Editing Whisky (section)

== National varieties ==

===American===
{{Main|American whiskey}}
[[File:DecaturBourbons.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Various American whiskeys on store shelves]]

American whiskey is distilled from a fermented mash of [[cereal grain]]. It must have the taste, aroma, and other characteristics commonly attributed to whiskey.

Some types of whiskey listed in the United States federal regulations<ref name="cfr5.22">{{Cite web |title=Standards of Identity for Distilled Spirits, Title 27 Code of Federal Regulations, Pt. 5.22 |url=http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/aprqtr/pdf/27cfr5.22.pdf |access-date=17 October 2008}}</ref> are:
* [[Bourbon whiskey]]: made from [[Mashing|mash]] that consists of at least 51% corn ([[maize]]) and aged in new charred American white oak barrels.
* [[Corn whiskey]]: made from mash that consists of at least 80% corn and is not aged, or, if aged, is aged in uncharred or used barrels. 
* [[Malt whisky|Malt whiskey]]: made from mash that consists of at least 51% malted [[barley]]
* [[Rye whiskey]]: made from mash that consists of at least 51% [[rye]]
* [[Rye malt whiskey]]: made from mash that consists of at least 51% malted rye
* [[Wheat whiskey]]: made from mash that consists of at least 51% [[wheat]]

These types of American whiskey must be distilled to no more than 80% [[alcohol by volume]], and barrelled at no more than 125 [[alcoholic proof|proof]]. Only water may be added to the final product; the addition of colouring or flavouring is prohibited. These whiskeys must be aged in new charred-oak containers, except for corn whiskey, which does not have to be aged. If it is aged, it must be in uncharred oak barrels or in used barrels. Corn whiskey is usually unaged and sold as a legal version of [[moonshine]].

There is no minimum aging period required for a spirit to legally be called whiskey. If one of these whiskey types reaches two years aging or beyond, it is additionally designated as ''[[straight whiskey|straight]]'', e.g., ''straight rye whiskey''. A whiskey that fulfils all above requirements but derives from less than 51% of any one specific grain can be called simply a ''straight whiskey'' without naming a grain.

US regulations recognize other whiskey categories,<ref name=cfr5.22/> including:

* [[Blended whiskey]]: a mixture that contains a blend of straight whiskeys and [[neutral grain spirits]] (NGS), and may also contain flavourings and colourings. The percentage of NGS must be disclosed on the label and may be as much at 80% on a proof gallon basis.
* [[Grain whisky|Light whiskey]]: produced in the US at more than 80% [[alcohol by volume]] and stored in used or uncharred new oak containers
* [[Spirit whiskey]]: a mixture of neutral spirits and at least 5% of certain stricter categories of whiskey

