Editing Milan (section)

=== Religion ===
[[File:Santa Maria delle Grazie Milan 2013.jpg|thumb|[[Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan|Santa Maria delle Grazie]], completed in 1497]]
[[File:Sant'Ambrogio (Milan) - Atrium.jpg|thumb|[[Basilica di Sant'Ambrogio|St. Ambrose Basilica]] dates back from AD 379–386.]]

Milan's population, like that of Italy as a whole, is mostly Catholic.<ref>{{Catholic-hierarchy|country|scit1|
Italy|21 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="PEW2018-RESEARCH">{{cite web|url=http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2018/05/24150841/Full-Topline-FINAL-FOR-PUBLICATION.pdf|title=Being Christian in Western Europe|date=2018|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=3 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802131920/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2018/05/24150841/Full-Topline-FINAL-FOR-PUBLICATION.pdf|archive-date=2 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is the seat of the Archdiocese of Milan. Greater Milan is also home to [[Protestant]], [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]], Jewish, [[Muslim]], [[Hinduism|Hindu]], [[Sikhism|Sikh]] and [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] communities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Christian Churches in Milan |url=https://www.yesmilano.it/esplora/itinerari/christian-churches-milan |website=Yesmilano.it |publisher=Milan Tourism Office |access-date=30 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230115613/https://www.yesmilano.it/esplora/itinerari/christian-churches-milan |archive-date=30 December 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mosaico-cem.it/ |title=Jewish Community of Milan |publisher=Mosaico-cem.it |access-date=13 March 2009 |archive-date=9 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309050537/http://www.mosaico-cem.it/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Povoledo |first=Elisabetta |title=What May Life in Italy Be Like Under the Right? These Immigrants Already Know |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/29/world/europe/italy-migrants-sesto-san-giovanni.html |access-date=30 December 2019 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=29 April 2018 |archive-date=30 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230180121/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/29/world/europe/italy-migrants-sesto-san-giovanni.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lankaramaya.com/ |title=Lankarama Buddhist Temple – Milan, Italy |publisher=Lankaramaya.com |access-date=13 March 2009 |archive-date=8 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508203144/http://www.lankaramaya.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Immigrants and religion in Italy: Orthodox overtake Muslims |url=https://www.ismu.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Immigrati-e-religioni-in-Italia-2017_27.3.2018-1.pdf |publisher=ISMU Foundation |access-date=1 January 2020 |archive-date=1 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101112757/https://www.ismu.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Immigrati-e-religioni-in-Italia-2017_27.3.2018-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Milan has been a Christian-majority city since the late Roman Empire.<ref>{{cite book |last=Alan |first=Kreider |title=The origins of Christendom in the West |date=2001 |publisher=T & T Clark |location=Edinburgh & New York |isbn=0-567-08776-X |page=56}}</ref> Its religious history was marked by the figure of St. Ambrose, whose heritage includes the [[Ambrosian Rite]] (Italian: ''Rito ambrosiano''), used by some five million Catholics in the greater part of the [[Archdiocese of Milan]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Bishop |first=William Chatterley |title=The Mozarabic and Ambrosian Rites: Four Essays in Comparative Liturgiology |date=1924 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |location=London |page=98}}</ref> which consider the largest in Europe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osservatoreromano.va/portal/dt?JSPTabContainer.setSelected=JSPTabContainer%2FDetail&last=false=&path=/news/editoriali/2012/direttore/128q12-Milano-laica-e-religiosa.html&title=Milano%20laica%20e%20religiosa&locale=it|title=Milano laica e religiosa|publisher=[[L'Osservatore Romano]]|language=it|date=3 June 2012|access-date=15 March 2013}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The Rite varies slightly from the canonical [[Roman Rite]] [[catholic liturgy|liturgy]], with differences in the mass, liturgical year ([[Lent]] starts four days later than in the Roman Rite), baptism, rite of funerals, priest clothes and sacred music (use of the [[Ambrosian chant]] rather than Gregorian).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01389a.htm |title=Catholic Encyclopedia: Ambrosian Chant |publisher=Newadvent.org |date=1 March 1907 |access-date=13 March 2009 |archive-date=12 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612195609/http://newadvent.org/cathen/01389a.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

