Editing Trieste (section)

==Language==
[[File:WIKITONGUES- Arlon speaking Triestine.webm|thumb|A Triestine speaker]]
The particular dialect of Trieste, called tergestino, spoken until the beginning of the 19th century, was surpassed in relevance by the [[Triestine dialect]] of [[Venetian language|Venetian]] (a language deriving directly from [[Vulgar Latin]]) and other languages, including standard [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Slovene language|Slovene]], and [[German language|German]]. While Triestine and Italian were spoken by the largest part of the population, German was the language of the Austrian bureaucracy and Slovene was predominantly spoken in the surrounding villages. From the last decades of the 19th century, the number of speakers of Slovene grew steadily, reaching 25% of the overall population of Trieste in 1911.<ref name="ReferenceA">Stranj, Pavel, ''Slovensko prebivalstvo Furlanije-Julijske krajine v družbeni in zgodovinski perspektivi'', Trst, 1999</ref>

According to the 1911 census, the proportion of Slovene speakers grew to 12.6% in the city centre (15.9% counting only Austrian citizens), 47.6% in the suburbs (53% counting only Austrian citizens), and 90.5% in the surroundings.<ref name="Oesterreichischen Laender 1918">Spezialortsrepertorium der Oesterreichischen Laender. VII. Oesterreichisch-Illyrisches Kuestenland. Wien, 1918, Verlag der K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei</ref> They were the largest ethnic group in nine of the nineteen urban neighbourhoods of Trieste, and represented a majority in seven of them.<ref name="Oesterreichischen Laender 1918"/> The Italian speakers, on the other hand, made up 60.1% of the population in the city centre, 38.1% in the suburbs, and 6.0% in the surroundings. They were the largest linguistic group in ten of the nineteen urban neighbourhoods, and represented the majority in seven of them (including all six in the city centre). German speakers amounted to 5% of the city's population, with the highest proportions in the city centre.

The city also had several other smaller ethnic communities, including Croats, Czechs, [[Istro-Romanians]], Serbs and Greeks, who mostly assimilated either into the Italian or the Slovene-speaking communities. Altogether, in 1911, 51.83% of the population of the municipality of Trieste spoke Italian, 24.79% spoke Slovene, 5.2% spoke German, 1% spoke Croatian, 0.3% spoke "other languages", and 16.8% were foreigners, including a further 12.9% Italians (immigrants from the Kingdom of Italy and thus considered separately from Triestine Italians) and 1.6% Hungarians.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kozina.com/premik/1910-02.pdf |title=The 1911 census |access-date=2019-08-28 |archive-date=2013-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220202023/http://www.kozina.com/premik/1910-02.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

By 1971, following the emigration of Slovenes to neighbouring Slovenia and the immigration of Italians from other regions ([[Istrian exodus|and from Yugoslav-annexed Istria]]) to Trieste, the percentage of Italian speakers had risen to 91.8%, and that of Slovenian speakers had dwindled to 5.7%.<ref>Pavel Stranj, ''La comunità sommersa'', Založba tržaškega tiska, Trieste/Trst 1992</ref>

Today, the dominant local dialect of Trieste is "Triestine" (''triestin'', pronounced {{IPA|vec|tɾi.esˈtiŋ|}}), a form of [[Venetian language|Venetian]]. This dialect and official Italian are spoken in the city, while Slovene is spoken in some of the immediate suburbs.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> There are also small numbers of Serbo-Croatian, German, Greek, and Hungarian speakers.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}