Editing Arizona State University (section)

===Research and Institutes===
ASU is [[Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education|classified]] among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=104151|title=Carnegie Classifications – Institution Profile|publisher=Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research|access-date=March 30, 2020|archive-date=February 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225205136/https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=104151|url-status=live}}</ref> The university spent $673&nbsp;million in fiscal year 2020, ranking it 43rd nationally.<ref>{{cite web |title=Table 20. Higher education R&D expenditures, ranked by FY 2018 R&D expenditures: FYs 2009–18 |url=https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/profiles/site?method=rankingbysource&ds=herd |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405184205/https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/profiles/site?method=rankingbysource&ds=herd |archive-date=April 5, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2022 |website=ncsesdata.nsf.gov |publisher=[[National Science Foundation]]}}</ref><ref name="Facts and figures">{{cite web |title=Facts and figures |url=https://research.asu.edu/about-us/facts-figures |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405184358/https://research.asu.edu/about-us/facts-figures |archive-date=April 5, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2022 |website=research.asu.edu}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |title=KE 2021 Highlights |url=https://research.asu.edu/about-us/year-in-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405184819/https://research.asu.edu/about-us/year-in-review |archive-date=April 5, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2022 |website=research.asu.edu}}</ref> ASU is a NASA designated [[National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program|national space-grant]] institute and a member of the [[Universities Research Association]]. In 2023, it became a member of the [[Association of American Universities]], an elite organization of 71 research universities in the U.S. and Canada.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.aau.edu/newsroom/press-releases/six-leading-research-universities-join-association-american-universities |title=Six Leading Research Universities Join the Association of American Universities |publisher=Association of American Universities |date=May 31, 2023 |access-date=June 1, 2023}}</ref> The university is currently in the top 10 for NASA-funded research expenditures.<ref name="Facts and figures" />

The university has raised more than $999&nbsp;million in external funding, and more than 180 companies based on ASU innovations have been launched through the university's exclusive intellectual property management company, Skysong Innovations.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Skysong Innovations |url=https://www.skysonginnovations.com/impact/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405185248/https://www.skysonginnovations.com/impact/ |archive-date=April 5, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2022 |website=Skysong Innovations}}</ref> The U.S. National Academy of Inventors and the Intellectual Property Owners Association rank ASU in the top 10 nationally and No. 11 globally for U.S. patents awarded to universities in 2020, along with MIT, Stanford and Harvard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rankings |url=https://www.asu.edu/rankings |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=Arizona State University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sarley |first=Derek |date=June 18, 2021 |title=ASU makes top 10 in U.S. patent rankings for 3rd straight year |work=ASU News |url=https://news.asu.edu/20210618-entrepreneurship-asu-makes-top-10-us-patent-rankings-3rd-straight-year |access-date=April 5, 2022}}</ref> ASU jumped to 10th place from 17th in 2017, according to the U.S. National Academy of Inventors and the Intellectual Property Owners Association.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Salcido |first1=Nikai |title=ASU jumps to top 10 in global patent rankings |url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20190604-entrepreneurship-asu-jumps-top-10-global-patent-ranking |access-date=June 5, 2019 |agency=ASU Now |date=June 4, 2019 |archive-date=June 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611220342/https://asunow.asu.edu/20190604-entrepreneurship-asu-jumps-top-10-global-patent-ranking |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Top 100 Worldwide Universities Granted U.S. Utility Patents 2018 |url=https://academyofinventors.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Top-100-Universities-2018.pdf |website=National Academy of Inventors |publisher=National Academy of Inventors, Intellectual Property Owners Association |access-date=June 5, 2019 |archive-date=June 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605160458/https://academyofinventors.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Top-100-Universities-2018.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> Since its inception, Skysong Innovations has fostered the launch of more than 180 companies based on ASU innovations, and attracted more than $999 million in venture funding, including $96 million in fiscal year 2016 alone.