Editing Demographics of Japan (section)

===Hāfu===

[[Hāfu]] (a kana rendition of "half") is a term used for people who are [[biracial]] and ethnically half [[Japanese people|Japanese]]. Of the one million children born in Japan in 2013, 2.2% had one or two non-Japanese parents.<sup>[[Marriage in Japan#cite note-70|[70]]]</sup> According to the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, in 2016 one in forty-nine babies born in Japan ware born into families with one non-Japanese parent.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hafufilm.com/en/about/ |title=About the film {{!}} Hafu |publisher=hafufilm.com |access-date=2016-09-14 |archive-date=2016-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015121235/http://hafufilm.com/en/about/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Most intermarriages in Japan are between Japanese men and women from other Asian countries, including China, the Philippines and South Korea.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/9/9/hafu-in-japan-mixed-race.html |title=Being 'hafu' in Japan: Mixed-race people face ridicule, rejection |publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]] |access-date=2017-05-01 |archive-date=2017-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520110100/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/9/9/hafu-in-japan-mixed-race.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Southeast Asia too, also has significant populations of people with half-Japanese ancestry, particularly in [[Japanese settlement in the Philippines|the Philippines]], [[Japanese migration to Indonesia|Indonesia]], [[Japanese migration to Malaysia|Malaysia]], [[Japanese expatriates in Singapore|Singapore]] and [[Japanese migration to Thailand|Thailand]].

In the 1940s, biracial Japanese children (Ainoko), specifically [[Amerasian]] children, encountered social problems such as poverty, perception of impurity and discrimination due to negative treatment in Japan.<ref name="japantimes1">{{cite news| last = Kosaka | first = Kristy |url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fl20090127zg.html |title=Half, bi or double? One family's trouble |newspaper=[[The Japan Times]] |date=2009-01-27 |access-date=2011-11-20}}</ref> In the 21st century, discrimination against [[hāfu]] occurs based on how different their identity, behavior and appearance is from a typical Japanese person.<ref name="models">{{cite web |title=What it means to be a mixed-race model in Japan |date=October 25, 2018 |website=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/rina-fukushi-japanese-hafu-models/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505191001/https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/rina-fukushi-japanese-hafu-models/index.html |archive-date=May 5, 2022}}</ref>