Another important labelling in the marketplace is [[Tennessee whiskey]], which includes brands such as [[Jack Daniel's]], [[George Dickel]], [[Collier and McKeel]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Collier and McKeel |url=http://collierandmckeel.com/ |website=collierandmckeel.com |access-date=15 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813203918/http://collierandmckeel.com/ |archive-date=August 13, 2011 |language=en}}</ref> and [[Prichard's Tennessee Whiskey|Benjamin Prichard's]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benjamin Prichard's Tennessee Whiskey |url=http://www.prichardsdistillery.com/whiskey/tennessee-whiskey.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715112723/http://www.prichardsdistillery.com/whiskey/tennessee-whiskey.cfm |archive-date=15 July 2011 |access-date=9 July 2017}}</ref> The main difference defining a Tennessee whiskey is that it must be [[Carbon filtering|filtered]] through [[sugar maple]] [[charcoal]] before aging, known as the [[Lincoln County Process]]. (Benjamin Prichard's, which is not so filtered, was grandfathered in when the requirement was introduced in 2017.)<ref name="WhiskyFightInTennessee">{{Cite web |last=Stambor |first=Zak |date=16 February 2015 |title=A whiskey fight in Tennessee |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/dining/recipes/sc-food-0220-drink-tennessee-whiskey-20150216-story.html |access-date=6 June 2019 |website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> The rest of the distillation process of Tennessee Whiskey is identical to [[bourbon whiskey]].<ref name="CowderyMyths">{{Cite web |last=Cowdery |first=Charles K. |date=16 December 2009 |title=Favorite whiskey myths debunked |url=http://chuckcowdery.blogspot.com/2009/12/favorite-whiskey-myths-debunked.html |access-date=9 July 2017 |website=The Chuck Cowdery Blog}}</ref><ref name="CowderyTennessee">{{Cite web |last=Cowdery |first=Charles K. |date=21 February 2009 |title=Tennessee Whiskey Versus Bourbon Whiskey |url=http://chuckcowdery.blogspot.com/2009/02/tennessee-whiskey-versus-bourbon.html |access-date=9 July 2017 |website=The Chuck Cowdery Blog}}</ref> Whiskey sold as "Tennessee whiskey" is defined as bourbon under [[NAFTA]]<ref name="nafta313">{{Cite web |title=North American Free Trade Agreement Annex 313: Distinctive products |url=http://www.sice.oas.org/trade/nafta/chap-034.asp |access-date=15 April 2013 |publisher=Sice.oas.org}}</ref> and at least one other international trade agreement,<ref name="SICE">{{Cite web|title=SICE- Free Trade Agreement between Chile and the United States of America|url=http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/chiusa_e/Text_e.asp|access-date=2022-12-29|website=www.sice.oas.org}}</ref> and is similarly required to meet the legal definition of bourbon under Canadian law.<ref name="CanadaRequirementTennWhisky">{{Cite web |title=Canada Food and Drug regulations, C.R.C. C.870, provision B.02.022.1 |url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-58.html?texthighlight=tennessee#s-B.02.022.1 |access-date=15 April 2013 |publisher=Laws.justice.gc.ca}}</ref>

===Australian===
{{main|Australian whisky}}
Australian whiskies have won global whisky awards and medals, including the [[World Whiskies Awards]] and Jim Murray's Whisky Bible "Liquid Gold Awards".<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 January 2012 |title=Move over Fosters, Whisky Bible toasts Australian drams |work=Scotsman.com |url=http://www.scotsman.com/scotland-on-sunday/scotland/move_over_fosters_whisky_bible_toasts_australian_drams_1_2043257 |access-date=2 September 2012}}</ref>

===Canadian===
{{Main|Canadian whisky}}
[[File:CanadianWhisky.JPG|right|thumb|Various Canadian whiskies]]
By Canadian law, Canadian whiskies must be produced and aged in Canada, be distilled from a fermented mash of cereal grain, be aged in wood barrels with a capacity limit of {{convert|700|L| impgal|0}} for not less than three years, and "possess the aroma, taste and character generally attributed to Canadian whisky".<ref name="B.02.020">{{Cite web|date=2022-09-27|title=Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Food and Drug Regulations|url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-57.html|access-date=2022-12-29|website=Legislative Services Branch}}</ref> The terms "Canadian Whisky", "Rye Whisky", and "Canadian Rye Whisky" are legally indistinguishable in Canada and do not require any specific grain in their production and are often blends of two or more grains. Canadian whiskies may contain [[caramel]] and flavouring in addition to the distilled mash spirits, and there is no maximum limit on the alcohol level of the distillation.<ref name=B.02.020/> The minimum bottling proof is 40% ABV.<ref name=B.02.020/> To be exported under one of the "Canadian Whisky" designations, a whisky cannot contain more than 9.09% imported spirits.<ref name="Terms">{{Cite web |date=18 June 2009 |title=Terms and Conditions for the Issuance of Certificates of Age and Origin for Distilled Spirits Produced or Packaged in Canada |url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SI-2009-61/page-2.html#sched1 |access-date=1 January 2013 |publisher=Canada – Justice Laws Website}}</ref>

Canadian whiskies are available throughout the world and are a culturally significant export. Well known brands include [[Crown Royal]], [[Canadian Club]], [[Seagram's]], and [[Wiser's]] among others. The historic popularity of Canadian whisky in the United States is partly a result of [[rum runners]] illegally importing it into the country during the period of [[American Prohibition]].

