Editing Porto Torres (section)

==Main sights==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2020}}

=== Churches ===
; [[Basilica of San Gavino|Basilica of St. Gavinus, St. Proto and St. Gianuario]] (1080)
[[File:Porto Torres - Basilica di San Gavino (20).JPG|alt=|thumb|Basilica of St. Gabinus, St. Proto and St. Gianuario]]
: Built using only hardstones like [[marble]], [[Porphyry (geology)|porphyry]] and [[granite]], is the largest [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] church in Sardinia built between 1065 and 1080 above the hill of "Monte Angellu" in one of the historical neighborhood of the town. The basilica was erected in the memory of St. Gavinus, St. Protus and St. Gianuario, beheaded during the 303 a.C under the governance of the emperor [[Diocletian]] and [[Maximian]]. Instead of the usual western facade and eastern apse, the cathedral sports two apses. The crypt holds several Roman sarcophagi.It was the main cathedral of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sassari]] until 1441.
; Church of Beata Vergine della Consolata (1826)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Littera|first=Marta|title=Chiesa della B.V. della Consolata|url=http://monumentiaperti.com/2018/monumenti/chiesa-della-consolata/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Monumenti Aperti|language=it-IT}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
: Neoclassic church built by the architect ''Giuseppe Cominotti'' (the same person who also built the Marquess's palace) in 1826. It was the main church of the historical seaport neighborhood, distinguished from the rural neighborhood of "Monte Angellu" situated near the Basilica of St.Gavinus.
; Church of San Gavino a Mare (1850)<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 November 2015|title=Chiesa di San Gavino a mare o Balai vicino|url=https://www.sardegnaturismo.it/it/esplora/chiesa-di-san-gavino-mare-o-balai-vicino|access-date=9 September 2020|website=SardegnaTurismo – Sito ufficiale del turismo della Regione Sardegna|language=it|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027120541/https://www.sardegnaturismo.it/it/esplora/chiesa-di-san-gavino-mare-o-balai-vicino|url-status=dead}}</ref>
: Also known as "Balai vicino" to distinguish it from the very similar church of ''Santu Bainzu Ischabizzaddu'', it is built near the beach of Balai. In that place St. Gavinus, St. Proto and St. Gianuario has been buried after the execution, inside the building there are the three loculi of the saints.
; Church of Santu Bainzu Ischabizzaddu<ref>{{Cite web|last=Torres|first=Comune di Porto|title=Chiesa di Santu Bainzu Ischabizzaddu o Balai Lontano|url=https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Chiesa-di-Santu-Bainzu-Ischabizzaddu-o-Balai-Lontano|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Comune di Porto Torres|language=it|archive-date=25 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025101514/https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Chiesa-di-Santu-Bainzu-Ischabizzaddu-o-Balai-Lontano|url-status=dead}}</ref>
: Also known as "Balai lontano" to distinguish it from the very similar church of ''San Gavino a Mare'', it is built in the place where the three saints has been [[Decapitation|beheaded]]. Built with [[limestone]], it seems to be a rebuild of a more ancient building. The name, literally "Church of the beheaded St. Gavinus " is because of, following the folk custom, in that place on 25 October 303 d.C., St. Gavinus was executed and, two days later, Proto and Gianuario did the same epilogue.
; Monumental cemetery of Cala D’Oliva<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hendel|first=Carlo|date=30 July 2019|title=Il cimitero di Cala D'Oliva|url=https://www.isola-asinara.it/il-cimitero-di-cala-doliva/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Isola Asinara|language=it-IT}}</ref>
: An ancient cemetery in the island of Asinara. The historical cemetery of Cala d'Oliva host the ancestors of the inhabitants of [[Stintino]]; the town founded in 1885 by the residents of Cala d'Oliva after the institution of the [[Penal colony|exile colony]] in the island of Asinara, which forced them to abandon their homes of their historical settlement.
; Austro-Hungarian chapel of St Ephysius and St Gavinus (1915)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sardegna DigitalLibrary – Cappella austro-ungarica di cala Reale|url=http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=626&id=206379|access-date=9 September 2020|website=www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it|language=it|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404165828/http://www.sardegnadigitallibrary.it/index.php?xsl=626&id=206379|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Hendel|first=Carlo|date=23 January 2019|title=Cappella austro ungarica di Cala Reale|url=https://www.isola-asinara.it/cappella-austro-ungarica-di-cala-reale/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Isola Asinara|language=it-IT}}</ref>
: Built by the austro-hungarians [[Prisoner of war|POW]] imprisoned in the exile colony of the Asinara in the period between 1915 and 1916. Artistically it was decorated by the hungarian prisoner ''György Nemess''.
; Italian cemetery of Campo Faro (1916)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=D-sign.it|title=I cimiteri italiano ed austro-ungarico nell'isola dell'Asinara. – Storia e Memoria di Bologna|url=https://www.storiaememoriadibologna.it/i-cimiteri-italiano-ed-austro-ungarico-nellisola-d-2823-luogo|access-date=9 September 2020|website=www.storiaememoriadibologna.it|language=it|archive-date=10 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110003241/https://www.storiaememoriadibologna.it/i-cimiteri-italiano-ed-austro-ungarico-nellisola-d-2823-luogo|url-status=dead}}</ref>
: During the [[WWI]] the island of Asinara was also a [[lazaretto]] for the italian soldiers affected by [[cholera]] during the campaign in [[Albania]]. In that period took place the history of the [[Bologna|bolognese]] soldiers of the "Brigata Savona" died before they can reach the island during their transport in the [[hospital ship]] "''Re d'Italia''". To distinguish the italian soldiers corpses from the austro-hungarian it was built a cemetery in the area of "Campo faro" and it was called "Italian cemetery".
; Austro-Hungarian Ossuary (1936)<ref name=":1" />
: An [[ossuary]] built in 1936 by the will of the Austrian government to keep the corpses of all the 7048 [[Austria-Hungary|austro-hungarian]] [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier|unidentified soldiers]] died during the detention in the penal colony during the WWI because of [[typhoid fever]] and [[cholera]].

