Editing Enigma machine (section)

=== Example enciphering process ===
The character substitutions by the Enigma machine as a whole can be expressed as a string of letters with each position occupied by the character that will replace the character at the corresponding position in the alphabet. For example, a given machine configuration that enciphered A to L, B to U, C to S, ..., and Z to J could be represented compactly as

 LUSHQOXDMZNAIKFREPCYBWVGTJ

and the enciphering of a particular character by that configuration could be represented by highlighting the enciphered character as in

 D > LUS(H)QOXDMZNAIKFREPCYBWVGTJ

Since the operation of an Enigma machine enciphering a message is a series of such configurations, each associated with a single character being enciphered, a sequence of such representations can be used to represent the operation of the machine as it enciphers a message. For example, the process of enciphering the first sentence of the main body of the famous "Dönitz message"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cryptomuseum.com/crypto/enigma/msg/p1030681.htm|title=Message from Dönitz&nbsp;— 1 May 1945|access-date=27 November 2018}}</ref> to

 RBBF PMHP HGCZ XTDY GAHG UFXG EWKB LKGJ

can be represented as

 0001 F > KGWNT(R)BLQPAHYDVJIFXEZOCSMU CDTK 25 15 16 26
 0002 O > UORYTQSLWXZHNM(B)VFCGEAPIJDK CDTL 25 15 16 01
 0003 L > HLNRSKJAMGF(B)ICUQPDEYOZXWTV CDTM 25 15 16 02
 0004 G > KPTXIG(F)MESAUHYQBOVJCLRZDNW CDUN 25 15 17 03
 0005 E > XDYB(P)WOSMUZRIQGENLHVJTFACK CDUO 25 15 17 04
 0006 N > DLIAJUOVCEXBN(M)GQPWZYFHRKTS CDUP 25 15 17 05
 0007 D > LUS(H)QOXDMZNAIKFREPCYBWVGTJ CDUQ 25 15 17 06
 0008 E > JKGO(P)TCIHABRNMDEYLZFXWVUQS CDUR 25 15 17 07
 0009 S > GCBUZRASYXVMLPQNOF(H)WDKTJIE CDUS 25 15 17 08
 0010 I > XPJUOWIY(G)CVRTQEBNLZMDKFAHS CDUT 25 15 17 09
 0011 S > DISAUYOMBPNTHKGJRQ(C)LEZXWFV CDUU 25 15 17 10
 0012 T > FJLVQAKXNBGCPIRMEOY(Z)WDUHST CDUV 25 15 17 11
 0013 S > KTJUQONPZCAMLGFHEW(X)BDYRSVI CDUW 25 15 17 12
 0014 O > ZQXUVGFNWRLKPH(T)MBJYODEICSA CDUX 25 15 17 13
 0015 F > XJWFR(D)ZSQBLKTVPOIEHMYNCAUG CDUY 25 15 17 14
 0016 O > FSKTJARXPECNUL(Y)IZGBDMWVHOQ CDUZ 25 15 17 15
 0017 R > CEAKBMRYUVDNFLTXW(G)ZOIJQPHS CDVA 25 15 18 16
 0018 T > TLJRVQHGUCXBZYSWFDO(A)IEPKNM CDVB 25 15 18 17
 0019 B > Y(H)LPGTEBKWICSVUDRQMFONJZAX CDVC 25 15 18 18
 0020 E > KRUL(G)JEWNFADVIPOYBXZCMHSQT CDVD 25 15 18 19
 0021 K > RCBPQMVZXY(U)OFSLDEANWKGTIJH CDVE 25 15 18 20
 0022 A > (F)CBJQAWTVDYNXLUSEZPHOIGMKR CDVF 25 15 18 21
 0023 N > VFTQSBPORUZWY(X)HGDIECJALNMK CDVG 25 15 18 22
 0024 N > JSRHFENDUAZYQ(G)XTMCBPIWVOLK CDVH 25 15 18 23
 0025 T > RCBUTXVZJINQPKWMLAY(E)DGOFSH CDVI 25 15 18 24
 0026 Z > URFXNCMYLVPIGESKTBOQAJZDH(W) CDVJ 25 15 18 25
 0027 U > JIOZFEWMBAUSHPCNRQLV(K)TGYXD CDVK 25 15 18 26
 0028 G > ZGVRKO(B)XLNEIWJFUSDQYPCMHTA CDVL 25 15 18 01
 0029 E > RMJV(L)YQZKCIEBONUGAWXPDSTFH CDVM 25 15 18 02
 0030 B > G(K)QRFEANZPBMLHVJCDUXSOYTWI CDWN 25 15 19 03
 0031 E > YMZT(G)VEKQOHPBSJLIUNDRFXWAC CDWO 25 15 19 04
 0032 N > PDSBTIUQFNOVW(J)KAHZCEGLMYXR CDWP 25 15 19 05

where the letters following each mapping are the letters that appear at the windows at that stage (the only state changes visible to the operator) and the numbers show the underlying physical position of each rotor.

The character mappings for a given configuration of the machine are in turn the result of a series of such mappings applied by each pass through a component of the machine: the enciphering of a character resulting from the application of a given component's mapping serves as the input to the mapping of the subsequent component.  For example, the 4th step in the enciphering above can be expanded to show each of these stages using the same representation of mappings and highlighting for the enciphered character:
 
 <nowiki> G > ABCDEF(G)HIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
&nbsp;  P EFMQAB(G)UINKXCJORDPZTHWVLYS &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; AE.BF.CM.DQ.HU.JN.LX.PR.SZ.VW
&nbsp;  1 OFRJVM(A)ZHQNBXPYKCULGSWETDI&nbsp; N&nbsp; 03&nbsp; VIII
&nbsp;  2 (N)UKCHVSMDGTZQFYEWPIALOXRJB&nbsp; U&nbsp; 17&nbsp; VI
&nbsp;  3 XJMIYVCARQOWH(L)NDSUFKGBEPZT&nbsp; D&nbsp; 15&nbsp; V
&nbsp;  4 QUNGALXEPKZ(Y)RDSOFTVCMBIHWJ&nbsp; C&nbsp; 25&nbsp; β
&nbsp;  R RDOBJNTKVEHMLFCWZAXGYIPS(U)Q &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; c
&nbsp;  4 EVTNHQDXWZJFUCPIAMOR(B)SYGLK &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; β
&nbsp;  3 H(V)GPWSUMDBTNCOKXJIQZRFLAEY &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; V
&nbsp;  2 TZDIPNJESYCUHAVRMXGKB(F)QWOL &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; VI
&nbsp;  1 GLQYW(B)TIZDPSFKANJCUXREVMOH &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; VIII
&nbsp;  P E(F)MQABGUINKXCJORDPZTHWVLYS &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; AE.BF.CM.DQ.HU.JN.LX.PR.SZ.VW
 F < KPTXIG(F)MESAUHYQBOVJCLRZDNW</nowiki>

Here the enciphering begins trivially with the first "mapping" representing the keyboard (which has no effect), followed by the plugboard, configured as AE.BF.CM.DQ.HU.JN.LX.PR.SZ.VW which has no effect on 'G', followed by the VIII rotor in the 03 position, which maps G to A, then the VI rotor in the 17 position, which maps A to N, ..., and finally the plugboard again, which maps B to F, producing the overall mapping indicated at the final step: G to F.

This model has 4 rotors (lines 1 through 4) and the reflector (line R) also permutes (garbles) letters.