Editing Cilicia (section)

=== Mamluk and Turkmen rule ===
[[File:Carte du Moyen-Orient en 1328-es.svg|thumb|200px|right|During the Ramadanid era, Cilicia was a buffer state between two Islamic powers.]]

In 1359, Mamluk Sultanate Army marched into Cilicia and took over Adana and [[Tarsus, Mersin|Tarsus]], two major cities of the plain, leaving few castles to Armenians. In 1375, Mamluks gained the control of the remaining areas of Cilicia, thus ending the three centuries rule of Armenians.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}} Cilicia Pedias became part of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1375.<ref name=EB1911 /> Mamluk Sultanate authorized Ramazan Beg led Türkmen Emirate to administer Cilicia, but took direct control of the towns, Tarsus, [[Yumurtalık|Ayas]], [[Sarvandikar]], [[Kozan, Adana|Sis]] at the four corners of Cilicia plain and appointed an [[Amir]] and a Garrison for each. Tarsus, the former capital of Cilicia, were settled by the [[moors]] that arrived from Egypt. Türkmen Emirate which began to be known as Ramadanids, set the city of Adana as their center of power, and many Türkmen families of Yüreğir origin moved to the city.

After the death of Ramazan Bey, his son Ibrahim Bey made alliance with the [[Karaman Emirate]]. Alaeddin Bey and Ibrahim Bey together tried to break the Mameluks' might in the province. After this [[Military alliance|alliance]] a great Mameluk army moved in and began to plunder but Ibrahim Bey's army achieved a great victory against the Mameluks in Belen. Also in this battle Temur Bey, the general of the Mameluks, had been captured. Yilboga, the amir of Aleppo moved on to the Turkmens after this defeat and he conquered Misis Castle.

Ramadanids were the only emirate in [[Anatolia]] that were not a successor of the [[Sultanate of Rum|Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate]]. They are often misclassified as an [[Anatolian beyliks|Anatolian beylik]], though they were an entity under Mamluks. The Ramadanids played an important role in 15th century [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]-[[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk]] relations, being a [[buffer state]] located in the Mamluk ''[[al-'Awasim]]'' frontier zone. Cilicia were one of the last regions of Anatolia to fall under Turkish rule, and were part of the Seljuqs for a short time, thus were not effected from [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] tariqa expansionism of the 13th century.  Yüreğir Turks moved to Cilicia in the late 14th century, and had a distinct culture that influenced from Bektashi traditions which accompanied [[Shamanism|Shamanic rituals]] with [[Islam]]. Living together and having cultural exchange with the large Armenian community, Yüreğir Turks flourished a laid back culture.

The [[Karamanids|Karamanid Principality]], one of the [[Oghuz Turk|Turkmen]] [[Anatolian beyliks]] emerged after the collapse of the [[Anatolian Seljuks]], took over{{when|date=September 2021}} the rule of Cilicia Thracea.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}}