=== Civil architectures ===
In the Porto Torres's [[comprehensive planning]] there are many civil buildings both of private propriety and owned by the comune that are considered historically significant.<ref name=":5" /> These buildings witness the urban and the economic development of the city through the centuries until the 1960s; period of the local golden age of the industrial development thanks to the [[Italian economic miracle]]. Many of these architectures, especially the industrial ones, are not fully restored and visitable.[[File:Asinara ospedale.jpg|thumb|Hospital of Cala Reale viewed by the street]] [[File:Porto Torres Palazzo del Marchese.jpg|thumb|Marquess's palace]]
* Marquess's palace, [[Neoclassical architecture|neoclassical]] palace built by ''Giuseppe Cominotti'', the same architect of the not so far church of the "[[Mary, mother of Jesus|Beata vergine della consolata]]";<ref>{{Cite web|last=Littera|first=Marta|title=Palazzo del Marchese|url=http://monumentiaperti.com/2016/monumenti/palazzo-del-marchese/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Monumenti Aperti|language=it-IT}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* Seaport museum (1872), an example of the [[industrial architecture]] of the 19th century. Originally used as a train station, now it is a museum;<ref>{{Cite web|last=Torres|first=Comune di Porto|title=Museo del Porto|url=https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Museo-del-Porto|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Comune di Porto Torres|language=it|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204173436/https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Museo-del-Porto|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The [[Antiquarium Turritano]] museum.
* Junior school E. De Amicis (1912), An historical full-working school building built by engineer ''Eugenio Serra.'' It is a full architectural example of the 19th-century Italian schools;<ref>{{Cite web|last=Littera|first=Marta|title=Scuola Elementare De Amicis|url=https://monumentiaperti.com/it/monumenti/scuola-elementare-de-amicis/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Monumenti Aperti|language=it-IT}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* Ferromin S.A. industrial complex, built in the early 20th century, it has been the main industrial complex of the town for decades until the [[liquidation]] of the "''[[S.A. (corporation)|Societá Anonima]] Ferromin''" in the 1960s;<ref>{{Cite web|last=Littera|first=Marta|title=Fornaci e area Ferromin|url=https://monumentiaperti.com/it/monumenti/fornaci-e-area-ferromin/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Monumenti Aperti|language=it-IT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sardegnaabbandonata|title=Vecchie fornaci, Porto Torres {{!}} Sardegna Abbandonata|url=https://www.sardegnaabbandonata.it/le-vecchie-fornaci-di-porto-torres/|access-date=9 September 2020|language=it-IT}}</ref>
* Porto Torres Marittima station (1872), late 19th-century building, terminal of the "Ozieri-Chilivani-Porto Torres Marittima" railway;
* Industrial complex "''Ex-cementeria Alba''" (1957), built during the industrial golden age by the engineer ''Messina'', it is a pure example of [[industrial archaeology]];<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sardegnaabbandonata|title=Alba Cementi, Porto Torres {{!}} Sardegna Abbandonata|url=https://www.sardegnaabbandonata.it/cementificio-di-porto-torres/|access-date=9 September 2020|language=it-IT}}</ref>
* Industrial complex "''Ex ferriera sarda''" (1959), another example of the industrialization of north Sardinia, built by the influent entrepreneurs family of the ''Salis'';<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sardegnaabbandonata|title=Ferriera Sarda, Porto Torres {{!}} Sardegna Abbandonata|url=https://www.sardegnaabbandonata.it/ferriera-sarda-porto-torres/|access-date=9 September 2020|language=it-IT}}</ref>
* Agricultural consortium of Via Sassari, An old [[consortium]] building that witness the agricultural past of the city. The historical storage buildings known as "''I Granai''" are now used as a mall;
* Hamlet of Cala d'Oliva, located in the [[Asinara]] it is the historical settlement abandoned at the end of the 19th century;
* Lighthouse of Punta Scorno (1854), located in the [[Asinara]], it is an ancient full-working lighthouse, one of the most ancient lighthouses of [[Sardinia]];
* Stoplight station of Punta Scorno;
* Royal Palace of Cala reale, the summer residence of the [[House of Savoy|Savoy]] during their residence in the [[Asinara]];
* Hospital of Cala Reale;
* Healthcare marittime quarantine station of Cala Reale, building used both as a [[lazaretto]] and a storage for the local healthcare.

