Editing Vertigo (film) (section)

===Re-evaluation===
Over time the film has been re-evaluated by film critics and has moved higher in esteem in most critics' opinions. Every ten years since 1952, the [[British Film Institute]] magazine ''[[Sight and Sound]]'' has asked the world's leading film critics to compile a list of the ten [[List of films considered the best|greatest films of all time]].<ref name="BFI2002">{{cite web |url=http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/poll/critics.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615192724/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/poll/critics.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 15, 2012 |title=BFI's Sight & Sound Critics' poll 2002 |publisher=BFI |access-date=August 4, 2012}}</ref> In the 1962 and 1972 polls, ''Vertigo'' was not among the top 10 films in voting; only in 1982, after Hitchcock's death, did ''Vertigo'' enter the list, in seventh place.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/history/1982.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120617170326/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/history/1982.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 17, 2012 |title=BFI's Sight & Sound Critics' poll 1982 |publisher=BFI |access-date=August 4, 2012}}</ref> By 1992 it had advanced to fourth place,<ref name="BFI1992">{{cite web |url=http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/history/1992.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618100140/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/history/1992.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 18, 2012 |title=BFI's Sight & Sound Critics' poll 1992 |publisher=BFI |access-date=August 4, 2012}}</ref> by 2002 to second, and in 2012 to first place in both the crime genre and overall, ahead of previous first-place entry ''[[Citizen Kane]]''; in the 2022 poll, it took second place behind ''[[Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles]]''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The Greatest Films of All Time |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/greatest-films-all-time |access-date=December 1, 2022 |website=[[British Film Institute]] |language=en}}</ref> In the 2012 ''[[Sight & Sound]]'' director's poll of the greatest films ever made ''Vertigo'' was ranked seventh;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/polls/greatest-films-all-time/directors-100-best |title=Directors' Top 100 |year=2012 |work=Sight & Sound |publisher=British Film Institute}}</ref> In the 2002 and 2022 editions of the directors' list the film ranked sixth.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sight & Sound 2002 Directors' Greatest Films poll|url=https://www.listal.com/list/sight-sound-2002-directors|website=listal.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002 The Rest of Director's List|url=http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/poll/directors-long.html|website=old.bfi.org.uk|access-date=July 5, 2021|archive-date=February 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201155933/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/polls/topten/poll/directors-long.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Directors' 100 Greatest Films of All Time |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/directors-100-greatest-films-all-time |website=bfi.org}}</ref>

Commenting upon the 2012 results, the magazine's editor Nick James said that ''Vertigo'' was "the ultimate critics' film. It is a dream-like film about people who are not sure who they are but who are busy reconstructing themselves and each other to fit a kind of cinema ideal of the ideal soul-mate."<ref name="bbc" /> In recent years, critics have noted that the casting of Stewart as a character who becomes disturbed and obsessive ultimately enhances the film's unconventionality and suspense, since Stewart had previously been known for warmhearted roles.<ref>{{cite news |last=Robey |first=Tim |date=August 2, 2012 |title=Is Alfred Hitchcock's thriller Vertigo really the best film ever made? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/9446844/Is-Alfred-Hitchcocks-thriller-Vertigo-really-the-best-film-ever-made.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/9446844/Is-Alfred-Hitchcocks-thriller-Vertigo-really-the-best-film-ever-made.html |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |access-date=March 2, 2016 |newspaper=The Telegraph}}{{cbignore}} "Audiences didn't like seeing Jimmy Stewart in such a strange and often unsympathetic role, craving the same sense of being on his side that ''Rear Window'' (1954) and ''The Man Who Knew Too Much'' (1956) had given them."</ref>

