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===Ukraine=== {{main|Verkhovna Rada}} Stemming from the tribal assemblies of the ancient Slavs, the ''viche'' (from Proto-Slavonic *větje, meaning 'council', 'counsel' or 'talk') functioned not only as a form of self-organization in cities of medieval [[Kievan Rusʹ]] but also as a form of protect against policies of the Princes.<ref>Yermolaiev, V. (2002). Viche in Kievan Rus: issues of competence (9th – middle of the 12th century). Bulletin of the Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine, No. 4, pp. 45–55. [In Ukrainian]</ref> The tradition of viche contributed to the culture of peaceful assemblies in contemporary Ukraine.<ref>Drozd, O., Romanov, M., Moroz, V., Stremenovskyi, S., & Zelenyi, V. (2022). The right of citizens to assemble peacefully, unarmed, to hold rallies and demonstrations: historical origins and genesis of formation. Amazonia Investiga, 11(51), 257-266. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.51.03.26</ref><ref>Emmanuel Karagiannis (2016) Ukrainian volunteer fighters in the eastern front: ideas, political-social norms and emotions as mobilization mechanisms, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 16:1, 139-153, DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2016.1148413</ref> The [[Sich Rada]] (council) was an institution of [[Zaporizhian Cossacks|Cossack administration]] from the 16th to the 18th century. With the establishment of the [[Cossack Hetmanate]] in 1648, it was officially known as the General Military Council, or [[Cossack Rada]], until 1750. The [[Central Council of Ukraine]], or the Central Rada, founded on March 4, 1917, was the All-Ukrainian council of the [[Ukrainian People's Republic]], which declared its full state independence in the [[Fourth Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council]] in 1918. The contemporary Ukrainian parliament is called the [[Verkhovna Rada]] of Ukraine.
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