===Danish===
[[Denmark]] began producing whisky early in 1974. The first Danish single malt to go on sale was Lille Gadegård from Bornholm, in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2009 |title=Første danske whisky i 35 år |trans-title=First Danish whiskey for 35 years |url=http://www.dr.dk/Regioner/Bornholm/Nyheder/Bornholm/2009/05/05/05110016.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023192225/http://www.dr.dk/Regioner/Bornholm/Nyheder/Bornholm/2009/05/05/05110016.htm |archive-date=23 October 2012 |access-date=15 April 2013 |website=Dr.dk |language=da}}</ref> Lille Gadegård is a winery as well, and uses its own wine casks to mature whisky.

The second Danish distilled single malt whisky for sale was Edition No.1 from the Braunstein microbrewery and distillery. It was distilled in 2007, using water from the Greenlandic ice sheet, and entered the market in March 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2010 |title=''B.T.'', "Dansk whisky destilleres på indlandsis", (in Danish) |url=http://www.bt.dk/danmark/dansk-whisky-destilleres-paa-indlandsis |access-date=15 April 2013 |publisher=Bt.dk}}</ref>

Another distillery is [[Stauning Whisky]], based in [[Jutland]].

Nyborg Destilleri, from the island Funen ([[Funen|Fyn]]) in the center of Denmark, produces [[Organic food|organic]] whisky and other organic spirits. The distillery was established in 2009, and in 2020 they launched their first 10 year old whisky.

===English===
{{main|English whisky}}
Distillers operated in [[London]], [[Liverpool]], and [[Bristol]] until the late 19th century, after which production of English [[single malt whisky]] ceased until 2003.<ref name="FirstBBC">{{Cite news |date=2003-05-01 |title=Cornish take on Scotch |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/cornwall/2992925.stm |access-date=2022-12-29 |language=en-GB}}</ref> There are currently 55 distilleries producing English whisky<ref>{{Cite web |title=The English Whisky Map |url=https://www.cooperkingdistillery.co.uk/blog/the-english-whisky-map?format=amp |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=www.cooperkingdistillery.co.uk}}</ref> and 20 [[List of whisky brands in England|brands of English whisky]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brands - Whiskybase - Ratings and reviews for whisky |url=https://www.whiskybase.com/whiskies/brands?search=null&chr=null&country_id=3340&region_id=&wbRanking= |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=www.whiskybase.com}}</ref> An English whisky GI is currently awaiting approval.<ref name="Malczewski">{{Cite web |last=Malczewski |first=Kate |date=25 February 2022 |title=Producers seek legal definition for English whisky |url=https://www.thespiritsbusiness.com/2022/02/producers-seek-legal-definition-for-english-whisky/ |website=[[The Spirits Business]]}}</ref>

===Finnish===
{{Main|Finnish whisky}}
In 2005, there were two working distilleries in Finland and a third one under construction. Whisky retail sales in Finland are controlled solely by the state [[alcohol monopoly]] [[Alko]] and advertising of strong alcoholic beverages is banned.<ref>{{Cite web |title='With a Dash of Water' Finnish Whisky Culture and its Future |url=http://batman.jamk.fi/~voyager/opin/index.php?show=3995 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720184840/http://batman.jamk.fi/~voyager/opin/index.php?show=3995 |archive-date=20 July 2011 |access-date=22 July 2009}}</ref>

===French===
{{main|French whisky}}
The distilleries producing French whisky include [[Glann ar Mor distillery|Glann ar Mor]] and Warenghem in Brittany, Guillon in the Champagne region, and Grallet-Dupic in Lorraine. [[Buckwheat whisky]] is produced by Distillerie des Menhirs in [[Plomelin]], [[Brittany]].<ref name="menhirs">{{Cite web |title=Distillerie des Menhirs |url=http://www.distillerie.bzh/en/distillery/the-buckwheat/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917034439/http://www.distillerie.bzh/en/distillery/the-buckwheat/ |archive-date=17 September 2018 |access-date=4 August 2017}}</ref> In 2022, there were around 100 whisky producers in France. 

