Editing Inertial confinement fusion (section)

===National Ignition Facility===
[[File:U.S. Department of Energy - Science - 115 057 004 (17974887118).jpg|thumb|National Ignition Facility target chamber]]
The resulting 192-beam design, dubbed the [[National Ignition Facility]], started construction at LLNL in 1997. NIF's main objective is to operate as the flagship experimental device of the so-called [[Stockpile stewardship|nuclear stewardship program]], supporting LLNLs traditional bomb-making role. Completed in March 2009,<ref>{{cite web |first=Bob |last=Hirschfeld |url=https://publicaffairs.llnl.gov/news/news_releases/2009/NR-NNSA-09-03-06.html |title=DOE announces completion of world's largest laser |publisher=Publicaffairs.llnl.gov |date=March 31, 2009 |access-date=2014-08-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527190408/https://publicaffairs.llnl.gov/news/news_releases/2009/NR-NNSA-09-03-06.html |archive-date=May 27, 2010 }}</ref> NIF experiments set new records for power delivery by a laser.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8485669.stm| title=Laser fusion test results raise energy hopes| work=BBC News| author=Jason Palmer| date=2010-01-28| access-date=2010-01-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://publicaffairs.llnl.gov/news/news_releases/2010/NR-10-01-06.html| title=Initial NIF experiments meet requirements for fusion ignition| publisher=[[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]]| date=2010-01-28| access-date=2010-01-28| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527171341/https://publicaffairs.llnl.gov/news/news_releases/2010/NR-10-01-06.html| archive-date=2010-05-27}}</ref> As of September 27, 2013, for the first time fusion energy generated was greater than the energy absorbed into [[Deuterium–tritium fusion|deuterium–tritium]] fuel.<ref>{{cite journal |author =Philip Ball |title =Laser fusion experiment extracts net energy from fuel |pages =12–27 |journal =[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |date =12 February 2014 |url =http://www.nature.com/news/laser-fusion-experiment-extracts-net-energy-from-fuel-1.14710 |doi =10.1038/nature.2014.14710|s2cid =138079001 | access-date =2014-02-13 |author-link =Philip Ball }}</ref><ref name="milestone">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-24429621|title=Nuclear fusion milestone passed at US lab|date=7 October 2013|work=BBC News|quote=fusion reaction exceeded the amount of energy being absorbed by the fuel|access-date=8 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hurricane |first1=O. A. |last2=Callahan |first2=D. A.|author2-link=Debra Callahan |last3=Casey |first3=D. T. |last4=Celliers |first4=P. M. |last5=Cerjan |first5=C. |last6=Dewald |first6=E. L. |last7=Dittrich |first7=T. R. |last8=Döppner |first8=T. |last9=Hinkel |first9=D. E. |last10=Hopkins |first10=L. F. Berzak |last11=Kline |first11=J. L. |last12=Le Pape |first12=S. |last13=Ma |first13=T. |last14=MacPhee |first14=A. G. |last15=Milovich |first15=J. L. |date=2014-02-20 |title=Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13008 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=506 |issue=7488 |pages=343–348 |doi=10.1038/nature13008 |pmid=24522535 |bibcode=2014Natur.506..343H |s2cid=4466026 |issn=0028-0836}}</ref> In June, 2018 NIF announced record production of 54kJ of fusion energy output.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.llnl.gov/news/nif-achieves-record-double-fusion-yield| title=NIF achieves record double fusion yield| publisher=[[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]]| date=2018-06-13| access-date=2019-11-11}}</ref> On August 8, 2021<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scitechdaily.com/nuclear-fusion-energy-breakthrough-ignition-confirmed-in-record-1-3-megajoule-shot/amp/|title=Nuclear Fusion Energy Breakthrough: Ignition Confirmed in Record 1.3 Megajoule Shot|date=August 14, 2022|first1=Lawrence|last1=Livermore}}</ref> the NIF produced 1.3MJ of output, 25x higher than the 2018 result, generating 70% of the break-even definition of ignition - when energy out equals energy in.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2021-09-28|title=Fusion news ignites optimism|journal=Nature Photonics|language=en|volume=15|issue=10|pages=713|doi=10.1038/s41566-021-00890-z|bibcode=2021NaPho..15..713.|issn=1749-4893|doi-access=free}}</ref>
As of December 2022, the NIF claims<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fusion Energy Breakthrough Scam {{!}} New Energy Times |url=https://news.newenergytimes.net/2022/12/11/fusion-energy-breakthrough-scam/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=news.newenergytimes.net}}</ref> to have become the first fusion experiment to achieve [[Fusion energy gain factor#Scientific breakeven at NIF|scientific breakeven]] on December 5, 2022, with an experiment producing 3.15 megajoules of energy from a 2.05 megajoule input of laser light (somewhat less than the energy needed to boil 1&nbsp;kg of water) for an energy gain of about 1.5.<ref name="igntion2022-llnl">{{Cite web |title=National Ignition Facility achieves fusion ignition |url=https://www.llnl.gov/news/national-ignition-facility-achieves-fusion-ignition |access-date=December 13, 2022 |website=www.llnl.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=DOE National Laboratory Makes History by Achieving Fusion Ignition |url=https://www.energy.gov/articles/doe-national-laboratory-makes-history-achieving-fusion-ignition |access-date=December 13, 2022 |website=Energy.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |newspaper=The New York Times |title=Scientists Achieve Nuclear Fusion Breakthrough With Blast of 192 Lasers |author=Kenneth Chang |date=December 13, 2022 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/13/science/nuclear-fusion-energy-breakthrough.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Bush |first1=Evan |last2=Lederman |first2=Josh |date=December 13, 2022 |title=We have 'ignition': Fusion breakthrough draws energy gain |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/science/science-news/fusion-breakthrough-net-energy-gain-rcna61326 |access-date=December 13, 2022 |website=[[NBC News]]}}</ref>