<ref name=":1" /> In 2013, the Sweden-based University Business Incubator (UBI) Index, named ASU as one of the top universities in the world for [[Business incubator|business incubation]], ranking 17th. UBI reviewed 550 universities and associated business incubators from around the world using an assessment framework that takes more than 50 performance indicators into consideration.<ref name=":5">{{cite web |url=https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asu-venture-catalyst-ranked-among-top-university-business-incubators|title=ASU Venture Catalyst ranked among top university business incubators|website=ASU Now|date=July 17, 2013|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233349/https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asu-venture-catalyst-ranked-among-top-university-business-incubators|url-status=live}}</ref> As an example, one of ASU's spin-offs (Heliae Development, LLC) raised more than $28&nbsp;million in [[venture capital]] in 2013 alone.<ref name="asu10">{{cite web|url=https://sustainability.asu.edu/news/archive/asus-algae-production-company-heliae-set-to-expand-in-gilbert/|title=Heliae raises $28.4 million for Gilbert expansion|publisher=Arizona State University|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233314/https://sustainability.asu.edu/news/archive/asus-algae-production-company-heliae-set-to-expand-in-gilbert/|url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2016, ASU received the Entrepreneurial University Award from the Deshpande Foundation, a philanthropic organization that supports social entrepreneurship and innovation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20160614-entrepreneurship-asu-entrepreneurial-university-award-deshpande-symposium|title=7 reasons ASU is the 'Entrepreneurial University'|date=June 15, 2016|access-date=August 9, 2016|archive-date=August 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816180751/https://asunow.asu.edu/20160614-entrepreneurship-asu-entrepreneurial-university-award-deshpande-symposium|url-status=live}}</ref>

The university's push to create various institutes has led to greater funding and an increase in the number of researchers in multiple fields. ASU Knowledge Enterprise (KE) advances research, innovation, strategic partnerships, entrepreneurship, economic development and international development.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://research.asu.edu/institutes-initiatives|title=Institutes and initiatives|website=Research.asu.edu|access-date=December 11, 2017|archive-date=December 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201100511/https://research.asu.edu/institutes-initiatives|url-status=live}}</ref> KE is led by [[Sally C. Morton]].<ref name="research.asu.edu">{{cite web |title=Knowledge Enterprise leadership |url=https://research.asu.edu/about-us/knowledge-enterprise-leadership |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405190329/https://research.asu.edu/about-us/knowledge-enterprise-leadership |archive-date=April 5, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2022 |website=Research.asu.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 16, 2021 |title=ASU TRIF Three Year Plan |url=https://www.azregents.edu/sites/default/files/reports/asu_three_year_trif_plan.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.azregents.edu/sites/default/files/reports/asu_three_year_trif_plan.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |access-date=April 5, 2022}}</ref> KE supports several interdisciplinary research institutes and initiatives.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institutes and initiatives {{!}} Knowledge Enterprise |url=https://research.asu.edu/institutes-initiatives |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=research.asu.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mark Naufel {{!}} Knowledge Enterprise|url=https://research.asu.edu/about-us/research-leadership/mark-naufel|access-date=December 8, 2020|website=research.asu.edu|archive-date=December 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205184018/https://research.asu.edu/about-us/research-leadership/mark-naufel|url-status=live}}</ref> Other notable and famed institutes at ASU are The Institute of Human Origins, L. William Seidman Research Institute ([[W.P. Carey School of Business|W. P. Carey School of Business]]), Learning Sciences Institute, Herberger Research Institute, and the Hispanic Research Center. The [[Biodesign Institute]] for instance, conducts research on issues such as biomedical and health care outcomes as part of a collaboration with [[Mayo Clinic]] to diagnose and treat diseases.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biodesign.asu.edu/news/mayo-clinic-asu-collaborate-seed-and-accelerate-research|title=Mayo Clinic, ASU collaborate to seed and accelerate research |publisher=Arizona State University|date=December 18, 2017|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233238/https://biodesign.asu.edu/news/mayo-clinic-asu-collaborate-seed-and-accelerate-research|url-status=live}}</ref> The institute has attracted more than $760 million in external funding, filed 860 invention disclosures, nearly 200 patents, and generated 35 spinout companies based on its research.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Impact |url=https://biodesign.asu.edu/about/impact |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=Biodesign Institute {{!}} ASU}}</ref> In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, Biodesign developed a rapid, saliva-based testing option for the university community, and partnered with the Arizona Department of Health Services to make the saliva-based COVID test available to the public.