The first French whisky was produced at Warenghem distillery in 1987, who then introduced the first single malt French whisky in 1998.{{cn|date=December 2021}}

According to a study in 2016, the French are the largest consumers of single malt whisky in the world, especially Scotch.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-21 |title=10 of the biggest scotch whisky-consuming countries around the world |url=https://www.lifestyleasia.com/ind/food-drink/drinks/biggest-scotch-whisky-consuming-countries-france-india-to-russia/ |access-date=2022-10-07 |website=Lifestyle Asia India |language=en-US}}</ref>

===German===
{{Main|German whisky}}
German whisky production is a relatively recent phenomenon having only started in the early 1990s. The styles produced resemble those made in Ireland, Scotland and the United States: single malts, blends, wheat, and bourbon-like styles. There is no standard spelling of German whiskies with distilleries using both "whisky" and "whiskey". In 2008 there were 23 distilleries in Germany producing whisky.<ref name="autogenerated254">{{Cite book |last=MaClean |first=Charles |url=https://archive.org/details/whiskey00macl |title=Whiskey |publisher=Dorling Kindersley |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7566-3349-3 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/whiskey00macl/page/n254 254]–265 |url-access=limited}}</ref>

===Indian===
{{Main|Indian whisky}}
Distilled alcoholic beverages that are labelled as "whisky" in [[India]] were commonly blends based on [[neutral spirits]] that are distilled from fermented [[molasses]]/grain with only a small portion consisting of traditional malt whisky, usually about 10 to 12 percent. Outside India, such a drink would more likely be labelled a [[rum]].<ref name="WSJRum">{{Cite news|last=Felten|first=Eric|title=Where 'Whisky' Can Be Rum|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB115653128082145738|access-date=2022-12-29|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=26 August 2006 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Battle">{{Cite web |last=Peachey |first=Paul |date=3 March 2006 |title=Battle for the world's largest whisky market – India |url=http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=265802&area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__business/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601194459/http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=265802&area=%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__business%2F |archive-date=1 June 2008 |access-date=14 May 2014 |publisher=[[South Africa]] [[Mail & Guardian]]}}</ref> According to the [[Scotch Whisky Association]]'s 2013 annual report, "there is no compulsory definition of whisky in India, and the Indian voluntary standard does not require whisky to be distilled from cereals or to be matured."<ref name="business-standard2">{{Cite news |date=12 May 2014 |title=Scotch whisky makers threaten action against Indian blends |work=[[Business Standard]] |agency=PTI |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/scotch-whisky-makers-threaten-action-against-indian-blends-114051200796_1.html |access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref> Molasses-based blends made up 90 percent of the spirits consumed as "whisky" in India,<ref name="Stretch">{{Cite web|last=beveragedaily.com|title=Obesity lawsuits loom for soft drinks industry|url=https://www.beveragedaily.com/Article/2006/01/25/Obesity-lawsuits-loom-for-soft-drinks-industry|access-date=2022-12-29|website=beveragedaily.com|date=25 January 2006 |language=en-GB}}</ref> although whisky wholly distilled from malt and other grains is also produced.<ref name="Amrut">{{Cite web|title=Amrut Distilleries: The Pioneers Of Indian Single Malt|url=https://www.amrutdistilleries.com/|access-date=2022-12-29|website=www.amrutdistilleries.com}}</ref> By 2004 shortages of wheat had been overcome and India was one of the largest producers. [[Amrut (whisky)|Amrut]], the first single malt whisky produced in India, was launched in Glasgow, Scotland in 2004.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Duttagupta |first=Ishani |date=29 April 2012 |title=How India's first single malt brand Amrut Distilleries cracked luxury market in West |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/cons-products/liquor/how-indias-first-single-malt-brand-amrut-distilleries-cracked-luxury-market-in-west/articleshow/12912782.cms |website=[[The Economic Times]]}}</ref> After expanding in Europe it was launched in India in 2010.

