Editing Michelson–Morley experiment (section)

=== Experiments ===
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=antonini>{{cite journal |last1=Antonini |first1=P. |last2=Okhapkin |first2=M. |last3=Göklü |first3=E. |last4=Schiller |first4=S. |title=Test of constancy of speed of light with rotating cryogenic optical resonators |journal=Physical Review A |volume=71 |issue=5 |year=2005 |page=050101 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.71.050101|arxiv=gr-qc/0504109|bibcode = 2005PhRvA..71e0101A |s2cid=119508308 }}</ref>

<ref name=brillet>{{cite journal |last1=Brillet |first=A. |last2=Hall |first2=J. L. |title=Improved laser test of the isotropy of space|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=42 |pages=549–552 |year=1979 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.42.549|bibcode = 1979PhRvL..42..549B|issue=9 }}</ref>

<ref name=cedarholm>{{Cite journal |last1=Cedarholm |first=J. P. |last2=Bland |first2=G. F. |last3=Havens |first3=B. L. |last4=Townes |first4=C. H. |title=New Experimental Test of Special Relativity|journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=1 |issue=9 |pages=342–343 |year=1958 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.1.342 |bibcode = 1958PhRvL...1..342C |s2cid=26444427 }}</ref>

<ref name=cedarholm2>{{Cite journal|last1=Cedarholm |first1=J. P. |last2=Townes |first2=C. H. |title=New Experimental Test of Special Relativity |journal=Nature |volume=184 |issue=4696 |pages=1350–1351 |year=1959 |doi=10.1038/1841350a0|bibcode = 1959Natur.184.1350C |s2cid=26444427 }}</ref>

<!--ref name=desit>{{Citation|last=Sitter |first=Willem de |title=[[s:On the constancy of the velocity of light|On the constancy of the velocity of light]] |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=16 |issue=1 |year=1913 |pages=395–396}}</ref-->

<ref name=Eisele>{{cite journal |last1=Eisele |first=Ch. |last2=Nevsky |first2=A. Yu. |last3=Schillerv |first3=S. |title=Laboratory Test of the Isotropy of Light Propagation at the 10<sup>−17</sup> level |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=103 |issue=9|page=090401 |year=2009 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.090401 |bibcode=2009PhRvL.103i0401E|pmid=19792767 |s2cid=33875626 |url=http://www.exphy.uni-duesseldorf.de/Publikationen/2009/Eisele%20et%20al%20Laboratory%20Test%20of%20the%20Isotropy%20of%20Light%20Propagation%20at%20the%2010-17%20Level%202009.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.exphy.uni-duesseldorf.de/Publikationen/2009/Eisele%20et%20al%20Laboratory%20Test%20of%20the%20Isotropy%20of%20Light%20Propagation%20at%20the%2010-17%20Level%202009.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name=essen>{{Cite journal|last=Essen |first=L. |title=A New Æther-Drift Experiment |journal=Nature |volume=175 |issue=4462 |pages=793–794 |year=1955 |doi=10.1038/175793a0|bibcode = 1955Natur.175..793E |s2cid=4188883 }}</ref>

<ref name=Herrmann1>{{cite journal |last1=Herrmann |first=S. |last2=Senger |first2=A. |last3=Kovalchuk |first3=E. |last4=Müller |first4=H. |last5=Peters |first5=A. |title=Test of the Isotropy of the Speed of Light Using a Continuously Rotating Optical Resonator |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=95 |issue=15 |year=2005 |page=150401 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.150401 |arxiv=physics/0508097 |bibcode=2005PhRvL..95o0401H |pmid=16241700 |s2cid=15113821 }}</ref>

<ref name=Herrmann2>{{cite journal |last1=Herrmann |first1=S. |last2=Senger |first2=A. |last3=Möhle |first3=K. |last4=Nagel |first4=M. |last5=Kovalchuk |first5=E. V. |last6=Peters |first6=A. |title=Rotating optical cavity experiment testing Lorentz invariance at the 10<sup>−17</sup> level|journal=Physical Review D |volume=80 |issue=100|page=105011 |year=2009 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.80.105011 |arxiv=1002.1284 |bibcode = 2009PhRvD..80j5011H |s2cid=118346408 }}</ref>

