thumb|Zinc oxide is used as a white [[pigment]] in [[paint]]s.|alt=White powder on a glass plate]]
Roughly one quarter of all zinc output in the United States in 2009 was consumed in zinc compounds;<ref name="USGS-yb2006" /> a variety of which are used industrially. Zinc oxide is widely used as a white pigment in paints and as a [[catalyst]] in the manufacture of rubber to disperse heat. Zinc oxide is used to protect rubber polymers and plastics from [[ultraviolet radiation]] (UV).<ref name="Emsley2001p503" /> The [[semiconductor]] properties of zinc oxide make it useful in [[varistor]]s and photocopying products.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Zhang|first=Xiaoge Gregory|title=Corrosion and Electrochemistry of Zinc|publisher=Springer|date=1996|page=93|isbn=978-0-306-45334-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qmf4VsriAtMC}}</ref> The [[zinc zinc-oxide cycle]] is a two step [[Thermochemistry|thermochemical]] process based on zinc and zinc oxide for [[hydrogen production]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/review06/pd_10_weimer.pdf|title=Development of Solar-powered Thermochemical Production of Hydrogen from Water|last=Weimer|first=Al|date=May 17, 2006|access-date=January 10, 2009|publisher=[[U.S. Department of Energy]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205122514/http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/review06/pd_10_weimer.pdf|archive-date=February 5, 2009}}</ref>

[[Zinc chloride]] is often added to lumber as a [[fire retardant]]<ref name="Heiserman1992p124">{{harvnb|Heiserman|1992|p=124}}</ref> and sometimes as a wood [[preservative]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Wood preservatives |last=Blew|first=Joseph Oscar|date=1953|publisher=Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory|url=http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/816/FPL_D149ocr.pdf |hdl=1957/816|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114143025/http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/816/FPL_D149ocr.pdf|archive-date=January 14, 2012}}</ref> It is used in the manufacture of other chemicals.<ref name="Heiserman1992p124" /> [[Zinc methyl]] ({{chem|Zn(CH<sub>3</sub>)|2}}) is used in a number of organic [[organic synthesis|syntheses]].<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Edward|last=Frankland|author-link=Edward Frankland|journal=[[Liebigs Annalen|Liebig's Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie]]|title=Notiz über eine neue Reihe organischer Körper, welche Metalle, Phosphor u. s. w. enthalten|date=1849|volume=71|issue=2|pages=213–216|doi=10.1002/jlac.18490710206|language=de|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1427026}}</ref> [[Zinc sulfide]] (ZnS) is used in [[luminescence|luminescent]] pigments such as on the hands of clocks, [[X-ray]] and television screens, and [[luminous paint]]s.<ref name="CRCp4-42">{{harvnb|CRC|2006|p='''4'''{{hyphen}}42<!-- sic "hyphen -" ; not a range!-->}}</ref> Crystals of ZnS are used in [[laser]]s that operate in the mid-[[infrared]] part of the spectrum.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Paschotta|first=Rüdiger|title=Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology|publisher=Wiley-VCH|date=2008|page=798|isbn=978-3-527-40828-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2p9WvgAACAAJ}}</ref> [[Zinc sulfate]] is a chemical in [[dye]]s and pigments.<ref name= "Heiserman1992p124" /> [[Zinc pyrithione]] is used in [[antifouling]] paints.<ref>{{Cite journal|journal=Environment International|volume=30|date=2004|issue=2|pages=235–248|doi=10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00176-4 |pmid=14749112|title=Worldwide occurrence and effects of antifouling paint booster biocides in the aquatic environment: a review|first=I. K.|last=Konstantinou|author2=Albanis, T. A. |bibcode=2004EnInt..30..235K }}</ref>

Zinc powder is sometimes used as a [[propellant]] in [[model rocket]]s.<ref name="ZnS" /> When a compressed mixture of 70% zinc and 30% [[sulfur]] powder is ignited there is a violent chemical reaction.<ref name="ZnS" /> This produces zinc sulfide, together with large amounts of hot gas, heat, and light.<ref name="ZnS">{{cite web|url=http://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/demos/zinc_sulfur/zinc_sulfur.htm|title=Zinc + Sulfur|last=Boudreaux|first=Kevin A.|publisher=Angelo State University|access-date=October 8, 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202034703/http://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/demos/zinc_sulfur/zinc_sulfur.htm|archive-date=December 2, 2008}}</ref>

