Editing Dublin (section)

== Economy ==
{{Main|Economy of Dublin|}}
{{See also|County Dublin#Economy|l1=Economy of County Dublin}}
[[File:The Ulster Bank Group HQ, George's Quay Plaza - geograph.org.uk - 1743476.jpg|thumb|[[Ulster Bank]] on [[George's Quay Plaza]]]] The Dublin region is the economic centre of Ireland, and was at the forefront of the country's economic expansion during the [[Celtic Tiger]] period. In 2009, Dublin was listed as the fourth richest city in the world by [[purchasing power]] and 10th richest by personal income.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citymayors.com/economics/usb-purchasing-power.html |title=Richest cities in the world by purchasing power in 2009 |publisher=City Mayors |access-date=17 June 2010 |archive-date=6 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506064245/http://www.citymayors.com/economics/usb-purchasing-power.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citymayors.com/economics/richest_cities.html |title=Richest cities in the world by personal earnings in 2009 |publisher=Citymayors.com |date=22 August 2009 |access-date=17 June 2010 |archive-date=12 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612160130/http://www.citymayors.com/economics/richest_cities.html |url-status=live }}</ref> According to ''Mercer's 2011 Worldwide Cost of Living Survey'', Dublin was the 13th most expensive city in the [[European Union]] (down from 10th in 2010) and the 58th most expensive place to live in the world (down from 42nd in 2010).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/dublin-falls-in-city-cost-rankings-1.879923 |title=Dublin falls in city-cost rankings |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |date=12 July 2011 |access-date=20 July 2011 |archive-date=4 September 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904020359/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/0712/breaking23.html |url-status=live }}</ref> {{As of|2017}}, approximately 874,400 people were employed in the [[Greater Dublin Area]]. Around 60% of people who are employed in Ireland's financial, ICT, and professional sectors are located in this area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dublinchamber.ie/business-agenda/about-dublin|title=About Dublin. Economic Activity, Tax & Employment|website=Dublin Chamber|access-date=12 November 2018|archive-date=13 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113030028/http://www.dublinchamber.ie/business-agenda/about-dublin|url-status=live}}</ref>

A number of Dublin's traditional industries, such as food processing, textile manufacturing, brewing, and distilling have gradually declined, although [[Guinness]] has been brewed at the [[St. James's Gate Brewery]] since 1759. Economic improvements in the 1990s attracted a number of global pharmaceutical, information and communications technology companies to the city and Greater Dublin Area. Companies such as [[Microsoft]], [[Google]], [[Amazon.com|Amazon]], [[eBay]], [[PayPal]], [[Yahoo!]], [[Facebook]], [[Twitter|X]], [[Accenture]], [[TikTok]] and [[Pfizer]] now have European headquarters or operational bases in the city with several located in enterprise clusters like the [[The Digital Hub|Digital Hub]] and [[Silicon Docks]]. The presence of these companies has driven economic expansion in the city and led to Dublin sometimes being referred to as the "Tech Capital of Europe".<ref name=":0" />

Financial services have also become important to the city since the establishment of Dublin's [[International Financial Services Centre, Dublin|International Financial Services Centre]] in 1987. More than 500 operations are approved to trade under the IFSC programme. The centre is host to half of the world's top 50 banks and to half of the top 20 insurance companies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ifsc.ie/page.aspx?idpage=6 |title=I.F.S.C |publisher=I.F.S.C.ie |date=21 June 2010 |access-date=21 January 2010 |archive-date=24 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224233819/https://www.ifsc.ie/page.aspx?idpage=6 |url-status=live }}</ref> Many international firms have established major headquarters in the city, such as [[Citibank]]. The [[Irish Stock Exchange]] (ISEQ), [[Internet Neutral Exchange]] (INEX) and Irish Enterprise Exchange (IEX) are also located in Dublin. Dublin has been positioned as one of the main cities vying to host Financial Services companies hoping to retain access to the Eurozone after [[Brexit]]. The Celtic Tiger also led to a temporary boom in construction, with large redevelopment projects in the [[Dublin Docklands]] and [[Spencer Dock]]. Completed projects include the [[Convention Centre Dublin|Convention Centre]], the [[3Arena (Dublin)|3Arena]], and the [[Bord Gáis Energy Theatre]].

In the second quarter of 2018, Dublin touched its lowest unemployment rate in a decade, when it fell down to 5.7% as reported by the Dublin Economic Monitor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/business/monitor-dublin-unemployment-falls-to-lowest-level-in-10-years-amid-economic-resurgence-859553.html|title=Monitor: Dublin unemployment falls to lowest level in 10 years amid economic resurgence|access-date=2 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011172942/https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/business/monitor-dublin-unemployment-falls-to-lowest-level-in-10-years-amid-economic-resurgence-859553.html|archive-date=11 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/256media/docs/dem_aug18?e=16581915/63526870|title=14th issue of the Dublin Economic Monitor|date=August 2018 |access-date=1 August 2018|archive-date=30 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200730032558/https://issuu.com/256media/docs/dem_aug18?e=16581915%2F63526870|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2022, Dublin was ranked as one of the worst cities in the world for travel, health and cost of living.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dublin ranked one of the worst cities in the world for cost of living |url=https://www.independent.ie/regionals/dublin/dublin-news/dublin-ranked-one-of-the-worst-cities-in-the-world-for-cost-of-living/42182330.html |access-date=12 May 2023 |website=Independent.ie |date=29 November 2022 |language=en |archive-date=12 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512161617/https://www.independent.ie/regionals/dublin/dublin-news/dublin-ranked-one-of-the-worst-cities-in-the-world-for-cost-of-living/42182330.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 24 September 2022, thousands took to the streets in protest against the cost of living crisis.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McGreevy |first1=Ronan |last2=O'Riordan |first2=Ellen |title=Cost-of-living protest: Thousands turn out for Dublin march |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/politics/2022/09/24/cost-of-living-protest-thousands-turn-out-in-dublin-as-march-hears-social-contract-has-been-broken/ |publisher=The Irish Times |access-date=12 May 2023 |archive-date=12 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512201033/https://www.irishtimes.com/politics/2022/09/24/cost-of-living-protest-thousands-turn-out-in-dublin-as-march-hears-social-contract-has-been-broken/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

As of 2024, the [[Gross domestic product|Gross Domestic Product]] of Dublin is €253.6 billion, meaning it has one of the biggest city economies in the [[European Union]].