<ref name=Illingworth>{{cite journal |last=Illingworth |first=K. K. |title=A Repetition of the Michelson–Morley Experiment Using Kennedy's Refinement|journal=Physical Review |volume=30 |issue=5 |year=1927 |pages=692–696 |doi=10.1103/PhysRev.30.692|bibcode = 1927PhRv...30..692I |url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/5885/1/ILLpr27.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://authors.library.caltech.edu/5885/1/ILLpr27.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name=Jaseja>{{cite journal |last1=Jaseja |first1=T. S. |last2=Javan |first2=A. |last3=Murray |first3=J. |last4=Townes |first4=C. H. |title=Test of Special Relativity or of the Isotropy of Space by Use of Infrared Masers|journal=Phys. Rev. |volume=133 |issue=5a |pages=1221–1225 |year=1964 |doi=10.1103/PhysRev.133.A1221 |bibcode = 1964PhRv..133.1221J }}</ref>

<ref name=joos>{{cite journal|last=Joos |first=G. |title=Die Jenaer Wiederholung des Michelsonversuchs |journal=Annalen der Physik |volume=399 |issue=4 |year=1930 |pages=385–407 |doi=10.1002/andp.19303990402 |bibcode = 1930AnP...399..385J }}</ref>

<ref name=Kennedy>{{cite journal|last=Kennedy |first=Roy J. |title=A Refinement of the Michelson–Morley Experiment |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=12 |issue=11 |year=1926 |pages=621–629 |doi=10.1073/pnas.12.11.621 |pmid=16577025 |bibcode = 1926PNAS...12..621K |pmc=1084733 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=KennedyThorndike>{{cite journal |last1=Kennedy |first1=R. J. |last2=Thorndike |first2=E. M. |title=Experimental Establishment of the Relativity of Time |journal=Phys. Rev. |year=1932 |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=400–408 |doi=10.1103/PhysRev.42.400|bibcode = 1932PhRv...42..400K }}</ref>

<ref name=michel1>{{Cite journal |last=Michelson |first=Albert A. |title=The Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether|journal = American Journal of Science |volume = 22 |issue=128 |year = 1881 |pages = 120–129 |doi=10.2475/ajs.s3-22.128.120|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1450060 |bibcode=1881AmJS...22..120M |s2cid=130423116 }}</ref>

<ref name=michel1a>{{Cite journal |last1=Michelson |first1=Albert A. |last2=Morley |first2=Edward W.|title=Influence of Motion of the Medium on the Velocity of Light|journal=Am. J. Sci.|volume=31|issue=185 |year=1886|pages=377–386 |doi=10.2475/ajs.s3-31.185.377|title-link=s:Influence of Motion of the Medium on the Velocity of Light |bibcode=1886AmJS...31..377M |s2cid=131116577 }}</ref>

<ref name=michel2>{{Cite journal |last1=Michelson |first1=Albert A. |last2=Morley |first2=Edward W.|title=On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether |journal=American Journal of Science |volume=34 |issue=203 |year=1887 |pages=333–345 |doi=10.2475/ajs.s3-34.203.333|title-link=s:On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether |bibcode=1887AmJS...34..333M |s2cid=124333204 }}</ref>

<ref name=michel3>{{cite journal |last1=Michelson |first1=Albert A. |last2=Morley |first2=Edward W. |title=On a method of making the wave-length of sodium light the actual and practical standard of length |journal=American Journal of Science |volume=34 |issue=204 |year=1887 |pages=427–430 |doi=10.2475/ajs.s3-34.204.427 |url=http://www.ajsonline.org/content/s3-34/204/427.full.pdf+html |bibcode=1887AmJS...34..427M |s2cid=130588977 |access-date=2015-01-02 |archive-date=2017-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611190714/http://www.ajsonline.org/content/s3-34/204/427.full.pdf+html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name=michel4>{{cite journal |last1=Michelson |first1=Albert A. |last2=Morley |first2=Edward W. |title=On the feasibility of establishing a light-wave as the ultimate standard of length |journal=American Journal of Science |volume=38 |issue=225 |year=1889 |pages=181–6 |doi=10.2475/ajs.s3-38.225.181 |s2cid=130479074 |url=http://www.ajsonline.org/content/s3-38/225/181.full.pdf+html |access-date=2015-01-02 |archive-date=2017-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117010332/http://www.ajsonline.org/content/s3-38/225/181.full.pdf+html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name=michel5>{{cite journal|last1=Michelson |first1=A. A. |last2=Pease |first2=F. G. |last3=Pearson |first3=F.|title=Results of repetition of the Michelson–Morley experiment |journal=Journal of the Optical Society of America |volume=18 |issue=3 |year=1929 |page=181 |bibcode = 1929JOSA...18..181M|doi=10.1364/josa.18.000181}}</ref>