By 2022 India produced many whiskies both for the local market—the most lucrative market for whisky  in the world—and export. Indian single malts comprised 15% of the local market in 2017, increasing to 33% in 2022. In the three years to 2022 sales of Indian malts increased by an annual average of 42%, compared with 7% for imported rivals.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Charu Sudan Kasturi |date=4 June 2022 |title=How India's new taste for local whisky is shaking up the global drinks market |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/jun/04/how-indias-new-taste-for-local-whisky-is-shaking-up-the-global-drinks-market}}</ref>

===Irish===
{{Main|Irish whiskey}}
[[File:IrishWhiskey.jpg|right|thumb|Various Irish whiskeys]]
Irish whiskeys are normally distilled three times, [[Cooley Distillery]] being the exception as they also double distil.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Differences between Scotch and Irish whiskey |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-12549581.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505062751/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-12549581.html |archive-date=5 May 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Though traditionally distilled using pot stills, the [[column still]] is now used to produce grain whiskey for blends. By law, Irish whiskey must be produced in Ireland and aged in wooden casks for a period of no less than three years, although in practice it is usually three or four times that period.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Ireland |title=Irish Whiskey Act, 1980 |url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1980/act/33/enacted/en/print |access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref> [[peat|Unpeated]] malt is almost always used, the main exception being [[Cooley Distillery#Current product range|Connemara]] Peated Malt whiskey. There are several types of whiskey common to Ireland: [[Single malt whisky|single malt]], single grain, [[blended whiskey]] and [[single pot still whiskey]].

Irish whiskey was once the most popular spirit in the world, though a long period of decline from the late 19th century to the late 20th century greatly damaged the industry,<ref name="highspirits">{{Cite news |date=8 November 2013 |title=Distillers in high spirits as the whiskey sector enters golden era |work=www.irishtimes.com |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/business/sectors/agribusiness-and-food/distillers-in-high-spirits-as-the-whiskey-sector-enters-golden-era-1.1587330/ |access-date=8 November 2013}}</ref> so much so that, although Ireland boasted over 30 distilleries in the 1890s, a century later this number had fallen to just three. However, it has seen a great resurgence in popularity since the late twentieth century, and has been the fastest growing spirit in the world every year since 1990.<ref name="highspirits" /> With exports growing by over 15% per annum in recent years, existing distilleries have been expanded and a number of new distilleries constructed. As of mid 2019, Ireland now has 25 operating distilleries, with 24 more either planned or under development.<ref name="IWA1">{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Irish Whiskey |date=11 June 2019 |title=Congratulations to IWA member @DiageoIreland and Head Distiller Lorna Hemy on the commencement of distilling at Roe & Co Distillery. This marks the 25th Irish whiskey distillery to enter operations, with a further 24 in planning or development! #growth #Irishwhiskeypic.twitter.com/fznOkeTUoi |url=https://twitter.com/IrishWhiskeyAsc/status/1138445908562104320 |access-date=13 June 2019 |website=@IrishWhiskeyAsc |language=en}}</ref> However, many of these have not been operating long enough to have products sufficiently aged for sale, and only one was operating prior to 1975.