=== Military architectures ===
; Air-raid shelter ''"ex caserma dei [[carabinieri]]"''  (1943)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2 March 2020|title=Porto Torres: rifugi antiaerei ripuliti da quintali di rifiuti|url=https://www.unionesarda.it/articolo/news-sardegna/sassari-provincia/2020/03/02/porto-torres-rifugi-antiaerei-ripuliti-da-quintali-di-rifiuti-136-993212.html|access-date=9 September 2020|website=L'Unione Sarda.it|language=it}}</ref>
: During the early WWII all the air-raid shelters in the town was barely used until may 1943, when the city was heavily bombed by the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]]. That air raid bombing, the worst that the city has suffered in the whole war period, was commonly remembered as "[[Palm Sunday]] bombing". For a long period of time this air raid shelter was left abandoned and in a heavy state of decay (same thing was for the ''air raid shelter "scuole de Amicis")'', only recently has been restored and opened to the public.
; Air-raid shelter ''"scuole De Amicis"<ref name=":2" />''
: Situated under the 1900s junior school E. de Amicis: like many others air-raid shelters of the town, it was used during the world war II in order to protect the civilians from the several air-raids of the time. In the present days it is used as an exposition gallery.
; Artillery outpost of the Roman bridge n° SR414 (1873)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Littera|first=Marta|title=Batteria antinave di Ponte romano|url=https://monumentiaperti.com/it/monumenti/batteria-antinave-di-ponte-romano/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Monumenti Aperti|language=it-IT}}</ref>
[[File:Casamatta Marinella.jpg|thumb|[[Casemate]] situated in the beach of the Marinella between the town and the industrial zone]]
: An outpost used until the second world war composed with several military installations 
; Castle of the Asinara<ref>{{Cite web|title=Torri costiere – Fortezza Castellaccio {{!}} Porto Torres|url=http://www.sardegnaambiente.it/index.php?xsl=612&s=189738&v=2&c=9448&idsito=23|access-date=9 September 2020|website=www.sardegnaambiente.it|language=it}}</ref>
: Also known as the "Castellaccio" it is an ancient medieval castle in the island of the Asinara. In the present days it is used as a fire protection outpost by the Asinara national park administration.
; Spanish towers (1323–1720)
:*Aragonese tower (1325)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Torres|first=Comune di Porto|title=Torre Aragonese|url=https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Torre-Aragonese|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Comune di Porto Torres|language=it|archive-date=16 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616203905/https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Torre-Aragonese|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Torre Cala d'Oliva Asinara.jpg|thumb|Tower of Cala d'Oliva]] [[File:Porto Torres - Torre di Abbacurrente (4).JPG|alt=|thumb|Tower of Abbacurrente]] [[File:Vista da una grata del carcere dell'Asinara.jpg|thumb|View from one of the penitentiary's cell]]
:*Tower of Abbacurrente (1571)
:*Tower of the Finance (1525)
:*Tower of Trabuccato (1609)
:*Tower of Cala d'Oliva (1611)
:*Tower of Cala d'Arena (1611)