<ref name=mill>{{cite journal|last=Miller |first=Dayton C.|title=Ether-Drift Experiments at Mount Wilson |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=11 |issue=6 |year=1925 |pages=306–314 |doi=10.1073/pnas.11.6.306|pmid=16587007|bibcode = 1925PNAS...11..306M |pmc=1085994 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name=morley1>{{cite journal |first1=Edward W. |last1=Morley |first2=Dayton C. |last2=Miller |name-list-style=amp |title=Extract from a Letter dated Cleveland, Ohio, August 5th, 1904, to Lord Kelvin from Profs. Edward W. Morley and Dayton C. Miller |journal=Philosophical Magazine |series=6 |volume=8 |issue=48 |year=1904 |pages=753–754 |doi=10.1080/14786440409463248|title-link=s:Letter to Lord Kelvin }}</ref>

<ref name=morley2>{{cite journal |first1=Edward W. |last1=Morley  |first2=Dayton C. |last2=Miller |name-list-style=amp |title=Report of an experiment to detect the Fitzgerald–Lorentz Effect |journal=Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |volume=XLI |issue=12 |year=1905 |pages=321–8 |doi=10.2307/20022071|title-link=s:Detect the Fitzgerald-Lorentz Effect |jstor=20022071 }}</ref>

<ref name=Muller2003>{{cite journal|last1=Müller |first1=H. |last2=Herrmann |first2=S. |last3=Braxmaier |first3=C. |last4=Schiller |first4=S. |last5=Peters |first5=A. |title=Modern Michelson–Morley experiment using cryogenic optical resonators |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=91 |issue=2 |page=020401 |year=2003 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.020401 |arxiv=physics/0305117 |bibcode=2003PhRvL..91b0401M|pmid=12906465|s2cid=15770750 }}</ref>

<ref name=Muller2007>{{cite journal |last1=Müller |first=H. |last2=Stanwix |first2=Paul L. |last3=Tobar |first3=M. E. |last4=Ivanov |first4=E. |last5=Wolf |first5=P. |last6=Herrmann |first6=S. |last7=Senger |first7=A. |last8=Kovalchuk |first8=E. |last9=Peters |first9=A. |title=Relativity tests by complementary rotating Michelson–Morley experiments|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=99 |issue=5 |page=050401 |year=2007 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.050401 |arxiv=0706.2031 |bibcode=2007PhRvL..99e0401M |pmid=17930733 |s2cid=33003084 }}</ref>

<ref name=Nagel>{{cite journal |last1=Nagel |first1=M. |last2=Parker |first2=S. |last3=Kovalchuk |first3=E. |last4=Stanwix |first4=P. |last5=Hartnett |first5=J. V. |last6=Ivanov |first6=E. |last7=Peters |first7=A. |last8=Tobar |first8=M. |title=Direct terrestrial test of Lorentz symmetry in electrodynamics to 10<sup>−18</sup>|journal=Nature Communications |volume=6 |page=8174 |year=2015 |doi=10.1038/ncomms9174 |pmid=26323989 |pmc=4569797 |arxiv=1412.6954|bibcode=2015NatCo...6.8174N }}</ref>

<ref name=piccard1>{{cite journal|last1=Piccard |first1=A. |last2=Stahel |first2=E. |title=L'expérience de Michelson, réalisée en ballon libre|journal=Comptes Rendus |volume=183 |issue=7 |year=1926 |pages=420–421 |url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3136h/f420}}</ref>

<ref name=piccard2>{{cite journal |last1=Piccard |first=A. |last2=Stahel |first2=E. |title=Nouveaux résultats obtenus par l'expérience de Michelson |journal=Comptes Rendus |volume=184 |year=1927 |page=152 |url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3137t/f152}}</ref>

<ref name=piccard3>{{cite journal |last1=Piccard  |first=A. |last2=Stahel |first2=E. |title=L'absence du vent d'éther au Rigi|journal=Comptes Rendus |volume=184 |year=1927 |pages=1198–1200 |url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k31384/f1198}}</ref>

<ref name=shamir>{{cite journal|last1=Shamir |first=J. |last2=Fox |first2=R. |title= A new experimental test of special relativity|journal=Il Nuovo Cimento B|volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=258–264 |year=1969 |doi=10.1007/BF02710136 |bibcode = 1969NCimB..62..258S |s2cid=119046454 }}</ref>