===Japanese===
{{Main|Japanese whisky}}

Japan produces both single malt and blended whiskies. The base is a mash of malted barley, dried in kilns fired with a little peat (although less than what is used for some peated Scotch whiskies), and is distilled using the pot still method.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=5 Things You Need To Know About Japanese Whisky |url=https://time.com/3556449/japanese-whisky-best-in-world/ |magazine=Time |language=en |access-date=2020-06-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=words: VinePair |title=Japanese Whisky Guide {{!}} Learn About Japanese Whisky |url=https://vinepair.com/spirits-101/intro-japanese-whisky-guide/ |access-date=2020-06-09 |website=VinePair |language=en-US}}</ref> Production began in the 1920s. Before 2000, Japanese whisky was primarily for the domestic market and exports were limited. In recent years, though, Japanese whisky has grown in popularity on the global market. Japanese whiskies such as [[Suntory]] and [[Nikka Whisky Distilling|Nikka]] won many prestigious international awards between 2007 and 2014. Japanese whisky has earned a reputation for quality.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Awards Won by Nikka Whisky |url=http://www.nikka.com/eng/award/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217035526/http://www.nikka.com/eng/award/index.html |archive-date=17 December 2013 |access-date=15 April 2013 |publisher=Nikka.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Coldicott |first=Nicholas |date=23 May 2008 |title=Japanese malt scotches rivals |url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fg20080523lc.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528045734/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fg20080523lc.html |archive-date=28 May 2008 |website=The Japan Times Online}}</ref>

===Mexican===
{{Main|Mexican whisky}}

Mexican whisky is relatively young as it has not been as popular in the country as other distilled drinks but recently many distillers in the country have started to make a push to create homegrown whisky and make it as popular as whisky from other countries.

=== Scotch ===
{{Main|Scotch whisky}}
[[File:Scotch whiskies.jpg|right|thumb|Various Scotch whiskies]]
Whisky made in Scotland is known as Scotch whisky, or simply as "Scotch" (especially in North America).
[[File:Scotch regions.svg|right|thumb|The regions of Scotch whisky]]
Scotch whiskies are generally distilled twice, although some are distilled a third time and others even up to twenty times.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jackson |first=Michael |title=Michael Jackson's Malt Whisky Companion |publisher=Dorling Kindersley |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-7513-0146-5 |page=12}}</ref> Scotch Whisky Regulations require anything bearing the label "Scotch" to be distilled and bottled in Scotland and matured for a minimum of three years in oak casks, among other, more specific criteria.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASIL Insight: WTO Protections for Food Geographic Indications |url=http://www.asil.org/insights/insigh43.htm |access-date=25 August 2007}}</ref> Any age statement on the bottle, in the form of a number, must reflect the age of the youngest Scotch whisky used to produce that product. A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed age whisky.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What does a whisky's age really mean? |url=http://www.whatdoesjohnknow.com/2010/06/28/what-does-a-whiskys-age-really-mean/ |access-date=14 July 2010 |archive-date=3 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703110252/http://www.whatdoesjohnknow.com/2010/06/28/what-does-a-whiskys-age-really-mean/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Scotch whisky without an age statement may, by law, be as young as three years old.<ref>{{Cite web |title=So, Does Age Matter? |url=http://www.maltmaniacs.org/whisky-articles/Malt-Maniacs-2010-04-Does-the-age-of-Scotch-whisky-matter.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414061307/http://www.maltmaniacs.org/whisky-articles/Malt-Maniacs-2010-04-Does-the-age-of-Scotch-whisky-matter.pdf |archive-date=14 April 2011 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref>

The basic types of Scotch are [[malt whisky]], [[grain whisky]] (or a [[Blended whiskey|blend]] of the two) made in [[Scotland]]. Scotch malt whiskies were divided into five main regions: [[Highland single malts|Highland]], [[Lowland single malts|Lowland]], [[Islay single malts|Islay]], [[Speyside single malt|Speyside]] and [[Campbeltown single malts|Campbeltown]].<ref name="SWAMAP">{{Cite web |title=Whisky Regions |url=https://www.scotch-whisky.org.uk/discover/enjoying-scotch/scotch-whisky-regions/ |access-date=28 April 2019 |publisher=Scotch Whisky Association}}</ref> Each of the whisky producing regions has a distinct flavour profile and characteristics to the whisky they produce.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-18 |title=Whisky Regions Scotland |url=https://theplateunknown.com/whisky-regions-scotland/ |access-date=2020-09-29 |website=The Plate Unknown |language=en-US}}</ref>

