Editing Juris Doctor (section)

====Japan====
In [[Japan]] the JD is known as {{Nihongo|'''Homu Hakushi'''|法務博士|hōmu hakushi}}.<ref>
{{cite report
 |publisher=Justice System Reform Council
 |year=2001
 |title=For a Justice System to Support Japan in the 21st&nbsp;Century
}}
</ref> The program generally lasts three years. Two-year JD programs for applicants with legal knowledge (mainly undergraduate level law degree holders) are also offered. This curriculum is professionally oriented,<ref>
{{cite web
 |title=Program Introduction and Dean's Message
 |publisher=Yokohama National University Law School
 |url=http://www.iblaw.ynu.ac.jp/english/law/program_i.html
 |access-date=7 April 2008
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910032346/http://www.iblaw.ynu.ac.jp/english/law/program_i.html
 |archive-date=10 September 2009
}}
</ref> but does not provide the education sufficient for a license to practice as an [[Attorneys in Japan|attorney in Japan]]. All candidates for licensing must undertake a 12-month practical training by the Legal Training and Research Institute after passing the bar examination.<ref>
{{cite conference
 |last=Foote |first=D.
 |year=2005
 |title=Justice system reform in Japan
 |conference=Annual meeting of the Research of Sociology of Law
 |place=Paris, FR
 |publisher=European Network on Law and Society
 |url=http://www.reds.msh-paris.fr/communication/docs/foote.pdf
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090320130621/http://www.reds.msh-paris.fr/communication/docs/foote.pdf
 |archive-date=20 March 2009
}}
</ref> Similarly to the United States, the Juris Doctor is classed as a {{Nihongo|professional degree|専門職|senmonshoku}} in Japan, which is separate from the academic class of postgraduate master's degrees and doctorates.<ref>{{cite web
 |title=Degree Regulations of Nagoya University
 |publisher=[[Nagoya University]]
 |url=http://jalii.law.nagoya-u.ac.jp/stuwork/nurule416_104-420_109-a.html
 |access-date=16 September 2016
 |archive-date=27 August 2016
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827012132/http://jalii.law.nagoya-u.ac.jp/stuwork/nurule416_104-420_109-a.html
 |url-status=live
 }}</ref><ref>
{{cite report
 |title=Kobe University degree regulations
 |publisher=[[Kobe University]]
 |url=http://www.kobe-u.ac.jp/documents/en/about-kobe-university/info-disclosure/Kobe%2520University%2520Degree%2520Regulations.pdf
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224144134/https://www.kobe-u.ac.jp/documents/en/about-kobe-university/info-disclosure/Kobe%20University%20Degree%20Regulations.pdf
 |archive-date=24 February 2021
 |access-date=16 September 2016 |url-status=dead
}}
</ref>