Editing Sarajevo (section)

==Transportation==
===Roads and highways===
Sarajevo's location in a valley between mountains makes it a compact city. Narrow city streets and a lack of parking areas restrict automobile traffic but allow better pedestrian and cyclist mobility. The two main roads are [[Marshal Tito street (Sarajevo)|Titova Ulica]] (Street of [[Josip Broz Tito|Marshal Tito]]) and the east–west [[Husein Gradaščević|Zmaj od Bosne]] (Dragon of Bosnia) highway (E761). Located roughly at the center of the country, Sarajevo is Bosnia's main intersection. The city is connected to all the other major cities by highway or national road like [[Zenica]], [[Banja Luka]], [[Tuzla]], [[Mostar]], [[Goražde]] and [[Foča]].

Tourists from [[Central Europe]] and elsewhere visiting [[Dalmatia]] driving via [[Budapest]] through Sarajevo also contribute to the traffic congestion in and around Sarajevo. The trans-European highway, [[European route E73|Corridor Vc]], runs through Sarajevo connecting it to Budapest in the north, and [[Ploče]] at the Adriatic Sea in the south.<ref>[http://www.bosmal.com/en/?lg=en&nav_ID=14 Corridor 5C.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328012107/http://www.bosmal.com/en/?lg=en&nav_ID=14 |date=28 March 2008 }} Retrieved on 5 August 2006.</ref> The highway is being built by the [[Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina|government]] and should cost 3.5 billion [[Euro]]. Up until March 2012, the [[Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] invested around 600 million euros in the A1. In 2014, the sections Sarajevo-Zenica and Sarajevo-[[Tarčin]] were completed including the [[Sarajevo Beltway]] ring road.

===Tram, bus and trolleybus===
[[File:Sarajevo Stadler Tango NF3 009 May2024 (cropped).JPG|thumb|left|[[Trams in Sarajevo|Sarajevo tram]]]]

[[Trams in Sarajevo|Sarajevo's electric tramways]], in operation since 1884 and electrified since 1895, are the oldest form of public transportation in the city.<ref>Mary Sparks, The Development of Austro-Hungarian Sarajevo, 1878-1918: An Urban History [https://books.google.com/books?id=1gtCBAAAQBAJ&dq=electric+tram+sarajevo&pg=PA55] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417225007/https://books.google.ca/books?id=1gtCBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA55&dq=electric+tram+sarajevo&hl=en&sa=Xved=2ahUKEwiVnJ6o1onrAhUtoHIEHXlDDTAQ6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=electric%20tram%20sarajevo&f=false|date=17 April 2022}}</ref> Sarajevo had the first full-time (dawn to dusk) tram line in Europe, and the second in the world.<ref name="amazon1" /> Opened on [[New Year's Day]] in 1885, it was the testing line for the tram in [[Vienna]] and the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]], and operated by horses. Originally built to {{RailGauge|760mm|allk=on}}, the present system in 1960 was upgraded to {{RailGauge|1435mm|allk=on}}. The trams played a pivotal role in the growth of the city in the 20th century.

[[File:Sarajevo Bus Centrotrans Line-Dobrinja-Vijecnica 2011-09-28.jpg|thumb|right|[[MAN Truck & Bus|MAN]] Centrotrans bus]]

