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==Culture and community== [[File:Steampunk magazine Issue3.gif|thumb|upright|Cover of ''Steampunk Magazine'']] Because of the popularity of steampunk, there is a growing movement of adults that want to establish steampunk as a culture and lifestyle.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcsweeneys.net/links/monologues/25steampunk.html|title=Mom, Dad, I'm Into Steampunk|publisher=McSweeney's.net|date=July 25, 2008|last=Kaye|first=Marco|access-date=August 4, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080804235630/http://www.mcsweeneys.net/links/monologues/25steampunk.html|archive-date=August 4, 2008}}</ref> Some fans of the genre adopt a steampunk aesthetic through fashion,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailysteampunk.com/Steampunk%20Aesthetics.html|title=Steampunk Aesthetics|date=July 1, 2008|author=Rauchfuss, Marcus|access-date=February 9, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531032150/http://www.dailysteampunk.com/Steampunk%20Aesthetics.html|archive-date=May 31, 2008}}</ref> home decor, music, and film. While Steampunk is considered the amalgamation of Victorian aesthetic principles with modern sensibilities and technologies,<ref name="La Ferla"/> it can be more broadly categorised as [[neo-Victorian]]ism, described by scholar Marie-Luise Kohlke as "the afterlife of the nineteenth century in the cultural imaginary".<ref>{{cite web|author=Miss Jessica Rose|url=https://pastbooks.wordpress.com/2013/11/05/so-what-is-neo-victorianism/|title=So what is neo-Victorianism? A working definition. | Past Books|publisher=Pastbooks.wordpress.com|date=November 5, 2013|access-date=November 19, 2016|archive-date=November 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119120933/https://pastbooks.wordpress.com/2013/11/05/so-what-is-neo-victorianism/|url-status=live}}</ref> The subculture has its own magazine, blogs, and online shops.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/steampunks-twist-tech-102747|title=Steampunk's Twist on Tech|website=Newsweek|date=October 30, 2007|last=Braiker|first=Brian|access-date=July 11, 2017|archive-date=July 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707073047/http://www.newsweek.com/steampunks-twist-tech-102747|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2012, a panel, chaired by steampunk entertainer [[Veronique Chevalier]] and with panelists including magician [[Pop Hadyn]] and members of the steampunk performance group the [[League of STEAM]], was held at [[Stan Lee]]'s [[Comikaze Expo]]. The panel suggested that because steampunk was inclusive of and incorporated ideas from various other subcultures such as goth, neo-Victorian, and cyberpunk, as well as a growing number of [[fandom]]s, it was fast becoming a ''[[super-culture]]'' rather than a mere subculture.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://comikazeexpo.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Comikaze-Panel-Schedule-Saturday-9-1.15.121.pdf|title=Stan Lee's Comikaze Expo 2012 Panel Schedule, Saturday, September 15|publisher=[[Comikaze Expo]]|date=Sep 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020155343/http://comikazeexpo.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Comikaze-Panel-Schedule-Saturday-9-1.15.121.pdf|archive-date=October 20, 2012}}</ref> Other steampunk notables such as [[Professor Elemental]] have expressed similar views about steampunk's inclusive diversity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tor.com/blogs/2012/10/professor-elemental-defines-steampunk-or-at-least-tries-to|title=Professor Elemental Defines Steampunk (or, at Least Tries to)|author=Professor Elemental|publisher=[[Tor.com]]|date=Oct 2012|access-date=2012-11-09|archive-date=2015-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150409072133/http://www.tor.com/blogs/2012/10/professor-elemental-defines-steampunk-or-at-least-tries-to|url-status=live}}</ref> Some have proposed a steampunk philosophy that incorporates punk-inspired anti-establishment sentiments typically bolstered by optimism about human potential.<ref>{{cite web|last=Swerlick|first=Andrew|title=Technology Gets Steampunk'd|date=May 11, 2007|url=http://www.emorywheel.com/detail.php?n=24611|access-date=August 4, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209175637/http://www.emorywheel.com/detail.php?n=24611|archive-date=December 9, 2007}}</ref> A 2004 "Steampunk Manifesto," later republished in ''[[SteamPunk Magazine]]'', lamented that most "so-called" steampunk was nothing more than dressed-up recreationary [[nostalgia]] and proposed that "authentic" steampunk would "take the levers of technology from the [technocrats] and powerful."<ref name="Steampunk Manifesto">{{cite web|author=Prof. Calamity|title=Steampunk Manifesto|date=November 27, 2004|publisher=LiveJournal|url=https://prof-calamity.livejournal.com/277.html|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807204010/https://prof-calamity.livejournal.com/277.html|url-status=live}}{{self-published inline|date=July 2020}}</ref> American activist and performer Miriam Rosenberg Rocek impersonated [[anarcha-feminist]] [[Emma Goldman]] to inspire discussions around gender, society and politics.