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-26 |title=ASU develops state's first saliva-based COVID-19 test |url=https://news.asu.edu/20200526-discoveries-arizona-state-university-develops-saliva-based-covid-19-test |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=ASU News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bourque |first=Scott |date=July 10, 2020 |title=ASU, Arizona Department Of Health Services Announce COVID-19 Testing Partnership |work=KJZZ |url=https://kjzz.org/content/1599851/asu-arizona-department-health-services-announce-covid-19-testing-partnership |access-date=April 5, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-01 |title=ASU Biodesign Creates Saliva Test For COVID-19 |url=https://kjzz.org/content/1587786/asu-biodesign-creates-saliva-test-covid-19 |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=KJZZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-09 |title=ADHS and ASU Announce Partnership to Increase COVID-19 Testing in Arizona |url=https://azgovernor.gov/governor/news/2020/07/adhs-and-asu-announce-partnership-increase-covid-19-testing-arizona |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=Office of the Arizona Governor |archive-date=March 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317213232/https://azgovernor.gov/governor/news/2020/07/adhs-and-asu-announce-partnership-increase-covid-19-testing-arizona |url-status=dead }}</ref> In October 2021, Biodesign announced their millionth test.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Spinner |first=Claire |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Arizona State University administers its 1 millionth COVID-19 rapid saliva test |work=Arizona Republic |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-health/2021/10/07/asu-administers-its-1-millionth-covid-19-rapid-saliva-test/6043331001/ |access-date=April 5, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Caballero |first=Luzdelia |date=October 8, 2021 |title=ASU reaches milestone by completing 1 million COVID-19 tests |work=ABC 15 Arizona |url=https://www.abc15.com/news/region-southeast-valley/tempe/asu-reaches-milestone-by-completing-1-million-covid-19-tests |access-date=April 5, 2022}}</ref> The institute also is heavily involved in [[sustainability]] research, primarily through reuse of [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] via biological feedback and various [[biomass]]es (e.g. [[algae]]) to synthesize clean [[biofuel]]s. Heliae is a Biodesign Institute [[Corporate spin-off|spin-off]] and much of its business centers on [[Algae|algal]]-derived, high value products.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asu-spinout-heliae-debuts-platform-large-scale-algae-production|title=ASU spinout Heliae debuts platform for large-scale algae production|date=April 26, 2013|publisher=ASU Now|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703021842/https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asu-spinout-heliae-debuts-platform-large-scale-algae-production|url-status=live}}</ref> Furthermore, the institute is heavily involved in security research including technology that can detect biological and chemical changes in the air and water. The university has received more than $30&nbsp;million in funding from the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] for adapting this technology for use in detecting the presence of [[biological warfare|biological]] and [[chemical weapon]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://asunews.asu.edu/20120618_immunosignaturing |title=Arizona State University secures defense contract &#124; ASU News |publisher=Asunews.asu.edu |date=June 18, 2012 |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022145143/https://asunews.asu.edu/20120618_immunosignaturing |archive-date=October 22, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> Research conducted at the Biodesign Institute by ASU professor [[Charles Arntzen]] made possible the production of [[Ebola virus disease|Ebola]] antibodies in specially modified tobacco plants that researchers at [[Mapp Biopharmaceutical]] used to create the Ebola therapeutic [[ZMapp]]. The treatment is credited with saving the lives of two aid workers. For his work, Arntzen was named the No. 1 honoree among [[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]]'s annual "100 Most Creative People in Business" 2015 awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biodesign.asu.edu/news/asu-professor-charles-arntzen-named-fast-company%27s-most-creative-person-business|title=ASU professor Charles Arntzen named Fast Company's Most Creative Person in Business|date=May 11, 2015|website=Arizona State University|access-date=July 2, 2018}} {{dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>

World-renowned scholars have been integral to the successes of the institutes associated with the university. ASU students and researchers have been selected as [[Marshall Scholarship|Marshall]], [[Harry S. Truman Scholarship|Truman]], [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes]], and [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright]] Scholars with the university ranking 1st overall in the U.S. for Fulbright Scholar awards to faculty and 5th overall for recipients of Fulbright U.S. Student awards in the 2015–2016 academic year.