There is also a sixth region recognized by some sources, though not by the Scotch Whisky Association:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scotch Whisky Regions |url=https://www.scotch-whisky.org.uk/discover/enjoying-scotch/scotch-whisky-regions/}}</ref> the Islands, excluding Islay.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2021 |title=The beginner's guide to scotch whisky |url=https://foodism.co.uk/guides/scotch-whisky-regions-guide/}}</ref> This unofficial region, (part of the Highlands according to the Association), includes the following whisky-producing islands making [[Island single malt]]: [[Arran distillery|Arran]], [[Jura, Scotland|Jura]], [[Isle of Mull|Mull]], [[Orkney]], and [[Skye]].

===Swedish===
Whisky started being produced in Sweden in 1955 by the now defunct ''Skeppets whisky'' brand. Their last bottle was sold in 1971.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Skeppets whisky – English version |url=http://www.swedishwhisky.se/english/skeppets.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402100139/http://www.swedishwhisky.se/english/skeppets.html |archive-date=2 April 2012 |access-date=11 September 2011}}</ref> In 1999 [[Mackmyra Whisky]] was founded and is today the largest producer and has won several awards including European Whisky of the Year in Jim Murray's 2011 Whisky Bible<ref>{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=Whisky Bible Award Winners |url=http://www.whiskybible.com/2011whiskybibleawards.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730133532/http://www.whiskybible.com/2011whiskybibleawards.htm |archive-date=30 July 2013 |access-date=10 January 2014}}</ref> and the International Wine & Spirits Competition (IWSC) 2012 Award for Best European Spirits Producer of 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Producer Trophies - IWSC.NET |url=http://www.iwsc.net/2012producer-trophies |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014224905/http://www.iwsc.net/2012producer-trophies |archive-date=14 October 2013 |access-date=6 October 2014}}</ref>

===Taiwanese===
{{main|Taiwanese whisky}}
[[Kavalan Distillery|Kavalan]] was the first private whisky distillery in [[Taiwan]]. In January 2010, one of the distillery's products caused a stir by beating three Scotch whiskies and one English whisky in a blind tasting organised in [[Leith]], Scotland, to celebrate [[Burns Night]].<sup>[[Kavalan Distillery#cite note-FOOTNOTEWade2010-4|[4]]] [[Kavalan Distillery#cite note-FOOTNOTERosenblatt2010-5|[5]]]</sup> The distillery was named by ''Whisky Magazine'' as the World Icons of Whisky "Whisky Visitor Attraction of the Year" for 2011, and its products have won several other awards.<sup>[[Kavalan Distillery#cite note-FOOTNOTENiinimaa2012-3|[3]]]</sup> In 2012, Kavalan's {{not a typo|Solist}} Fino Sherry Cask malt whisky was named "new whisky of the year" by [[Jim Murray (whisky writer)|Jim Murray]] in his guide, ''[[Jim Murray's Whisky Bible]]''.<sup>[[Kavalan Distillery#cite note-6|[6]]]</sup> In 2015, Kavalan's {{not a typo|Solist}} Vinho Barrique Single Cask was named the world's best single malt whisky by World Whiskies Awards.<sup>[[Kavalan Distillery#cite note-7|[7]]] [[Kavalan Distillery#cite note-8|[8]]]</sup> In 2016, Kavalan {{not a typo|Solist}} Amontillado Sherry Single Cask was named the world's best single malt whisky by World Whisky Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paragraph.co.uk |title=Kavalan Solist Amontillado Sherry Single Cask Strength – World's Best Single Cask Single Malt Whisky |url=http://www.worldwhiskiesawards.com/kavalan-solist-amontillado-sherry-single-cask-strength.25585.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170123121503/http://www.worldwhiskiesawards.com/kavalan-solist-amontillado-sherry-single-cask-strength.25585.html |archive-date=23 January 2017 |access-date=4 December 2016 |website=World Whiskies Awards}}</ref>