<ref name=Nally/> ''SteamPunk Magazine'' was edited and published by anarchists. Its founder, [[Margaret Killjoy]], argued "there have always been radical politics at the core of steampunk."<ref name=Killjoy>{{cite web|url=https://www.tor.com/2011/10/03/steampunk-will-never-be-afraid-of-politics/|title=Steampunk Will Never Be Afraid Of Politics|publisher=Tor.com|date=October 3, 2011|last=Killjoy|first=Margaret|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807134517/https://www.tor.com/2011/10/03/steampunk-will-never-be-afraid-of-politics/|url-status=live}}</ref> Diana M. Pho, a science-fiction editor and author of the multicultural steampunk blog [https://beyondvictoriana.com ''Beyond Victoriana''], similarly argued steampunk's "[[Progressivism|progressive]] roots" can be traced to its literary inspirations, including Verne's [[Captain Nemo]].<ref name=Pho>{{citation|url=https://overland.org.au/previous-issues/issue-207/feature-diana-m-pho/|title=Leftist constructs|first=Diana M.|last=Pho|journal=Overland|issue=207|date=Winter 2012|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807144817/https://overland.org.au/previous-issues/issue-207/feature-diana-m-pho/|url-status=live}}</ref> Steampunk authors [[Phenderson Djèlí Clark]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://disgruntledharadrim.com/2013/04/17/radical-dirigibles-black-socialists-anarchists-reformers-and-airships/|title=Radical Dirigibles – Black Socialists, Anarchists, Reformers and Airships|publisher=The Musings of a Disgruntled Haradrim|date=April 17, 2013|last=Clark|first=Phenderson Djèlí|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728131739/https://disgruntledharadrim.com/2013/04/17/radical-dirigibles-black-socialists-anarchists-reformers-and-airships/|url-status=live}}</ref> Jaymee Goh,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tor.com/2009/10/19/there-is-totally-punk-in-steampunk/|title=There is Totally Punk in Steampunk|publisher=Tor.com|date=October 19, 2009|last=Goh|first=Jaymee|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807090422/https://www.tor.com/2009/10/19/there-is-totally-punk-in-steampunk/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Dru Pagliassotti]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://drupagliassotti.com/2009/02/11/does-steampunk-have-politics/|title=Does Steampunk Have Politics?|date=February 11, 2009|last=Pagliassotti|first=Dru|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728122513/http://drupagliassotti.com/2009/02/11/does-steampunk-have-politics/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Charlie Stross]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2010/10/the-hard-edge-of-empire.html|title=The hard edge of empire|date=October 27, 2010|last=Stross|first=Charlie|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701040907/http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2010/10/the-hard-edge-of-empire.html|url-status=live}}</ref> consider their work political. These views are not universally shared.<ref name=Poeter/> Killjoy lamented that even some diehard enthusiasts believe steampunk "has nothing to offer but designer clothes."<ref name=Killjoy/> Pho argued many steampunk fans "don't like to acknowledge that their attitudes could be considered ideological."<ref name=Pho/> The largest online steampunk community, [http://brassgoggles.co.uk ''Brass Goggles''], which is dedicated to what it calls the "lighter side" of steampunk, banned discussion about politics. Cory Gross, who was one of the first to write about the history and theory of steampunk, argued that the "[[Photographic print toning|sepia-toned]] yesteryear more appropriate for Disney and grandparents than a vibrant and viable philosophy or culture" denounced in the ''Steampunk Manifesto''<ref name="Steampunk Manifesto"/> was in fact representative of the genre.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gross|first=Cory|title=A History of Steampunk, by Cory Gross|date=August 27, 2010|url=http://steampunkscholar.blogspot.com/2010/08/history-of-steampunk-by-cory-gross.html|publisher=Steampunk Scholar|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807092726/http://steampunkscholar.blogspot.com/2010/08/history-of-steampunk-by-cory-gross.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Author [[Catherynne M. Valente]] called the punk in steampunk "nearly meaningless."<ref>{{cite web|last=Valente|first=Catherynne M.|title=Blowing Off Steam|work=Jeff VanderMeer |date=November 28, 2007|url=https://www.jeffvandermeer.com/2007/11/28/blowing-off-steam/|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728120032/https://www.jeffvandermeer.com/2007/11/28/blowing-off-steam/|url-status=live}}</ref> Kate Franklin and James Schafer, who at the time managed one of the largest steampunk groups on [[Facebook]], admitted in 2011 that steampunk hadn't created the "revolutionary, or even a particularly progressive" community they wanted.