<ref name="chronicle">{{cite web|url=http://chronicle.com/article/Top-Producers-of-US/235384 |title=Top Producers of U.S. Fulbright Scholars and Students |date=February 22, 2016 |publisher=The Chronicle of Higher Education |url-access=subscription |access-date=June 11, 2016|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603164350/http://chronicle.com/article/Top-Producers-of-US/235384?cid=rclink|url-status=live}}</ref> ASU faculty includes [[Nobel Laureates]], [[Royal Society]] members, [[National Academy of Sciences|National Academy]] members, and members of the [[National Institutes of Health]], to name a few.<ref name="asu11">{{cite web|url=http://www.asu.edu/excellence/faculty/index.html|title=Faculty Excellence and Awards|website=ASU Office of the University Provost |access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=April 5, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405051729/http://www.asu.edu/excellence/faculty/index.html|url-status=dead }}</ref> ASU Professor [[Donald Johanson]], who discovered the 3.18&nbsp;million year old fossil hominid [[Lucy (Australopithecus)]] in [[Ethiopia]], established the Institute of Human Origins (IHO) in 1981. The institute was first established in [[Berkeley, California]], and later moved to ASU in 1997.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/content/institute-human-origins-celebrates-30-years-research-discovery |first1=Julie |last1=Russ |website=ASU Now|title=Institute of Human Origins celebrates 30 years of research, discovery|date=March 11, 2011|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233236/https://asunow.asu.edu/content/institute-human-origins-celebrates-30-years-research-discovery|url-status=live}}</ref> As one of the leading research organization in the United States devoted to the science of human origins, IHO pursues a [[transdisciplinarity|transdisciplinary]] strategy for field and analytical [[Paleoanthropology|paleoanthropological]] research.<ref name="asu12">{{cite web|url=http://iho.asu.edu/about|title=About |publisher=Arizona State University Institute of Human Origins |access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=May 31, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100531160529/http://iho.asu.edu/about|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts|Herberger Institute Research Center]] supports the scholarly inquiry, applied research and creative activity of more than 400 faculty and nearly 5,000 students.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/research-and-initiatives|title=Research and initiatives |website=Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts |access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702234944/https://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/research-and-initiatives|url-status=live}}</ref> The renowned [[Arizona State University Art Museum|ASU Art Museum]], Herberger Institute Community Programs, urban design, and other outreach and initiatives in the arts community round out the research and creative activities of the Herberger Institute. Among well known professors within the Herberger Institute is Johnny Saldaña of the School of Theatre and Film. Saldaña received the 1996 Distinguished Book Award and the prestigious Judith Kase Cooper Honorary Research Award, both from the American Alliance for Theatre Education (AATE).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://steinhardt.nyu.edu/music/edtheatre/people/faculty/saldana |title=Educational Theatre Faculty: Johnny Saldana |publisher=NYU Steinhardt |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324190927/http://steinhardt.nyu.edu/music/edtheatre/people/faculty/saldana |archive-date=March 24, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability is the center of ASU's initiatives focusing on practical solutions to environmental, economic, and social challenges. The institute has partnered with various cities, universities, and organizations from around the world to address issues affecting the global community.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sustainability.asu.edu/about/about-the-institute.php |title=About the Institute  |publisher=Global Institute of Sustainability / Arizona State University |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626073329/http://sustainability.asu.edu/about/about-the-institute.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>

ASU is also involved with [[NASA]] in the field of [[space exploration]]. To meet the needs of NASA programs, ASU built the [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design|LEED]] Gold Certified, 298,000-square-foot Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Building IV (ISTB 4) at a cost of $110&nbsp;million in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asus-newest-research-building-achieves-leed-gold-certification|title=ASU's newest research building achieves LEED Gold certification|publisher=ASU Now|date=February 22, 2013|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233418/https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asus-newest-research-building-achieves-leed-gold-certification|url-status=live}}</ref> The building includes space for the School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE) and includes labs and other facilities for the [[Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://asunews.asu.edu/20120919_ISTBIV_opening |title=ASU's new science building will push boundaries of research, exploration &#124; ASU News |publisher=Asunews.asu.edu |date=September 19, 2012 |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-date=October 22, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022145125/https://asunews.asu.edu/20120919_ISTBIV_opening |url-status=live }}</ref> One of the main projects at ISTB 4 includes the [[OSIRIS-REx]] [[Thermal Emission Spectrometer]] (OTES).