In addition, the city is home to the largest Orthodox community in Italy. Lombardy is the seat of at least 78 Orthodox parishes and monasteries, the vast majority of them located in the area of Milan.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Monnot |first1=Christophe |last2=Stolz |first2=Joerg |title=Congregations in Europe |date=14 May 2018 |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3-319-77261-5 |page=63}}</ref> The main [[Romanian Orthodox]] church in Milan is the Catholic church of Our Lady of Victory (Chiesa di Santa Maria della Vittoria), currently granted for use to the local Romanian community.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chiesa di Santa Maria della Vittoria |url=http://www.turismo.milano.it/wps/portal/tur/en/arteecultura/architetturaemonumenti/abbaziechieseebasiliche/chiesa_santa_maria_vittoria |website=Yesmilano.it |publisher=Milan Tourism Office |access-date=29 December 2019 |archive-date=29 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229133946/http://www.turismo.milano.it/wps/portal/tur/en/arteecultura/architetturaemonumenti/abbaziechieseebasiliche/chiesa_santa_maria_vittoria |url-status=live }}</ref> Similarly, the point of reference for the followers of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] is the Catholic church of [[San Vito in Pasquirolo, Milan|San Vito in Pasquirolo]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Valli |first=Aldo Maria|title=Voi mi sarete testimoni: Dionigi Tettamanzi arcivescovo a Milano |date=2009|publisher=Rizzoli |location=Milan |isbn=978-88-17-03661-0 |edition=1.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Calvesi |first1=Maurizio |last2=Zuccari |first2= Alessandro|title=Da Caravaggio ai Caravaggeschi |date=2008 |publisher=CAM Editrice |location=Rome |isbn=978-88-904842-0-9 |page=63}}</ref>

The Jewish community of Milan is the second largest in Italy after Rome, with about 10,000 members, mainly [[Sephardi]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lerman |first1=Antony |last2=David M. |first2=Jacobs |last3=Lena |first3=Stanley-Clamps |last4=Anne |first4=Frankel |last5=Alan |first5=Montague |title=Jewish Communities of the World |year=1989 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited |isbn=978-1-349-10534-2 |page=94 |edition=4th}}</ref> The main city synagogue, Hechal David u-Mordechai Temple, was built by architect [[Luca Beltrami]] in 1892 and is also the community's main headquarters, is located in Via della Guastalla. The interior was renovated in 1997.

Milan hosts also one of the largest Muslim communities in Italy,<ref>{{cite book |last=Castelli Gattinara |first=Pietro |title=The politics of migration in Italy : perspectives on local debates and party competition |date=2016 |publisher=Rutledge |location=New York |isbn=978-1-138-64256-0 |page=68}}</ref> and the city saw the construction of the country's first new [[Mosque of Segrate|mosque]] featuring a dome and minaret, since the destruction of the ancient mosques of [[Lucera]] in the year 1300. In 2014 the City Council agreed on the construction of a new mosque amid bitter political debate, since it is strenuously opposed by right-wing parties such as the [[Northern League (Italy)|Northern League]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Modood |first1=Tariq |last2=Triandafyllidou |first2=Anna |last3=Zapata-Barrero |first3=Ricard |title=Multiculturalism, Muslims, and citizenship : a European approach |url=https://archive.org/details/multiculturalism00modo |url-access=limited |date=2006 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York |isbn=978-0-415-35514-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/multiculturalism00modo/page/n82 68]}}</ref> As of 2018, the Muslim population is estimated at 9% of the city's population.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep30904.4 |title=First Section: Data Regarding the Muslim Population in Italy |last=Martelli |first=Adelaide |date=2021 |publisher=International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) |pages=10–39}}</ref>

Currently, accurate statistics on the Hindu and Sikh presence in Milan metro area are not available; however, various sources estimate that about 40% of the total Indian population living in Italy, or about 50,000 individuals, reside in Lombardy,<ref>{{cite book |last=Rajan |first=S. Irudaya |title=India migration report 2018 : migrants in Europe |date=2019 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York |isbn=978-1-138-49816-7 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Giordan |first1=Giuseppe |last2=Swatos |first2=William H. |title=Testing pluralism : globalizing belief, localizing gods |date=2013 |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-25447-3 |page=82}}</ref> where a number of Hindu and Sikh temples exist and where they form the largest such communities in Europe after the ones in Britain.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hundal |first=Sunny |title=Why the Indian government must help Italian Sikhs |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/columns/why-the-indian-government-must-help-italian-sikhs/story-y3yJS6zWOqnYkkVsDuvvAJ.html |access-date=30 December 2019 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=4 August 2017 |archive-date=30 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230000930/https://www.hindustantimes.com/columns/why-the-indian-government-must-help-italian-sikhs/story-y3yJS6zWOqnYkkVsDuvvAJ.html |url-status=live }}</ref>