Zinc sheet metal is used as a durable covering for roofs, walls, and countertops, the last often seen in [[bistro]]s and [[oyster bar]]s, and is known for the rustic look imparted by its surface [[oxidation]] in use to a blue-gray [[patina]] and susceptibility to scratching.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rolled.zinc.org/ |title=Rolled and Titanium Zinc Sheet |access-date=October 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hunker.com/13466339/things-you-should-know-about-zinc-countertops |title=Things You Should Know About Zinc Countertops |date=August 4, 2017 |access-date=October 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.masterclass.com/articles/guide-to-zinc-countertops |title=Guide to Zinc Countertops: Benefits of Zinc Kitchen Counters |access-date=October 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Technical Information|date=2008|publisher=Zinc Counters|url=http://www.zinccounters.co.uk/html/tech/tech.htm|access-date=November 29, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121002508/http://www.zinccounters.co.uk/html/tech/tech.htm|archive-date=November 21, 2008}}</ref>

{{chem|64|Zn}}, the most abundant isotope of zinc, is very susceptible to [[neutron activation]], being [[Nuclear transmutation|transmuted]] into the highly radioactive {{chem|65|Zn}}, which has a half-life of 244 days and produces intense [[gamma ray|gamma radiation]]. Because of this, zinc oxide used in nuclear reactors as an anti-corrosion agent is depleted of {{chem|64|Zn}} before use, this is called [[depleted zinc oxide]]. For the same reason, zinc has been proposed as a [[Salted bomb|salting]] material for [[nuclear weapon]]s ([[cobalt]] is another, better-known salting material).<ref name="Win2003" /> A jacket of [[Isotope separation|isotopically enriched]] {{chem|64|Zn}} would be irradiated by the intense high-energy neutron flux from an exploding thermonuclear weapon, forming a large amount of {{chem|65|Zn}} significantly increasing the radioactivity of the weapon's [[Nuclear fallout|fallout]].<ref name="Win2003" /> Such a weapon is not known to have ever been built, tested, or used.<ref name="Win2003">{{Cite journal|title=Weapons of Mass Destruction|first=David Tin|last=Win|author2=Masum, Al|url=http://www.journal.au.edu/au_techno/2003/apr2003/aujt6-4_article07.pdf|date=2003|journal=Assumption University Journal of Technology|volume=6|issue=4|page=199|publisher=Assumption University|access-date=April 6, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326001457/http://www.journal.au.edu/au_techno/2003/apr2003/aujt6-4_article07.pdf|archive-date=March 26, 2009}}</ref>

{{chem|65|Zn}} is used as a [[isotopic tracer|tracer]] to study how alloys that contain zinc wear out, or the path and the role of zinc in organisms.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3427000114.html|isbn=978-0-7876-2846-8|publisher=U. X. L. /Gale|date=1999|title=Chemical Elements: From Carbon to Krypton|author=David E. Newton|access-date=April 6, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080710132328/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3427000114.html|archive-date=July 10, 2008}}</ref>

Zinc dithiocarbamate complexes are used as agricultural [[fungicide]]s; these include [[Zineb]], Metiram, Propineb and Ziram.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cItuoO9zSjkC&pg=PA591|title=Ullmann's Agrochemicals|date=2007|publisher=Wiley-Vch (COR)|isbn=978-3-527-31604-5|pages=591–592}}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Zinc naphthenate is used as wood preservative.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Primary Wood Processing: Principles and Practice| last=Walker|first =J. C. F.|date=2006|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-4392-5|page=317}}</ref> Zinc in the form of [[Zinc dithiophosphate|ZDDP]], is used as an anti-wear additive for metal parts in engine oil.<ref>{{cite news|title=ZDDP Engine Oil&nbsp;– The Zinc Factor|url=http://www.mustangmonthly.com/techarticles/mump_0907_zddp_zinc_additive_engine_oil/index.html|newspaper=Mustang Monthly|access-date=September 19, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912041431/http://www.mustangmonthly.com/techarticles/mump_0907_zddp_zinc_additive_engine_oil/index.html|archive-date=September 12, 2009}}</ref>