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://otes.asu.edu|title=OTES: OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer|publisher=Arizona State University|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703021902/http://otes.asu.edu/|url-status=live}}</ref> Although ASU built the [[spectrometer]]s aboard the [[Mars Exploration Rover|Martian rovers]] [[Spirit rover|Spirit]] and [[Opportunity rover|Opportunity]], OTES will be the first major scientific instrument completely designed and built at ASU for a NASA [[space mission]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/ASU-to-Build-Spectrometer-for-OSIRIS-REx-202718.shtml |title=ASU to Build Spectrometer for OSIRIS-REx |publisher=News.softpedia.com |date=May 27, 2011 |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-date=November 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116001155/http://news.softpedia.com/news/ASU-to-Build-Spectrometer-for-OSIRIS-REx-202718.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Phil Christensen]], the [[principal investigator]] for the [[Mars Global Surveyor]] [[Thermal Emission Spectrometer]] (TES), is a [[Professors in the United States|Regents' Professor]] at ASU.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://themis.mars.asu.edu/christensen |title=Phillip Christensen &#124; Mars Odyssey Mission THEMIS |publisher=Themis.mars.asu.edu |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704222139/http://themis.mars.asu.edu/christensen |url-status=live }}</ref> He also serves as the principal investigator for the [[Mars Odyssey]] [[THEMIS]] instruments, as well as co-investigator for the [[Mars Exploration Rover]]s. ASU scientists are responsible for the [[Mini-TES]] instruments aboard the Mars Exploration Rovers. The [[Buseck Center for Meteorite Studies]], which is home to rare [[Mars|Martian]] [[meteorite]]s and exotic fragments from space, and the [[Mars Space Flight Facility]] are on ASU's Tempe campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mars.asu.edu/|title=Explore Mars|access-date=July 8, 2014|archive-date=February 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203190826/http://mars.asu.edu/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asu-acquires-exotic-piece-mars|title=ASU acquires exotic piece of Mars|publisher=ASU Now|date=January 17, 2012|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233156/https://asunow.asu.edu/content/asu-acquires-exotic-piece-mars|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, [[Lindy Elkins-Tanton]] of ASU was selected by NASA to lead a deep space mission to [[16 Psyche|Psyche]], a metal asteroid believed to be a former planetary core. The $450 million project is the first NASA mission led by the university.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Valentine |first1=Karin |title=ASU to lead deep-space NASA mission for 1st time |url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20170104-discoveries-asu-lead-nasa-space-exploration-mission-1st-time |access-date=June 4, 2019 |agency=ASU Now |publisher=Arizona State University |date=January 4, 2017 |archive-date=June 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604212330/https://asunow.asu.edu/20170104-discoveries-asu-lead-nasa-space-exploration-mission-1st-time |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[United States Army Research Laboratory|Army Research Laboratory]] extended funding for the Arizona State University [[Flexible display|Flexible Display]] Center (FDC) in 2009 with a $50&nbsp;million grant.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/content/army-continues-flexible-display-center-support|title=Army continues Flexible Display Center support|publisher=ASU Now|date=January 29, 2009|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=December 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216112751/https://asunow.asu.edu/content/army-continues-flexible-display-center-support|url-status=live}}</ref> The university has partnered with [[the Pentagon]] on such endeavors since 2004 with an initial $43.7&nbsp;million grant. In 2012, researchers at the center created the world's largest flexible full-color organic light-emitting diode (OLED), which at the time was 7.4 inches. The following year, the FEDC staff broke their own world record, producing a 14.7-inch version of the display.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20160815-solutions-flexible-future-todays-technologies-asu|title=ASU works on a flexible future for today's technologies|website=ASU Now|date=August 15, 2016|access-date=July 2, 2018|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703021807/https://asunow.asu.edu/20160815-solutions-flexible-future-todays-technologies-asu|url-status=live}}</ref> The technology delivers high-performance while remaining cost-effective during the manufacturing process. Vibrant colors, high switching speeds for video and reduced power consumption are some of the features the center has integrated into the technology. In 2012, ASU eliminated the need for specialized equipment and processing, thereby reducing costs compared to competitive approaches.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://asunews.asu.edu/20120531_flexdisplay_oled |title=ASU center produces largest flexible color organic light emitting display &#124; ASU News |publisher=Asunews.asu.edu |date=May 31, 2012 |access-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-date=February 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227164223/https://asunews.asu.edu/20120531_flexdisplay_oled |url-status=live }}</ref>