Editing Sin (mythology) (section)

====First millennium BCE====
The popularity of Sin of Harran grew in the [[Iron Age]].{{sfn|Blömer|2023|p=309}} He became an important deity in the local pantheon of [[Tabal (state)|Tabal]].{{sfn|Hutter|2003|p=273}} Even though Arma continued to be worshiped by the Luwian communities residing in [[Pamphylia]], [[Cilicia]], [[Caria]] and [[Lycia]], among eastern Luwians he was entirely displaced by Sin of Harran as the moon god.{{sfn|Hutter|2003|p=228}} The latter is mentioned alongside deities such as [[Tarḫunz]] and [[Kubaba (goddess)|Kubaba]] in an inscription of {{ill|Himayata|de}} on a stela from [[Til Barsip]].{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=395}} He also appears alongside Kubaba in curse formulas in multiple inscriptions from Tabal.{{sfn|Hutter|2003|p=273}}

While no references to Sin of Harran occur in [[Assyria]]n sources from the [[Middle Assyrian Empire|Middle Assyrian period]],{{sfn|Groß|2014|p=140}} even though it is possible his cult center was incorporated into the Middle Assyrian administrative system as early as during the reign of [[Tukulti-Ninurta I]],{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=394}} evidence for royal patronage of his temple is available from the subsequent [[Neo-Assyrian period]].{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=272}} Steven W. Holloway suggests the Neo-Assyrian Empire strived to adopt the cult of Sin, popular among the local population, for the sake of royal propaganda.{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=391}} It attained a particular importance in Assyria from the reign of [[Sargon II]] onward.{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=406}} [[Esarhaddon]] received astronomical reports from the ''[[Gala (priests)|galamāḫu]]'' ("chief lamentation priest") of Sin of Harran.{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=409}} [[Ashurbanipal]] renovated the Eḫulḫul and most likely took part in an ''[[akitu]]'' celebration in this city, possibly while returning from his campaign against [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]].{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=412}}

Royal cult of Sin in Harran ceased after the fall of Assyria,{{sfn|Groß|2014|p=145}} and after the defeat of [[Aššur-uballiṭ II]] his temple was looted by [[Nabopolassar]] and his [[Medes|Median]] allies (''[[Umman Manda|Ummanmanda]]'').{{sfn|Holloway|2002|p=418}} However, royal interest in it was revived later on in the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Neo-Babylonian period]] by [[Nabonidus]].{{sfn|Groß|2014|p=145}} His mother [[Adad-guppi]] most likely hailed from this city, and she was either a priestess of Sin or an upper class laywoman particularly devoted to this god.{{sfn|Weiershäuser|Novotny|2020|p=4}} It has been suggested that her personal devotion to the tutelary god of Harran influenced the religious outlook of her son.{{sfn|Hätinen|2021|p=202}} The rebuilding of Eḫulḫul started during the reign of Nabonidus, but it is not known if the project was complete by the time he was deposed by [[Cyrus the Great]] in 539 BCE.{{sfn|Weiershäuser|Novotny|2020|p=11}}

Harran retained importance as a religious site after the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire through the [[History of Persia|Persian]], [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic]] and [[Roman Empire|Roman]] periods,{{sfn|Green|1992|pp=44-73}} though references to it are less common than in earlier sources.{{sfn|Groß|2014|p=148}} Presumably the temple of Sin retained its form from the reign of Nabonidus under the Achaemenids, but it was most likely rebuilt under Greek rule.{{sfn|Blömer|2023|p=314}} Coins from the mint established in Harran in the late fourth century BCE under the rule of [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus]] are marked with a crescent, which is presumed to be an indication of continuation of the worship of Sin.{{sfn|Blömer|2023|p=312}}  Lunar symbols continued to appear on locally minted coins in the Roman period, with examples available from the reigns of [[Roman emperor]]s such as [[Lucius Verus]], [[Septimius Severus]] and [[Elagabalus]].{{sfn|Blömer|2023|p=316}}