There are seven tramway lines supplemented by five [[trolleybus]] lines and numerous bus routes. The [[Sarajevo main railway station|main railway station]] in Sarajevo is in the north-central area of the city. From there, the tracks head west before branching off in different directions, including to industrial zones in the city. Sarajevo is undergoing a major infrastructure renewal; many highways and streets are being repaved, the tram system is undergoing modernization, and new bridges and roads are under construction. In January 2021, the city bought 25 new BKM 433 trolleybuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/biznis/potpisan-ugovor-za-nabavku-25-novih-trolejbusa-na-ulicama-sarajeva-ce-biti-krajem-godine/210115151|title=Potpisan ugovor za nabavku 25 novih trolejbusa: Na ulicama Sarajeva će biti krajem godine|date=15 January 2021|access-date=15 January 2021|language=bs|author=N.V.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref> [[Tramway track|Tram track]] renovation lasted from August 2021 to September 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/zavrsena-rekonstrukcija-pruge-krenuo-prvi-tramvaj-od-ilidze-do-bascarsije/230903065|title=Završena rekonstrukcija pruge: Krenuo prvi tramvaj od Ilidže do Baščaršije|date=3 September 2023|access-date=3 September 2023|language=bs|author=M.G.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref> The city also bought 15 new [[Stadler Tango]] trams in September 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/biznis/tramvaji-koje-nabavlja-vlast-u-sarajevu-kostaju-34-miliona-eura-prvi-ce-stici-za-dvije-godine/210901056|title=Tramvaji koje nabavlja vlast u Sarajevu koštaju 34 miliona eura, prvi će stići za dvije godine|date=1 September 2021|access-date=1 September 2021|language=bs|author=N.V.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref> The first tram arrived in December 2023, while the rest are expected to arrive by the summer of 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/biznis/investicije/u-sarajevo-dosao-prvi-od-15-novih-tramvaja-nakon-testiranja-bit-ce-pusten-u-redovan-saobracaj/231213201|title=U Sarajevo došao prvi od 15 novih tramvaja, nakon testiranja bit će pušten u redovan saobraćaj|date=14 December 2023|access-date=14 December 2023|language=bs|author=B.R.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref> An additional 10 new trams were bought, as well as 30 new buses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hocu.ba/indexphp/hocuinfo/ministar-steta-objasnio-kako-ce-funkcionisati-nocni-javni-prijevoz-u-sarajevu/|title=Ministar Šteta objasnio kako će funkcionisati noćni javni prijevoz u Sarajevu|date=25 December 2023|access-date=25 December 2023|language=bs|website=hocu.ba}}</ref>

===Railway===
[[File:Sarajevo Railway-Station 2011-10-01 (3).JPG|thumb|[[Sarajevo main railway station]]]]

The [[Sarajevo main railway station]] was built in 1882 for the [[narrow-gauge railway]]. After [[World War II]], it was decided to replace the old station by a new [[Functionalism (architecture)|functionalist]] building. The ceremonial completion of the station building took place in 1949. The station was electrified in 1967, as part of the early electrification program introduced in Bosnia up to 1969.

The [[Sarajevo–Ploče railway]] provides a connection to the [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic]] coast. It holds the distinction of being the first 25 kV AC-electrified country in the former Yugoslavia, followed by Croatia and Serbia. Once, the [[Narrow-gauge railways in Bosnia and Herzegovina#East Bosnian railway|East Bosnian railway]] connected Sarajevo to [[Belgrade]].

====Metro plans====
To solve traffic congestion in the city, Sarajevo-based architect Muzafer Osmanagić proposed a study called "Eco Energy 2010–2015", proposing a subway system underneath the bed of the river [[Miljacka]]. The first line of Metro Sarajevo would connect [[Baščaršija]] with [[Otoka, Sarajevo|Otoka]]. This line would cost some 150 million [[Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark|KM]] and be financed by the [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2010 |title=Metro rail in Sarajevo? |url=http://www.ekapija.ba/website/bih/page/366186_en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118002845/http://www.ekapija.ba/website/bih/page/366186_en |archive-date=18 November 2010 |access-date=24 September 2015 |website=ekapija.ba}}</ref>

===Airport===
[[File:Sarajevo Airport 1 2024.jpg|thumb|[[Sarajevo International Airport]]]]
[[Sarajevo International Airport]] {{airport codes|SJJ}} is just a few kilometers southwest of the city and was voted Best European Airport With Under 1,000,000 Passengers at the 15th Annual ACI-Europe in [[Munich]] in 2005.