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Franklin|first1=Kate|last2=Schafer|first2=James|title=Why Steampunk (still) Matters|url=http://parliamentandwake.com/veil/whysteampunkmatters/whysteampunkmatters.html|access-date=Jul 28, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301174950/http://parliamentandwake.com/veil/whysteampunkmatters/whysteampunkmatters.html|archive-date=March 1, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Blogger and podcaster Eric Renderking Fisk announced in 2017 that steampunk was no longer punk, since it had "lost the [[Anti-authoritarianism|anti-authoritarian]], [[anti-establishment]] aspects."<ref>{{cite web|last=Fisk|first=Eric Renderking|title=Requiem for Steampunk|date=March 4, 2017|url=https://thefedorachronicles.com/rants/2017/requiem_for_steampunk.html|publisher=The Fedora Chronicles|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707135805/https://thefedorachronicles.com/rants/2017/requiem_for_steampunk.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Others argued explicitly against turning steampunk into a political movement,<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/2010/11/get-your-punk-out-of-my-steam/|title=Get Your Punk Out of My Steam|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|date=November 5, 2010|last=Ottens|first=Nick|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728135155/https://neverwasmag.com/2010/11/get-your-punk-out-of-my-steam/|url-status=live}}</ref> preferring to see steampunk as "[[escapism]]"<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/2011/10/is-steampunk-radically-political/|title=Is Steampunk Radically Political?|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|date=October 20, 2011|last=Rauchfuß|first=Marcus|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728111603/https://neverwasmag.com/2011/10/is-steampunk-radically-political/|url-status=live}}</ref> or a "fandom".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2012.pdf|title=The Steampunk Fandom|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|issue=12|page=5|date=May 2010|first=Chris|last=Garcia|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728111607/https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2012.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, Nick Ottens, editor of the online alternate-history magazine ''Never Was'', declared that the "lighter side" of steampunk had won out.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/2018/03/punk-is-dead-long-live-steampunk/|title=Punk Is Dead. Long Live Steampunk!|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|date=March 31, 2018|last=Ottens|first=Nick|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728131735/https://neverwasmag.com/2018/03/punk-is-dead-long-live-steampunk/|url-status=live}}</ref> To the extent that steampunk is [[politicization|politicized]], it appears to be an American and British phenomenon. Continental Europeans<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/2011/12/a-rupture-between-continents/|title=A Rupture Between Continents?|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|date=December 1, 2011|last=Heyvaert|first=Hilde|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723044730/https://neverwasmag.com/2011/12/a-rupture-between-continents/|url-status=live}}</ref> and Latin Americans<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2019.pdf|title=Iberoamerica: The Lost World|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|issue=19|page=18|date=March 2011|first=Araceli|last=Rodríguez|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728111843/https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2019.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> are more likely to consider steampunk a hobby than a cause. ===Social events=== June 19, 2005 marked the grand opening of the world's first steampunk club night, Malediction Society, in [[Los Angeles]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tor.com/2010/10/22/the-steampunk-music-timeline/|title=The Amazing Fantastic Steampunk Timeline of Music and Things|website=Tor.com|date=Oct 22, 2010|last=Kriete|first=Evelyn|access-date=Jan 29, 2019|archive-date=January 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129182103/https://www.tor.com/2010/10/22/the-steampunk-music-timeline/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Lecaro>{{cite web|url=https://www.laweekly.com/music/club-monte-cristo-to-close-after-19-years-after-one-last-party-from-xian-vox-and-ladead-8091384|title=The Monte Cristo, Longtime Home to Dark L.A. Nightlife, Is Closing Down|newspaper=[[LA Weekly]]|date=Apr 4, 2017|last=Lecaro|first=Lina|access-date=Jan 29, 2019|archive-date=January 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129183859/https://www.laweekly.com/music/club-monte-cristo-to-close-after-19-years-after-one-last-party-from-xian-vox-and-ladead-8091384|url-status=live}}</ref> The event ran for nearly 12 years at The Monte Cristo nightclub, interrupted by a single year residency at Argyle Hollywood, until both the club night and The Monte Cristo closed in April 2017.