Editing Hippocampus (section)

===Dementia===
In [[Alzheimer's disease]] (and other forms of [[dementia]]), the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dubois B, Hampel H, Feldman HH, Scheltens P, Aisen P, Andrieu S, Bakardjian H, Benali H, Bertram L, Blennow K, Broich K, Cavedo E, Crutch S, Dartigues JF, Duyckaerts C, Epelbaum S, Frisoni GB, Gauthier S, Genthon R, Gouw AA, Habert MO, Holtzman DM, Kivipelto M, Lista S, Molinuevo JL, O'Bryant SE, Rabinovici GD, Rowe C, Salloway S, Schneider LS, Sperling R, Teichmann M, Carrillo MC, Cummings J, Jack CR | title = Preclinical Alzheimer's disease: Definition, natural history, and diagnostic criteria | journal = Alzheimer's & Dementia | volume = 12 | issue = 3 | pages = 292–323 | date = March 2016 | pmid = 27012484 | pmc = 6417794 | doi = 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.02.002 }}</ref>
[[short-term memory|short-term memory loss]] and [[disorientation]] are included among the early symptoms. [[Amyloid beta]] deposits begin in the [[frontal lobes]] before the signs of [[neurofibrillary tangle]]s are seen in the hippocampus.<ref name="Hayat">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hayat M, Syed RA, Qaiser H, Uzair M, Al-Regaiey K, Khallaf R, Albassam LA, Kaleem I, Wang X, Wang R, Bhatti MS, Bashir S |title=Decoding molecular mechanisms: brain aging and Alzheimer's disease |journal=Neural Regen Res |volume=20 |issue=8 |pages=2279–2299 |date=August 2025 |pmid=39104174 |pmc=11759015 |doi=10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01403 |doi-access=free |url=}}</ref> Damage to the hippocampus can also result from oxygen starvation ([[hypoxia (medical)|hypoxia]]), [[encephalitis]], or [[medial temporal lobe epilepsy]]. People with extensive, bilateral hippocampal damage may experience [[anterograde amnesia]]: the inability to form and retain new [[memory|memories]].
Dementia, is very often caused by [[cerebral ischemia]], that is believed to trigger changes in the hippocampus. Changes in [[Hippocampal subfields|CA1]], the hippocampal area that underlies [[episodic memory]], cause episodic memory impairment, the earliest symptom of post-ischemic dementia.<ref name="Pluta">{{cite web |title=Cerebral Ischemia |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK575741/ |publisher=Exon Publications |access-date=6 January 2025 |date=2021}}</ref>