; Asinara penitentiary complex (1885)<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Parco Nazionale dell'Asinara|url=http://www.parcoasinara.org/it/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=www.parcoasinara.org|language=it|archive-date=19 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819114825/http://www.parcoasinara.org/it|url-status=dead}}</ref>
: Known as the "Italian [[Alcatraz Island|Alcatraz]]", it became famous in Italy after a revolt happened during 2 October 1973. In the penitentiary of the Asinara has been detained the most dangerous criminals of the [[Sicilian Mafia]], the [[Camorra]], the [[Anonima sarda]] ant the [[Red Brigades]]. In more than one hundred years of activity the only prisoner who successfully escaped from the island penitentiary was the italian criminal ''Matteo Boe''. During the [[WWI]] and the [[WWII]] it was used as an exile colony for thousands of [[Prisoner of war|POW]] and [[political prisoner]]s. The penitentiary complex is composed by several sections located all around the island:
:*Penitentiary section "Bunker of Cala d'Oliva"
:*Penitentiary section of Cala d'Oliva
:*Penitentiary section of  Fornelli
:*Penitentiary section of Santa Maria
:*Penitentiary section of Tumbarino
:*Penitentiary section of  Campu Perdu
:*Penitentiary section of  Campo Faro
:*Penitentiary section of  Stretti
:*Penitentiary section of  Trabuccato
:*Penitentiary section of Case Bianche
:*Penitentiary section of  Elighe Mannu

=== Archaeological sites ===
; [[Nuraghe]]s
:*Nuraghe Biunisi
:*Nuraghe Monte Elva
:*Nuraghe Margone
:*Nuraghe Nieddu
; "''Turris Libisonis''" Archaeological park
:*[[Roman bridge]] of Rio Mannu<ref>{{Cite web|last=Torres|first=Comune di Porto|title=Ponte Romano|url=https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Ponte-Romano|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Comune di Porto Torres|language=it|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011230237/https://www.comune.porto-torres.ss.it/Comunicazione/Argomenti/Porto-Torres-Turismo/Da-visitare/Ponte-Romano|url-status=dead}}</ref>
:*Palace of the "Re Barbaro" and [[domus]] of [[Orpheus]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Littera|first=Marta|title=Area archeologica. Palazzo di Re Barbaro e Domus di Orfeo|url=https://monumentiaperti.com/it/monumenti/area-archeologica-palazzo-di-re-barbaro-e-domus-di-orfeo/|access-date=9 September 2020|website=Monumenti Aperti|language=it-IT}}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
:*Baths of Maetzke
:*Baths of Pallottino (III secolo d.C)
:*Mosaics's Domus (I secolo d.C.)
; Other sites
:*[[Necropolis]] of Su Crucifissu Mannu
:*[[Domus de Janas]] of Campu Perdu ([[Asinara]])
:*Hypogeum et Columbarium of Tanca Borgona (II secolo d.C.)
:*Hypogeum of Scoglio Lungo

=== Other ===
; Main plazas
:*[[Umberto I of Italy|Umberto I]] plaza, Main plaza of Porto Torres where there is located the Town Hall;
:*Plaza of the "Martiri Turritani".

=== Natural areas===
; Protected areas
:*[[Asinara National Park]];<ref name=":3" />
:*[[Marine protected area]] of the Asinara;<ref name=":3" />
:*Sanctuary of the [[marine mammal]]s.<ref name=":3" />
;Beaches
[[File:Cala Sabina, Isola Asinara.jpg|thumb|Cala Sabina, Isola Asinara]]
[[File:Spiaggia di Balai, Porto Torres (SS).jpg|alt=|thumb|Beach of Balai]]
:*Beach of Fiume Santo
:*Beach of Renaredda
:*Beach of the Scogliolungo
:*Beach of Acque Dolci
:*Beach of Balai
:*Beach of the Scoglio Ricco
:*Il Ponte
:*Beach of Abbacurrente
:*Beach of Farrizza
; Main parks
:*[[Gavinus|San Gavino]]'s park;
:*[[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Robert Baden-Powell]]'s park;
:*Pinewood "La Farrizza" .