Editing Angola (section)

===Natural resources===
[[File:Offshore platform on move to final destination, Ilha de Luanda (cropped).JPG|thumb|right|An [[Oil platform|offshore oil drilling platform]] off the coast of central Angola]]
''[[The Economist]]'' reported in 2008 that diamonds and oil make up 60% of Angola's economy, almost all of the country's [[revenue]] and all of its dominant [[export]]s.<ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/12009946 "Marching towards riches and democracy?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031094320/http://www.economist.com/node/12009946 |date=31 October 2014 }} [[The Economist]]. 30 August 2008. p. 46.</ref> Growth is almost entirely driven by rising [[Extraction of petroleum|oil production]] which surpassed {{convert|1.4|Moilbbl/d|m3/d}} in late 2005 and was expected to grow to {{convert|2|Moilbbl/d|m3/d}} by 2007. Control of the [[Petroleum industry|oil industry]] is consolidated in [[Sonangol Group]], a conglomerate owned by the Angolan government. In December 2006, Angola was admitted as a member of [[OPEC]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Angola: Country Admitted As Opec Member|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200612140990.html|date=14 December 2006|publisher=Angola Press Agency|access-date=15 December 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019012049/http://allafrica.com/stories/200612140990.html|archive-date=19 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2022, the country produced an average of 1.165 million barrels of oil per day, according to ''Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis'' (ANPG), the national oil, gas and biofuels agency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Homepage |url=https://anpg.co.ao/ |access-date=24 August 2022 |website=ANPG |language=pt-PT |archive-date=4 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204013514/https://anpg.co.ao/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to [[the Heritage Foundation]], a conservative American [[think tank]], oil production from Angola has increased so significantly that Angola now is China's biggest supplier of oil.<ref>{{cite web|last=Alt|first=Robert|url=http://www.heritage.org/research/africa/HL1006.CFM|title=Into Africa: China's Grab for Influence and Oil|publisher=Heritage.org|access-date=27 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313053942/http://www.heritage.org/research/africa/HL1006.CFM|archive-date=13 March 2010|url-status=unfit}}</ref> "China has extended three multi-billion dollar lines of credit to the Angolan government; two loans of $2 billion from China Exim Bank, one in 2004, the second in 2007, as well as one loan in 2005 of $2.9 billion from [[China International Fund]] Ltd."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cfr.org/world/angolas-political-economic-development/p16820 |title=Angola's Political and Economic Development|website=Council on Foreign Relations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421141945/http://www.cfr.org/world/angolas-political-economic-development/p16820|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

Growing oil revenues also created opportunities for [[Corruption in Angola|corruption]]: according to a recent [[Human Rights Watch]] report, US$32&nbsp;billion disappeared from government accounts in 2007–2010.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=22 December 2011|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2011/12/20/angola-explain-missing-government-funds|title=Angola: Explain Missing Government Funds|publisher=Human Rights Watch|date=20 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111221173830/http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/12/20/angola-explain-missing-government-funds|archive-date=21 December 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> Furthermore, [[Sonangol]], the state-run oil company, controls 51% of Cabinda's oil. Due to this market control, the company ends up determining the profit received by the government and the taxes it pays. The council of foreign affairs states that the World Bank mentioned that Sonangol is a taxpayer, it carries out quasi-fiscal activities, it invests public funds, and, as concessionaire, it is a sector regulator. This multifarious work program creates conflicts of interest and characterises a complex relationship between Sonangol and the government that weakens the formal budgetary process and creates uncertainty as regards the actual fiscal stance of the state."<ref>{{cite web |title=Angola's political and economical development |url=http://www.cfr.org/world/angolas-political-economic-development/p16820 |url-status=dead |publisher=Council of Foreign Relations |last=Hanson |first=Stephanie |date=21 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421141945/http://www.cfr.org/world/angolas-political-economic-development/p16820 |archive-date=21 April 2016 }}</ref>

In 2002, Angola demanded compensation for [[oil spill]]s allegedly caused by [[Chevron Corporation]], the first time it had fined a multinational corporation operating in its waters.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2077836.stm |title=Business &#124; Angola fines Chevron for pollution |publisher=BBC News |date=1 July 2002 |access-date=15 September 2020 |archive-date=13 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313192110/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2077836.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Operations in its [[List of diamond mines|diamond mines]] include partnerships between state-run [[Endiama]] and mining companies such as [[ALROSA]] which operate in Angola.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.angolancentenary.com/press6.pdf|title=Angolan Diamond Centenary Conference 2013 Highlights Endiama and Alrosa Joint Venture for Future Geological Exploration of diamond deposits of Angola's Territory|publisher=angolancentenary.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114012955/http://www.angolancentenary.com/press6.pdf|archive-date=14 November 2013}}</ref>

Access to [[biocapacity]] in Angola is higher than world average. In 2016, Angola had 1.9 global hectares<ref name=footprintdata>{{cite web|url=http://data.footprintnetwork.org/#/countryTrends?cn=7&type=BCpc,EFCpc|title=Country Trends|publisher=Global Footprint Network|access-date=2 June 2020|archive-date=8 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808050235/http://data.footprintnetwork.org/#/countryTrends?cn=7&type=BCpc,EFCpc|url-status=live}}</ref> of biocapacity per person within its territory, slightly more than world average of 1.6 global hectares per person.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lin|first1=David|last2=Hanscom|first2=Laurel|last3=Murthy|first3=Adeline|last4=Galli|first4=Alessandro|last5=Evans|first5=Mikel|last6=Neill|first6=Evan|last7=Mancini|first7=MariaSerena|last8=Martindill|first8=Jon|last9=Medouar|first9=FatimeZahra|last10=Huang|first10=Shiyu|last11=Wackernagel |first11=Mathis|year=2018|title=Ecological Footprint Accounting for Countries: Updates and Results of the National Footprint Accounts, 2012–2018|journal=Resources|volume=7|issue=3|page=58|doi=10.3390/resources7030058|doi-access=free |bibcode=2018Resou...7...58L |issn = 2079-9276 }}</ref> In 2016, Angola used 1.01 global hectares of biocapacity per person – their [[ecological footprint]] of consumption. This means they use about half as much biocapacity as Angola contains. As a result, Angola is running a biocapacity reserve.<ref name=footprintdata/>