Editing Emilia-Romagna (section)

==Culture==
{{see also|List of museums in Emilia-Romagna}}

===Cinema===
[[File:Federico Fellini NYWTS 2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Federico Fellini]]]]

Emilia-Romagna has given birth to a number of important filmmakers and actors and was the main setting for numerous important movies. [[Bernardo Bertolucci]] was a native from Parma and his 1976 masterpiece, ''[[1900 (film)|1900]]'', was partially set in Emilia-Romagna. [[Federico Fellini]], a native of Rimini, shot many movies in the region, among them ''[[Amarcord]]''. [[Pier Paolo Pasolini]], a native from Bologna, in addition to being a film director, was a poet, writer, and intellectual, who also distinguished himself as an actor, journalist, novelist, playwright, and political figure. [[Michelangelo Antonioni]], a native of Ferrara, shot his 1964 movie ''[[Red Desert (film)|Red Desert]]'' in Ravenna. [[Florestano Vancini]], also from Ferrara, shot there his 1960 film ''[[Long Night in 1943]]''. [[Pupi Avati]], a native of Bologna, shot numerous movies in the region, including the 1976 horror-thriller ''[[The House with Laughing Windows]]''. [[Marco Bellocchio]], a native of Bobbio, near Piacenza, directed many award-winning movies, such as his 2009 biopic ''[[Vincere]]''. Liliana Cavani, a native of Carpi, near Modena, became internationally known after the success of her 1974 feature film ''[[The Night Porter]]''. In addition, actor and filmmaker Vittorio De Sica shot in Ferrara his 1970 movie ''[[The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (film)|The Garden of the Finzi-Continis]]''. Other actors from Emilia-Romagna include [[Gino Cervi]], who played [[Peppone]] in the ''[[Don Camillo]]'' 1950s–1960s movie series; [[Rossano Brazzi]], who acted in numerous English-language films, including the 1954 drama film ''[[The Barefoot Contessa]]''; and the 1980s comedy duo [[Gigi e Andrea]].

===Cuisine and gastronomy===
{{main|Emilian cuisine}}
[[File:Piadina.jpg|thumb|{{lang|it|[[Piadina]]}}]]
[[File:Tagliatelle al ragù (image modified).jpg|thumb|Tagliatelle with [[Bolognese sauce|ragù]]]]
Emilia-Romagna is considered one of the richest regions of Italy with regard to its gastronomic and wine-making tradition. The region is known for its egg and filled pasta made with soft wheat flour. [[Bologna]] is notable for pasta dishes like ''[[tortellini]]'', ''[[lasagne verdi|lasagne]]'', ''[[gramigna (pasta)|gramigna]]'' and ''[[tagliatelle]]'' made by ''[[sfoglini]]'' out of ''[[sfoglia]]''. These are found also in many other parts of the region in different declinations.  The [[Romagna]] subregion is known as well for pasta dishes like ''[[garganelli]]'', ''[[strozzapreti]]'', ''[[sfoglia lorda]]'' and ''[[tortelli alla lastra]]''. In the [[Emilia (region of Italy)|Emilia]] subregion, except [[Piacenza]] which is heavily influenced by the cuisines of [[Lombardy|Lombardia]] where rice is more common, rice is eaten to a lesser extent. ''[[Polenta]]'', a maize-based dish, is common both in Emilia and Romagna. The celebrated [[balsamic vinegar]] is made only in the Emilian cities of [[Modena]] and [[Reggio Emilia]], following legally binding traditional procedures.<ref>Piras, 187.</ref> [[Parmigiano Reggiano]] (Parmesan Cheese) is produced in Reggio Emilia, Parma, Modena and Bologna and is much used in cooking, while [[Grana Padano]] variety is produced in the rest of the region.

[[File:Parmigiano Reggiano, Italien, Europäische Union.jpg|thumb|[[Parmesan]] cheese]]

Although the Adriatic coast is a major fishing area which produces eels and clams, the region produces more meat products, especially pork-based, including Parma's ''[[prosciutto]]'', ''[[culatello]]'' and ''[[Salame Felino]]'', Piacenza's ''[[pancetta]]'', ''[[capicola|coppa]]'' and salami, Bologna's ''[[mortadella]]'' and ''[[salame rosa]]'', Modena's ''[[zampone]]'', ''[[cotechino]]'' and ''[[cappello del prete]]''  and [[Ferrara]]'s ''[[salama da sugo]]''. [[Reggio Emilia]] is the origin of the fresh egg-made pasta ''[[Cappelletti (pasta)|cappelletti]]'' (similar to Bologna's tortellini but differing in size), the typical  ''Erbazzone Reggiano'' (Emilian spinach cheese pie) and ''[[Parmigiano Reggiano]]'' salted cake, and ''[[Gnocco Fritto]]'', mixed flour stripes fried in boiling oil, eaten in combination with ham or salami. ''[[Crescentina modenese|Crescentina]]'' is a thin round bread that originates in the Apennines around Modena and is usually filled with ''cunza'' (a spread made from pork lard and flavoured with garlic and rosemary) or with cold cuts, cheese and salty dressings or sweet spreads. Piacenza and Ferrara are also known for some dishes prepared with horse and donkey meat. Regional desserts include ''[[zuppa inglese]]'' (custard-based dessert made with sponge cake and [[Alchermes]] liqueur) and ''[[panpepato]]'' (Christmas cake made with pepper, chocolate, spices, and almonds). An exhaustive list of the most important regional wines should include [[Sangiovese]] from Romagna, [[Lambrusco]] from [[Reggio Emilia]] or [[Modena]], [[Cagnina di Romagna]], [[Gutturnio]] and [[Trebbiano]] from [[Piacenza]].

=== Music ===
[[File:Giuseppe Verdi by Giovanni Boldini.jpg|thumb|[[Giuseppe Verdi]], one of the most popular and acclaimed opera composers]]
Emilia-Romagna gave birth to one of the most important composers in the history of music, [[Giuseppe Verdi]], as well as [[Arturo Toscanini]], one of the most acclaimed conductors of the 20th century, and the operatic tenor [[Luciano Pavarotti]].

The region is well known in Italy for its [[rock and roll|rock]] and [[folk music|folk]] musicians, such as [[Laura Pausini]], [[Raffaella Carrà]], [[Samuele Bersani]], [[Luciano Ligabue]], [[Lucio Dalla]], [[Francesco Guccini]], [[Vasco Rossi]] and [[Zucchero]]. "[[Romagna mia]]", a song written in 1954 by [[Secondo Casadei]], is considered by many as the unofficial anthem of [[Romagna]].