<ref name=Lecaro/> Though the steampunk aesthetic eventually gave way to a more generic [[Gothic rock|goth]] and [[Industrial music|industrial]] aesthetic, Malediction Society celebrated its roots every year with "The Steampunk Ball".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.laweekly.com/music/steampunk-industrial-complex-bridging-subcultures-at-malediction-society-2405248|title=Steampunk Industrial Complex: Bridging Subcultures at Malediction Society|newspaper=LA Weekly|date=Jun 23, 2009|last=Ohanesian|first=Liz|access-date=Jan 29, 2019|archive-date=January 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129182211/https://www.laweekly.com/music/steampunk-industrial-complex-bridging-subcultures-at-malediction-society-2405248|url-status=live}}</ref> The year 2006 saw the first "SalonCon", a neo-Victorian/steampunk convention. It ran for three consecutive years and featured artists, musicians ([[Voltaire (musician)|Voltaire]] and Abney Park), and authors ([[Catherynne M. Valente]], [[Ekaterina Sedia]], and [[G. D. Falksen]]). It also featured [[Salon (gathering)|salons]] led by people prominent in their respective fields, workshops and panels on steampunk, and a seance, ballroom dance instruction, and the Chrononauts' Parade. The event was covered by MTV<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/videos/news/280093/its-airships-pirates-and-goggles.jhtml#id=1595811|title=Steampunk Infiltrates the Mainstream|website=[[MTV]]|access-date=Feb 25, 2010|archive-date=May 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513210615/http://www.mtv.com/videos/news/280093/its-airships-pirates-and-goggles.jhtml#id=1595811|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''The New York Times''.<ref name="La Ferla"/> Since then, a number of popular steampunk conventions have sprung up the world over, with names like [[Steamcon]] ([[Seattle]]), the [[Steampunk World's Fair]] ([[Piscataway, New Jersey]]), Up in the Aether: The Steampunk Convention ([[Dearborn, Michigan]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/01/steampunk-conventions-2013|title=Gearing Up for 2013: A Steampunk Conventions Listing|author=Ay-leen the Peacemaker|date=Jan 10, 2013|access-date=March 27, 2013|archive-date=May 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514001938/http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/01/steampunk-conventions-2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Steampunk NZ ([[Oamaru, New Zealand]]), Steampunk Unlimited ([[Strasburg Railroad]], [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania|Lancaster, PA]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pennlive.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2013/11/steampunk_unlimited_strasburg_1.html|title=Strasburg Rail Road's Steampunk UnLimited draws more than 1,000 on its first day|work=PennLive|agency=The Patriot-News|date=16 November 2013|last1=Hatmaker|first1=Julia|access-date=26 May 2015|archive-date=27 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527020949/http://www.pennlive.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2013/11/steampunk_unlimited_strasburg_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Each year, on Mother's Day weekend, the city of [[Waltham, Massachusetts|Waltham, MA]], turns over its city center and surrounding areas to host the [[Watch City Steampunk Festival]], a US outdoor steampunk festival. In [[Kennebunk, Maine|Kennebunk, ME]] the [[Brick Store Museum]] hosts the Southern Maine Steampunk Fair annually.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2019-08-01|title=Steampunk Fair returns to Kennebunk on Aug. 10|url=https://www.pressherald.com/2019/08/01/steampunk-fair-returns-to-kennebunk-on-aug-10/|access-date=2021-11-12|website=Portland Press Herald|archive-date=2021-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112044520/https://www.pressherald.com/2019/08/01/steampunk-fair-returns-to-kennebunk-on-aug-10/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=23 July 2020|title=Southern Maine Steampunk Fair moved to digital format|url=https://www.pressherald.com/2020/07/23/southern-maine-steampunk-fair-moved-to-digital-format/|access-date=11 November 2021|website=Portland Press Herald|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112044518/https://www.pressherald.com/2020/07/23/southern-maine-steampunk-fair-moved-to-digital-format/|url-status=live}}</ref> During the first weekend of May, the Australian town of [[Nimmitabel]] celebrates Steampunk @ Altitude with some 2,000 people in attendance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://snowymountains.com.au/event?ev=5ad4e27a4023c8aa109829cd|title=Steampunk At Altitude (2020)|publisher=Regional Tourism Organisation for the Snowy Mountains|access-date=April 4, 2020|archive-date=March 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316040715/http://snowymountains.com.au/event?ev=5ad4e27a4023c8aa109829cd|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:CarnevaleSteampunk.JPG|thumb|A steampunk couple at Carnevale 2012 in [[Boise, Idaho]] ]] In recent years, steampunk has also become a regular feature at [[San Diego Comic-Con]], with the Saturday of the four-day event being generally known among steampunks as "Steampunk Day", and culminating with a photo-shoot for the local press.