Editing Suriname (section)

=== Ethnicity ===
{{bar box
|title=Ethnic groups of Suriname<ref name="CIAPAPUANEWGUINEA">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/suriname/|title=South America :: SURINAME|date=17 May 2022|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Ethnic groups
|right1=percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Indo-Surinamese|Indian]]|Blue|27.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Maroon (people)|Maroon]]|Orange|21.7}}
{{bar percent|[[Creole people|Creole]]|Yellow|15.7}}
{{bar percent|[[Javanese Surinamese|Javanese]]|Green|13.7}}
{{bar percent|[[Multiracial|Mixed]]|Red|13.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Indigenous peoples in Suriname|Amerindian]]|Green|3.8}}
{{bar percent|[[Chinese Surinamese|Chinese]]|Purple|1.5}}
{{bar percent|[[White Surinamese|White]]|Silver|0.3}}
{{bar percent|Other|Orange|2.5}}
}}

The largest ethnic group are [[Asian Surinamese]] (about 43%), with the largest subgroup being [[Indo-Surinamese]], who form over a quarter of the population (27.4%).<ref name="rutgers"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Censusstatistieken 2012|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Suriname/SUR-Census2012-vol1.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629112522/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Suriname/SUR-Census2012-vol1.pdf|archive-date=2014-06-29|work=Algemeen Bureau voor de Statistiek in Suriname (General Statistics Bureau of Suriname)|page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=29 September 2021|title=The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/suriname/|website=cia.gov}}</ref><ref name="statistics-suriname12">{{cite web|title=Census statistieken 2012|url=http://www.statistics-suriname.org/index.php/statistieken/downloads/category/30-censusstatistieken-2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113143359/http://www.statistics-suriname.org/index.php/statistieken/downloads/category/30-censusstatistieken-2012|archive-date=13 November 2014|access-date=13 July 2014|publisher=Statistics-suriname.org|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Definitieve Resultaten (Vol I) Etniciteit|journal=Presentatie Evaluatie Rapport CENSUS 8|page=42}}</ref> The vast majority are descendants of 19th-century [[Indian indenture system|indentured workers]] from [[North India|Northern India]] and Southern [[Nepal]], hailing mostly from areas in the [[Hindi Belt]] of modern [[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]] and [[Eastern Uttar Pradesh]], and also the [[Bengal]] region than consists of modern [[West Bengal]] and [[Bangladesh]]. If counted as one ethnic group, the [[Afro-Surinamese]] are the second largest community, at around 37.4%; however, they are usually divided into two cultural/ethnic groups: the [[Creole peoples|Creoles]] and the Maroons. Surinamese Maroons, whose ancestors are mostly runaway slaves that fled to the interior, comprise 21.7% of the population. They are divided into six tribes: [[Ndyuka people|Ndyuka]] (Aucans), [[Saramaka|Saramaccans]], [[Paramaccan]]s, [[Kwinti]], [[Aluku]] (Boni) and [[Matawai people|Matawai]]. Surinamese [[Creole peoples|Creoles]], mixed people descending from African slaves and Europeans (mostly Dutch), form 15.7% of the population. [[Javanese Surinamese|Javanese]] make up 14% of the population, and like the East Indians, descend largely from workers contracted from the island of [[Java]] in the former [[Dutch East Indies]] (modern [[Indonesia]]).<ref name="javanese in suriname">{{in lang|id}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110316132831/http://unik.kompasiana.com/2011/03/14/orang-jawa-di-suriname/ Orang Jawa di Suriname (Javanese in Suriname)], ''kompasiana'' (14 March 2011)</ref> 13.4% of the population identifies as being of mixed ethnic heritage. [[Chinese Surinamese|Chinese]], originating from 19th-century indentured workers and some recent migration, make up 7.3% of the population.

Other groups include [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]], primarily [[Maronites]], and [[History of the Jews in Suriname|Jews]] of [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardic]] and [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazi]] origin, whose center of population was [[Jodensavanne]]. Various [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|indigenous peoples]] make up 3.7% of the population, with the main groups being the [[Akurio people|Akurio]], [[Arawak]], [[Kalina people|Kalina]] (Caribs), [[Tiriyó people|Tiriyó]] and [[Wayana people|Wayana]]. They live mainly in the districts of [[Paramaribo]], [[Wanica District|Wanica]], [[Para District|Para]], [[Marowijne District|Marowijne]] and [[Sipaliwini District|Sipaliwini]].{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} A small but influential number of [[White Surinamese|Europeans]] remain in the country, comprising about 1% of the population. They are descended mostly from [[Dutch people|Dutch]] 19th-century immigrant farmers, known as "[[Dutch Surinamese|Boeroes]]" (derived from ''boer'', the [[Dutch language|Dutch]] word for "farmer"), and to a lesser degree other European groups, such as [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]]. Many Boeroes [[White flight|left after independence in 1975]].

More recently Suriname has seen a new wave of immigrants, namely [[Brazilians in Suriname|Brazilians]], [[Haitians]] and [[Chinese Surinamese|Chinese]] (many of them laborers mining for gold). Most do not have legal status.<ref>"[http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/violence-erupts-surinam Violence erupts in Surinam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102065401/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/violence-erupts-surinam|date=2 January 2010 }}". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 26 December 2009.</ref>