<ref name=stanwix>{{cite journal|last1=Stanwix |first=P. L. |last2=Tobar |first2=M. E. |last3=Wolf |first3=P. |last4=Susli |first4=M. |last5=Locke |first5=C. R. |last6=Ivanov |first6=E. N. |last7=Winterflood |first7=J. |last8=Kann |first8=van F. |title=Test of Lorentz Invariance in Electrodynamics Using Rotating Cryogenic Sapphire Microwave Oscillators|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=95 |issue=4 |year=2005 |page=040404 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.040404|arxiv=hep-ph/0506074 |bibcode=2005PhRvL..95d0404S |pmid=16090785 |s2cid=14255475 }}</ref>

<ref name=stanwix2>{{cite journal |last1=Stanwix |first=P. L. |last2=Tobar |first2=M. E. |last3=Wolf |first3=P. |last4=Locke |first4=C. R. |last5=Ivanov |first5=E. N. |title=Improved test of Lorentz invariance in electrodynamics using rotating cryogenic sapphire oscillators|journal=Physical Review D |volume=74 |issue=8 |year=2006 |page=081101 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.74.081101 |arxiv=gr-qc/0609072 |bibcode=2006PhRvD..74h1101S |s2cid=3222284 }}</ref>

<ref name=Tomaschek>{{cite journal|last=Tomaschek |first=R. |title=Über das Verhalten des Lichtes außerirdischer Lichtquellen|journal=Annalen der Physik |volume=378 |issue=1 |year=1924 |pages=105–126 |doi=10.1002/andp.19243780107|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k153753/f115|bibcode = 1924AnP...378..105T }}</ref>

<ref name=trimmer>{{cite journal |last1=Trimmer |first=William S. |last2=Baierlein |first2=Ralph F. |last3=Faller |first3=James E. |last4=Hill |first4=Henry A. |title=Experimental Search for Anisotropy in the Speed of Light|journal=Physical Review D|volume=8 |issue=10 |pages=3321–3326 |year=1973 |doi= 10.1103/PhysRevD.8.3321|bibcode = 1973PhRvD...8.3321T }}</ref>

<ref name=trimmer2>{{cite journal|last1=Trimmer |first=William S. |last2=Baierlein |first2=Ralph F. |last3=Faller |first3=James E. |last4=Hill |first4=Henry A. |title=Erratum: Experimental search for anisotropy in the speed of light|journal=Physical Review D|volume=9|issue=8|pages=2489|year=1974|doi= 10.1103/PhysRevD.9.2489.2|bibcode = 1974PhRvD...9R2489T |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=wolf1>{{cite journal |last=Wolf |title=Tests of Lorentz Invariance using a Microwave Resonator |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=90 |issue=6 |year=2003 |page=060402 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.060402 |arxiv=gr-qc/0210049 |bibcode=2003PhRvL..90f0402W |pmid=12633279 |display-authors=etal|url=https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/101285/3/hdl_101285.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/101285/3/hdl_101285.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|hdl=2440/101285 |s2cid=18267310 }}</ref>

<ref name=wolf2>{{cite journal|last1=Wolf |first=P. |last2=Tobar |first2=M. E. |last3=Bize |first3=S. |last4=Clairon |first4=A. |last5=Luiten |first5= A. N. |last6=Santarelli |first6=G. |title=Whispering Gallery Resonators and Tests of Lorentz Invariance|journal=General Relativity and Gravitation |volume=36 |issue=10 |year=2004 |pages=2351–2372 |doi=10.1023/B:GERG.0000046188.87741.51|arxiv=gr-qc/0401017|bibcode = 2004GReGr..36.2351W |s2cid=8799879 }}</ref>

<ref name=wolf3>{{cite journal|last1=Wolf |first=P. |last2=Bize |first2=S. |last3=Clairon |first3=A. |last4=Santarelli |first4=G. |last5=Tobar |first5=M. E. |last6=Luiten |first6=A. N. |title=Improved test of Lorentz invariance in electrodynamics|journal=Physical Review D|volume=70|issue=5|year=2004|page=051902|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.70.051902|arxiv=hep-ph/0407232|bibcode = 2004PhRvD..70e1902W |url=https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/101283/3/hdl_101283.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/101283/3/hdl_101283.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|hdl=2440/101283 |s2cid=19178203 }}</ref>
}}