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://frocktalk.com/?p=1237|title=Comic Con: Day Three – Steampunks!|publisher=FrockTalk.com|date=July 28, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210104/http://frocktalk.com/?p=1237|archive-date=March 3, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laweekly.com/slideshow/san-diego-comic-con-2010-day-3-30647156/24/|title=San Diego Comic-Con 2010 Day 3|newspaper=LA Weekly|access-date=Jul 31, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022052805/http://www.laweekly.com/slideshow/san-diego-comic-con-2010-day-3-30647156/24/|archive-date=October 22, 2013}}</ref> In 2010, this was recorded in the [[Guinness Book of World Records]] as the world's largest steampunk photo shoot.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/9000/largest-gathering-of-steampunks|title=Largest Gathering of Steampunks (2010)|publisher=Guinness World Records|access-date=Jul 11, 2012}}</ref> In 2013, Comic-Con announced four official 2013 T-shirts, one of them featuring the official [[Rick Geary]] Comic-Con toucan mascot in steampunk attire.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.comic-con.org/toucan/comic-con-2013-t-shirts-revealed|title=Comic-Con 2013 T-Shirts Revealed!|publisher=comic-con.org|date=July 1, 2013|access-date=Jul 2, 2013|archive-date=July 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130704181945/http://www.comic-con.org/toucan/comic-con-2013-t-shirts-revealed|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Saturday steampunk "after-party" has also become a major event on the steampunk social calendar: in 2010, the headliners included The Slow Poisoner, Unextraordinary Gentlemen, and [[Aurelio Voltaire]], with [[Veronique Chevalier]] as Mistress of Ceremonies and special appearance by the [[League of STEAM]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chrononautclub.com/special.htm|title=The League of Temporal Adventurers First Society Gala|access-date=Jul 29, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122033110/http://www.chrononautclub.com/special.htm|archive-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.laweekly.com/stylecouncil/fandom/voltaire-comic-con-san-diego/|title=Comic-Con Interview: Musician/Artist Voltaire is a Convention Renaissance Man|newspaper=LA Weekly|date=July 28, 2010|first=Liz|last=Ohanesian|access-date=Jul 31, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100801062654/http://blogs.laweekly.com/stylecouncil/fandom/voltaire-comic-con-san-diego/|archive-date=August 1, 2010}}</ref> in 2011, UXG returned with Abney Park.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://img828.imageshack.us/img828/2092/26205610150364945442306.jpg|title=Promotional poster for Comic Con's steampunk after-party, "The Time Machine"|access-date=Jul 23, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323222230/http://img828.imageshack.us/img828/2092/26205610150364945442306.jpg|archive-date=March 23, 2012}}</ref> Steampunk has also sprung up recently at Renaissance Festivals and [[Renaissance Fair]]es, in the US. Some festivals have organised events or a "Steampunk Day", while others simply support an open environment for donning steampunk attire. The [[Bristol Renaissance Faire]] in [[Kenosha, Wisconsin]], on the [[Wisconsin]]/[[Illinois]] border, featured a Steampunk costume contest during the 2012 season, the previous two seasons having seen increasing participation in the phenomenon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesteampunkempire.com/events/event/listByLocation?location=Bristol+Renaissance+Fair|title=Steampunk Empire: All Events in Bristol Renaissance Faire|access-date=Oct 5, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203003615/http://www.thesteampunkempire.com/events/event/listByLocation?location=Bristol+Renaissance+Fair|archive-date=February 3, 2014}}</ref> Steampunk also has a growing following in the UK and Europe. The largest European event is "[[Weekend at the Asylum]]", held at [[The Lawn, Lincoln]], every September since 2009. Organised as a not-for-profit event by the Ministry of Steampunk (formerly Victorian Steampunk Society), the Asylum is a dedicated steampunk event which takes over much of the historical quarter of [[Lincoln, England]], along with [[Lincoln Castle]]. In 2011, there were over 1,000 steampunks in attendance. The event features the Empire Ball, Majors Review, Bazaar Eclectica, and the international Tea Duelling final.