===Welsh===
{{Main|Welsh whisky}}
Although distillation of whisky in Wales began in Middle Ages there were no commercially operated distilleries during the 20th century. The rise of the temperance movement saw the decline of the commercial production of liquor during the 19th century and in 1894 Welsh whisky production ceased. The revival of Welsh whisky began in the 1990s.  Initially a "Prince of Wales" malt whisky was sold as Welsh whisky but was simply blended scotch bottled in Wales. A lawsuit by Scotch distillers ended this enterprise.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kelly |first=Amanda |date=8 May 2000 |title=Welsh will make a rare bit of whiskey |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/welsh-will-make-a-rare-bit-of-whiskey-718646.html |url-status=dead |access-date=26 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125094155/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/welsh-will-make-a-rare-bit-of-whiskey-718646.html |archive-date=25 November 2009}}</ref> In 2000, Penderyn Distillery started production of [[Penderyn (whisky)|Penderyn single malt whisky]]. The first bottles went on sale on 1 March 2004, [[Saint David's Day]], and it is now sold worldwide. Penderyn Distillery is located in the [[Brecon Beacons|Brecon Beacons National Park]] and is considered to be the smallest distillery in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Planet Whiskies Welsh Distillery Section |url=http://www.planetwhiskies.com/distilleries/welsh.html |access-date=19 May 2009}}</ref>

===Other===

[[ManX Spirit]] from the [[Isle of Man]] is distilled elsewhere and re-distilled in the country of its nominal "origin". The ManX distillery takes a previously matured Scotch malt whisky and re-distills it.<ref>Alan J. Buglass (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=gNc34oNpg0AC&dq=manx+spirit+-+redistilled&pg=PT103 Handbook of Alcoholic Beverages] p.532. John Wiley and Sons</ref>

[[Destilerías y Crianza del Whisky S.A.|Whisky DYC]] is a Spanish whisky made by Destilerías y Crianza del Whisky S.A since 1958.<ref>[http://www.cajasegovia.es/observatorio/Publicaciones/125aniv/nicomedes.htm Juan Antonio Folgado,  Capítulos de Economía y Demografía de Segovia e Historia de Caja Segovia (in Spanish)  ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060404064057/http://www.cajasegovia.es/observatorio/Publicaciones/125aniv/nicomedes.htm|date=4 April 2006}}</ref>

[[Frysk Hynder]] is Frisian single malt, distilled and bottled in the ''Us Heit Distillery''. It is the first single malt produced in [[Friesland]], Netherlands.<ref name="autogenerated254" />

Puni is an Italian distillery in [[Glurns]] that makes single malt whisky, including Alba, which is matured in [[Marsala wine|Marsala]] casks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet Italy's whisky pioneers {{!}} Scotch Whisky |url=https://scotchwhisky.com/magazine/around-the-world/from-our-correspondent/16113/meet-italy-s-whisky-pioneers/ |access-date=6 December 2018 |website=scotchwhisky.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>

[[Ankara (whisky)|Ankara]] was a whiskey produced in Turkey from 1964 to 2011.<ref>{{cite web |date=April 12, 2018 |title=Ankara Viskisi: Türkiye'nin İlk, Tek ve "ne yazık ki" Son Viskisi |url=https://veviski.com/ankara-viskisi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828231847/https://veviski.com/ankara-viskisi/ |archive-date=28 August 2019 |access-date=September 16, 2019 |website=VeViski}}</ref>