In 1998, ''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]'' conducted a poll in which ''Vertigo'' was voted the fifth greatest film of all time.<ref>{{cite web |work=[[AMC (TV channel)|AMC Filmsite.org]] |url=http://www.filmsite.org/timeout2.html |title=Top 100 Films (Readers) |publisher=American Movie Classics Company |access-date=August 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718213202/http://www.filmsite.org/timeout2.html |archive-date=July 18, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[The Village Voice]]'' ranked ''Vertigo'' at No. 3 in its Top 250 "Best Films of the Century" list in 1999, based on a poll of critics.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/take/one/full_list.php3?category=10 |title=Take One: The First Annual Village Voice Film Critics' Poll |access-date=July 27, 2006 |year=1999 |work=The Village Voice |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070826201343/http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/take/one/full_list.php3?category=10 |archive-date=August 26, 2007}}</ref> ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' voted it the 19th Greatest film of all time in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|title = Entertainment Weekly's 100 Greatest Movies of All Time|url = http://www.filmsite.org/ew100.html|publisher = [[Filmsite.org]]|access-date = January 19, 2009|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140331185517/http://www.filmsite.org/ew100.html|archive-date = March 31, 2014|df = dmy-all}}</ref> In January 2002, the film was included on the list of the "Top 100 Essential Films of All Time" by the [[National Society of Film Critics]].<ref name="Carr81">{{Cite book |last=Carr|first=Jay |title=The A List: The National Society of Film Critics' 100 Essential Films |year=2002 |publisher=Da Capo Press |isbn=978-0-306-81096-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/alistnationalsoc00jayc/page/81 81] |url=https://archive.org/details/alistnationalsoc00jayc |url-access=registration|access-date=July 27, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=100 Essential Films by The National Society of Film Critics|url=https://www.filmsite.org/alist.html|website=filmsite.org}}</ref> In 2009, the film was ranked at No. 10 on Japanese film magazine ''[[Kinema Junpo]]''{{'}}s ''Top 10 Non-Japanese Films of All Time'' list.<ref name="kinejun1">{{cite web |title=「オールタイム・ベスト 映画遺産200」全ランキング公開 |url=http://www.kinejun.jp/special/90alltimebest/index.html |website=Kinema Junpo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501064506/http://www.kinejun.jp/special/90alltimebest/index.html |archive-date=May 1, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2022, ''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]'' magazine ranked the film at No.15 on their list of "The 100 best thriller films of all time".<ref>{{cite web|title=The 100 best thriller films of all time|url=https://www.timeout.com/film/best-thriller-movies|website=Time Out|date=March 23, 2022}}</ref>

Already in the 1960s, ''Cahiers du Cinéma'' critics had begun re-evaluating Hitchcock as a serious artist. The film ranked eighth on ''Cahiers du Cinéma''{{'}}s [[Cahiers du Cinéma's Annual Top 10 Lists|Top 10 Films of the Year List]] in 1959.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html|title=Cahiers du Cinema: Top Ten Lists 1951-2009|last=Johnson|first=Eric C.|website=alumnus.caltech.edu|language=en-US|access-date=December 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327102838/http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html|archive-date=March 27, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> However, even [[François Truffaut]]'s [[Hitchcock/Truffaut|1962 book of interviews with Hitchcock]] devotes only a few pages to ''Vertigo''. Dan Auiler has suggested that the real beginning of ''Vertigo''{{'}}s re-evaluation was the 1968 publication of British-Canadian scholar [[Robin Wood (critic)|Robin Wood]]'s book ''Hitchcock's Films'', which called it "Hitchcock's masterpiece to date and one of the four or five most profound and beautiful films the cinema has yet given us".{{sfn|Auiler|2000|p=177}}

Adding to its mystique was the fact that ''Vertigo'' was one of five Hitchcock-owned films removed from circulation in 1973. When ''Vertigo'' was re-released in theaters in October 1983, and then on home video in October 1984, it achieved commercial success and laudatory reviews.{{sfn|Auiler|2000|pp=190–191}} The October 1996 showing of a restored print on [[70 mm film]] with [[DTS (company)|DTS]] sound at the [[Castro Theatre]] in San Francisco was met with a similarly strong reception.{{sfn|Auiler|2000|p=191}} In his 1996 review of the film, critic [[Roger Ebert]] gave it four stars out of four and included it in his list of [[The Great Movies]].<ref name="ebert">{{cite web|last1=Ebert|first1=Roger|title=Vertigo|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-vertigo-1958|website=Roger Ebert|date=October 13, 1996}}</ref>

A minority of critics have expressed dissenting opinions. In his 2004 book ''Blockbuster'', British film critic [[Tom Shone]] suggested that ''Vertigo''{{'}}s critical re-evaluation has led to excessive praise: "Hitchcock is a director who delights in getting his plot mechanisms buffed up to a nice humming shine, and so the ''Sight and Sound'' team praise the one film of his in which this is not the case&nbsp;– it's all loose ends and lopsided angles, its plumbing out on display for the critic to pick over at his leisure."{{sfn|Shone|2004|p=}}

In 1989, ''Vertigo'' was recognized as a "culturally, historically and aesthetically significant" film by the United States [[Library of Congress]] and selected for preservation in the [[National Film Registry]] in the first year of the registry's voting.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |website=Library of Congress|date=January 13, 1989|access-date=September 4, 2017}}</ref>