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://steampunk.synthasite.com/|title=The Asylum|access-date=Feb 17, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325111027/http://steampunk.synthasite.com/|archive-date=March 25, 2009}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://pastbooks.wordpress.com/2014/09/23/tea-duelling-and-other-splendid-steampunk-adventures-at-lincoln-2014/|title=Tea Duelling|access-date=Feb 17, 2015|date=Sep 23, 2014|archive-date=January 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117072738/https://pastbooks.wordpress.com/2014/09/23/tea-duelling-and-other-splendid-steampunk-adventures-at-lincoln-2014/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Surrey Steampunk Convivial was originally held in [[New Malden]], but since 2019 has been held in [[Stoneleigh, Surrey|Stoneleigh]] in southwestern London, within walking distance of [[H. G. Wells]]'s home.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eehe.org.uk/?p=24117|title=H G Wells Literature and Love|publisher=G R Crawford|access-date=3 September 2015|archive-date=15 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115234014/https://eehe.org.uk/?p=24117|url-status=live}}</ref> The Surrey Steampunk Convivial started as an annual event in 2012, and now takes place thrice a year, and has spanned three boroughs and five venues.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.surreycomet.co.uk/news/9560784.steampunks-hit-epsom/|title=Steampunks hit Epsom|date=29 February 2012|publisher=Surrey Comet|access-date=27 November 2018|archive-date=27 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127110209/https://www.surreycomet.co.uk/news/9560784.steampunks-hit-epsom/|url-status=live}}</ref> Attendees have been interviewed by [[BBC Radio 4]] for [[Phill Jupitus]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrGDwumqaso |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/OrGDwumqaso| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=BBC radio {{sic|nolink=y|documentary}} about Steampunk with Phill Jupitus|date=20 May 2013 |publisher=toswitchoffvoicemail|access-date=3 September 2015|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and filmed by the [[BBC World Service]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTtSQT5u9R4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/eTtSQT5u9R4| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=The Surrey Steampunk Convivial|date=6 May 2015 |publisher=Ben Henderson|access-date=3 September 2015|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The West Yorkshire village of [[Haworth]] has held an annual Steampunk weekend since 2013,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haworth-village.co.uk/steampunk/|title=The Haworth Steampunk Weekend|website=www.haworth-village.co.uk|access-date=Jun 20, 2016|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303113646/http://www.haworth-village.co.uk/steampunk/|url-status=live}}</ref> on each occasion as a charity event raising funds for [[Sue Ryder (charity)|Sue Ryder's "Manorlands" hospice]] in [[Oxenhope]]. In September 2021, [[Finland]]'s first steampunk festival was held at the [[Väinö Linna Square]] and the Werstas Workers' House in [[Tampere]], [[Pirkanmaa]], Finland.<ref>[https://www.steampunk.fi/ OHJELMA 2021 – Steampunk Tampere] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919064516/http://www.steampunk.fi/ |date=2021-09-19 }} (in Finnish)</ref><ref>[https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12106196 YLE: Tampereella käynnistyi Suomen ensimmäinen steampunk-festivaali: katso tästä muinaisen teknologian höyrystämät kuvat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919072118/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12106196 |date=2021-09-19 }} (in Finnish)</ref> ===Other=== A 2018 physics Ph.D. dissertation used the phrase "Quantum Steampunk" to describe the author's synthesis of some 19th century and current ideas.<ref>Nicole Yunger Halpern, "Quantum Steampunk: 19th-Century Science Meets Technology of Today", ''Scientific American'' '''322''':5:n.p., [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/quantum-steampunk-19th-century-science-meets-technology-of-today/ May 2020] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424143346/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/quantum-steampunk-19th-century-science-meets-technology-of-today/ |date=2020-04-24 }}</ref><ref>Nicole Yunger Halpern, "Quantum steampunk: Quantum information, thermodynamics, their intersection, and applications thereof across physics", Ph.D. Dissertation, California Institute of Technology, 2018 {{doi|10.7907/96EJ-N815}} {{arXiv|1807.09786}}</ref> The term has not been widely adopted. A 2012 conference paper on [[human factors]] in computing systems examined the use of steampunk as a [[design fiction]] for [[human-computer interaction]] (HCI). It concludes that "the practices of DIY and appropriation that are evident in Steampunk design provide a useful set of design strategies and implications for HCI".<ref>Theresa Jean Tanenbaum, Karen Tanenbaum, Ron Wakkary, "Steampunk as Design Fiction", ''Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems'' (CHI '12), May 2012, {{doi|10.1145/2207676.2208279}}, pp. 1583–1592</ref>
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