Editing Megabat (section)

===Behavior and social systems===
[[File:Flying foxes.png|thumb|alt=A colony of megabats roosting in a tree during the daytime. They appear as black shapes evenly dispersed throughout the canopy of the tree.|A group of roosting megabats of the genus ''Pteropus'']]
Many megabat species are highly [[gregarious]] or social. Megabats will vocalize to communicate with each other, creating noises described as "trill-like bursts of sound",<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.3161/150811012X661729|title=Vocalizations in the Malagasy Cave-Dwelling Fruit Bat, Eidolon dupreanum: Possible Evidence of Incipient Echolocation?|last1=Schoeman| first1= M. C.| last2= Goodman| first2= S. M. |journal=Acta Chiropterologica|volume=14|issue=2|page=409|year=2012|s2cid=86613252}}</ref> honking,<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.batcon.org/resources/media-education/bats-magazine/bat_article/1500| title=Hammer-headed Fruit Bat| volume=34| issue=1| magazine=BATS Magazine| year=2015| access-date=30 May 2019}}</ref> or loud, bleat-like calls<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1093/mspecies/sex007|title=Nyctimene robinsoni (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)|journal=[[Mammalian Species]]|volume=49|issue=949|pages=68–75|year=2017|last1=Loveless|first1=A. M.|last2=McBee|first2=K.|s2cid=89828640|doi-access=free}}</ref> in various genera. At least one species, the Egyptian fruit bat, is capable of a kind of [[vocal learning]] called vocal production learning, defined as "the ability to modify vocalizations in response to interactions with conspecifics".<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Prat|first1=Yosef|last2=Taub|first2=Mor|last3=Yovel|first3=Yossi|date=2015|title=Vocal learning in a social mammal: Demonstrated by isolation and playback experiments in bats|journal=Science Advances|language=en|volume=1|issue=2|pages=e1500019|doi=10.1126/sciadv.1500019|issn=2375-2548|pmc=4643821|pmid=26601149|bibcode=2015SciA....1E0019P}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.3758/s13423-016-1060-3|pmid=27368623|pmc=5325843|title=What bats have to say about speech and language|journal=[[Psychonomic Bulletin & Review]]|volume=24|issue=1|pages=111–117|year=2017|last1=Vernes|first1=S. C.}}</ref> Young Egyptian fruit bats are capable of acquiring a [[dialect]] by listening to their mothers, as well as other individuals in their colonies. It has been postulated that these dialect differences may result in individuals of different colonies communicating at different frequencies, for instance.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Prat|first1=Yosef|last2=Azoulay|first2=Lindsay|last3=Dor|first3=Roi|last4=Yovel|first4=Yossi|date=2017|title=Crowd vocal learning induces vocal dialects in bats: Playback of conspecifics shapes fundamental frequency usage by pups|journal=PLOS Biology|language=en|volume=15|issue=10|pages=e2002556|doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.2002556|issn=1545-7885|pmc=5663327|pmid=29088225 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-scientist.com/notebook/what-bat-quarrels-tell-us-about-vocal-learning-30141| title=What Bat Quarrels Tell Us About Vocal Learning| last=Zimmer| first=K.| date=1 January 2018| access-date=23 May 2019|website=The Scientist}}</ref>

Megabat social behavior includes using sexual behaviors for more than just reproduction. Evidence suggests that female Egyptian fruit bats take food from males in exchange for sex. Paternity tests confirmed that the males from which each female scrounged food had a greater likelihood of fathering the scrounging female's offspring.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.066|pmid=31130455|title=Food for Sex in Bats Revealed as Producer Males Reproduce with Scrounging Females|journal=Current Biology|volume=29|issue=11|pages=1895–1900.e3|year=2019|last1=Harten|first1=L.|last2=Prat|first2=Y.|last3=Ben Cohen|first3=S.|last4=Dor|first4=R.|last5=Yovel|first5=Y.|s2cid=162183551|doi-access=free|bibcode=2019CBio...29E1895H }}</ref>
Homosexual fellatio has been observed in at least one species, the [[Bonin flying fox]] (''Pteropus pselaphon'').<ref name="Sugita 2016">{{cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0166024|pmid=27824953|pmc=5100941|title=Homosexual Fellatio: Erect Penis Licking between Male Bonin Flying Foxes Pteropus pselaphon|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=11|issue=11|page=e0166024|year=2016|last1=Sugita|first1=N.|bibcode=2016PLoSO..1166024S|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Tan 2009">{{cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0007595|pmid=19862320|pmc=2762080|title=Fellatio by Fruit Bats Prolongs Copulation Time|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=4|issue=10|page=e7595|year=2009|last1=Tan|first1=M.|last2=Jones|first2=G.|last3=Zhu|first3=G.|last4=Ye|first4=J.|last5=Hong|first5=T. |last6=Zhou|first6=S. |last7=Zhang|first7=S. |last8=Zhang|first8=L. |bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.7595T|doi-access=free}}</ref> This same-sex fellatio is hypothesized to encourage colony formation of otherwise-antagonistic males in colder climates.<ref name="Sugita 2016"/><ref name="Tan 2009"/>

Megabats are mostly [[nocturnal]] and [[crepuscular]], though some have been observed flying during the day.<ref name="Nowak 1994">{{cite book| last1= Nowak| first1= R. M.| last2= Walker| first2= E. P.| last3= Kunz| first3= T. H.| last4= Pierson| first4= E. D.| year= 1994| title= Walker's bats of the world| publisher= JHU Press| page= [https://archive.org/details/walkersbatsofwor00rona/page/49 49]| isbn= 9780801849862| url-access= registration| url= https://archive.org/details/walkersbatsofwor00rona/page/49}}</ref> A few island species and subspecies are [[diurnality|diurnal]], hypothesized as a response to a lack of [[predators]].
Diurnal taxa include a subspecies of the [[black-eared flying fox]] (''Pteropus melanotus natalis''), the [[Mauritian flying fox]] (''Pteropus niger''), the [[Caroline flying fox]] (''Pteropus molossinus''), a subspecies of ''[[Pteropus pelagicus]]'' (''P. p. insularis''), and the [[Seychelles fruit bat]] (''Pteropus seychellensis'').<ref name="Pierson 1992"/>{{rp|9}}

====Roosting====
A 1992 summary of forty-one megabat genera noted that twenty-nine are tree-roosting genera. A further eleven genera roost in caves, and the remaining six genera roost in other kinds of sites (human structures, mines, and crevices, for example). Tree-roosting species can be solitary or highly [[colony (biology)|colonial]], forming aggregations of up to one million individuals. Cave-roosting species form aggregations ranging from ten individuals up to several thousand. Highly colonial species often exhibit roost fidelity, meaning that their trees or caves may be used as roosts for many years. Solitary species or those that aggregate in smaller numbers have less fidelity to their roosts.<ref name="Mickleburgh"/>{{rp|2}}