In 2005, ''Vertigo'' was ranked at number two in ''[[Total Film]]'' magazine's ''100 Greatest Movies of All Time,'' behind only ''[[Goodfellas]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Total Film]] |title=Who is the greatest? |date=October 24, 2005 |url=http://www.totalfilm.com/news/who-is-the-greatest |access-date=August 4, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123115358/http://www.totalfilm.com/news/who-is-the-greatest |archive-date=January 23, 2014 }}</ref> In 2008, an ''[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]'' poll of readers, actors, and critics named it the 40th greatest movie ever made.<ref>{{cite news|work=Empire Magazine|title=Empire's 500 Greatest Movies of All Time|date=January 1, 2014|url=https://www.empireonline.com/500/35.asp|access-date=January 1, 2014}}</ref> The film was voted at No. 8 on the 2008 list of "100 Greatest Films" by ''Cahiers du Cinéma''.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://www.filmdetail.com/2008/11/23/cahiers-du-cinemas-100-greatest-films/|title=Cahiers du cinéma's 100 Greatest Films|date=November 23, 2008}}</ref> In 2010, ''[[The Guardian]]'' ranked it as the third-best crime film of all time.<ref>{{cite news|author=Gilbey, Ryan |date=October 17, 2010|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/oct/17/vertigo-hitchcock-crime|title=Vertigo: No 3 best crime film of all time|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref> ''Vertigo'' ranked third on the [[BBC]]'s 2015 list of the 100 greatest American films.<ref>{{cite web|title=The 100 Greatest American Films|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20150720-the-100-greatest-american-films|website=bbc|date=July 20, 2015}}</ref>

On [[review aggregator]] [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film holds an approval rating of 93% based on 87 reviews, with an average rating of 8.90/10. The website's critics consensus reads deems it "an unpredictable scary thriller that doubles as a mournful meditation on love, loss, and human comfort".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/vertigo|title=Vertigo|website=Rotten tomatoes}}</ref> As of February 2024, ''Vertigo'' is one of only fourteen films with a perfect score on [[Metacritic]] (two other Hitchcock films, ''Notorious'' and ''Rear Window'', are also on the list).<ref>{{cite web|title=Vertigo|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/vertigo/critic-reviews|website=Metacritic}}</ref>

The most recent edition of the [[American Film Institute]]'s top 100 films of all time, released in [[AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)|2007]], placed Vertigo at number nine, up 52 positions from its placement at number 61 in the original 1998 list.

'''[[American Film Institute]] recognition'''
*[[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies]] (1998) #61
*[[AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills]] (2001) #18
*[[AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions]] (2002) #18
*[[AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores]] (2005) #12
*[[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)]] (2007) #9
*[[AFI's 10 Top 10]] (2008) #1 Mystery<ref>{{cite news | publisher = [[American Film Institute]] | title = AFI's 10 Top 10 | date = June 17, 2008 | url = http://www.afi.com/10top10/mystery.html | access-date=June 18, 2008}}</ref>

The San Francisco locations have become celebrated amongst the film's fans, with organized tours across the area.{{efn|Such a tour is featured in a subsection of [[Chris Marker]]'s documentary montage ''[[Sans Soleil]]''.}} In March 1997, the French magazine ''[[Les Inrockuptibles]]'' published a special issue about ''Vertigo's'' locations in San Francisco, ''Dans le décor''.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=[[Les Inrockuptibles]]|title=''Vertigo's''|author=Various |date=March 1997}}</ref>

Directors [[Martin Scorsese]] and [[Denis Villeneuve]] have listed ''Vertigo'' as among their favorite films of all time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.miramax.com/subscript/scorseses-favorite-films|title=Scorsese's 12 favorite films |publisher=Miramax.com |access-date=December 25, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226091025/http://www.miramax.com/subscript/scorseses-favorite-films |archive-date=December 26, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mahler |first1=Matt |title='Dune' Director Names His Favorite Movies of 2024 |url=https://movieweb.com/favorite-movies-of-2024-dune-director-denis-villeneuve/ |access-date=17 March 2015|work=MovieWeb |date=15 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Denis Villeneuve’s Favorite Movies: 29 Films the Director Wants You to See |url=https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/denis-villeneuve-favorite-movies/ |access-date=17 March 2025|work=IndieWire |date=26 February 2023 }}</ref>

The renewed public appreciation for ''Vertigo'' is accompanied by a growing body of academic scholarship. Conferences like the Annual International Vertigo conference, for instance, showcase this trend, as evidenced by its 2018 event at [[Trinity College Dublin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vimeo.com/370038885|title=2018 Annual International Vertigo conference}},</ref>