The first regular flights to Sarajevo using an airfield in the suburb of [[Butmir]] began in 1930 when the domestic airliner [[Aeroput]] opened a regular route linking [[Belgrade]] to [[Podgorica]] through Sarajevo.<ref name="aeroput">[http://www.europeanairlines.no/drustvo-za-vazdusni-saobracaj-a-d-aeroput-1927-1948/ Drustvo za Vazdusni Saobracaj A D – Aeroput (1927–1948)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523020505/https://www.europeanairlines.no/drustvo-za-vazdusni-saobracaj-a-d-aeroput-1927-1948/ |date=23 May 2021 }} at europeanairlines.n</ref> Later, Aeroput opened a route that linked Sarajevo with [[Split, Croatia|Split]], [[Rijeka]], and [[Dubrovnik]], and in 1938, the first international flights were introduced when Aeroput extended the route Dubrovnik – Sarajevo – Zagreb to [[Vienna]], [[Brno]] and [[Prague]].<ref name="aeroput"/><ref>[http://www.sarajevotimes.com/aeroput-first-airline-landed-sarajevo/ Aeroput, the First Airline that Landed in Sarajevo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829125207/http://www.sarajevotimes.com/aeroput-first-airline-landed-sarajevo/ |date=29 August 2018 }} at sarajevotimes.com, 21-4-2014, retrieved 19-7-2014</ref> The airfield in Butmir remained in use until 1969.

The need for a new airport in Sarajevo, with an asphalt-concrete runway, was acknowledged in the mid-1960s when [[Jat Airways|JAT]], the Yugoslav national carrier at that time, began acquiring jet planes. The construction of the airport began in 1966 at its present location, not far from the old one.<ref name="jodogoairportassist.com">{{Cite web |title=Sarajevo International Airport Assist Services - JODOGO |url=https://www.jodogoairportassist.com/airports/sarajevo-international-airport |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=www.jodogoairportassist.com}}</ref>

Sarajevo Airport opened on 2 June 1969 for domestic traffic. In 1970, [[Frankfurt]] became the first international destination served. Most of the time the airport was a 'feeder' airport where passengers embarked for flights to Zagreb and Belgrade on their way to international destinations. Over time, the traffic volume steadily grew from 70,000 to 600,000 passengers a year.<ref name="jodogoairportassist.com"/> Later, during the [[Bosnian War]], the airport was used for [[United Nations|UN]] flights and humanitarian relief. Since the [[Dayton Agreement]] in 1995, the airport retook its role as the main air portal to Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In 2017, 957,971 passengers travelled through the airport, which was 61,4% of the total airport traffic in Bosnia and Herzegovina.<ref name="sarajevo-airport.ba">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sarajevo-airport.ba/statistika/statistics_archive_en.pdf |title=Sarajevo airport statistics: Flow – operations and pax – by month, 2001-2016 |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920044446/http://www.sarajevo-airport.ba/statistika/statistics_archive_en.pdf |archive-date=20 September 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://bhdca.gov.ba/index.php/en/ |title=Home page |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-date=27 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627033034/http://bhdca.gov.ba/index.php/en/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Plans for the extension of the passenger terminal, together with upgrading and expanding the taxiway and apron, started in the fall of 2012. The existing terminal was expanded by approximately {{cvt|7000|m2|0|abbr=off}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2011/09/sarajevo-expansion-to-begin-in-2012.html |title=EX-YU aviation news: Sarajevo expansion to begin in 2012 |publisher=Exyuaviation.blogspot.com |date=17 September 2011 |access-date=5 April 2012 |archive-date=22 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222160459/http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2011/09/sarajevo-expansion-to-begin-in-2012.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The upgraded airport was directly linked to the commercial retail center Sarajevo Airport Center, making it easier for tourists and travelers to spend their time before flight boarding shopping and enjoying the many amenities that are offered.<ref name="airportcentersarajevo.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.airportcentersarajevo.com/info.php |title=A new shopping experience in Sarajevo! |publisher=Airportcentersarajevo.com |access-date=5 April 2012 |archive-date=5 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105003825/http://www.airportcentersarajevo.com/info.php |url-status=dead}}</ref> Between 2015 and 2018, the airport was upgraded for more than 25 million euros.