Editing 1964 New York World's Fair (section)

=== Performances ===
[[File:NY World's Fair '64 - Les Poupees de Paris (ut) - Flickr - PLCjr.jpg|thumb|A puppet show building at the fair|alt=A single-story, glass-fronted building with a sign saying "Les Poupées de Paris" (The Dolls of Paris).]]

There were more than 30 entertainment events at the fair.<ref name="nyt-1963-06-14">{{Cite news |last=Gardner |first=Paul |date=June 14, 1963 |title=World's Fair Planning to Offer More Than 30 Entertainments |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1963/06/14/archives/worlds-fair-planning-to-offer-more-than-30-entertainments.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 26, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005858/https://www.nytimes.com/1963/06/14/archives/worlds-fair-planning-to-offer-more-than-30-entertainments.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Moses disdained carnival-style attractions,<ref>{{cite news |last=Chapman |first=Ralph |date=March 20, 1961 |title=Moses Bars Crude, Cheap 'Fun' at Fair: Retorts to Critical Article in 'Variety' |work=New York Herald Tribune |page=18 |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1326872094}} |postscript=none}}; {{Cite journal |last=Moses |first=Michael Valdez |date=December 16, 2010 |title=Modernists as Critics |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199545445.013.0009 |journal=Oxford Handbooks Online |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199545445.013.0009 |isbn=978-0-19-954544-5 |access-date=June 5, 2024 |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608142959/https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/28344/chapter-abstract/215148224?redirectedFrom=fulltext |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Tirella pp. 236–237">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|pages=236–237}}</ref> saying there would be "no whiskered women, tattooed giants, nudes on ice&nbsp;... The appeal of a world's fair should not be entirely below the Adam's apple".<ref name="Gray 1964" /> As the WFC's president, Moses reserved the right to ban any project from the fair.<ref name="Tirella p. 2112">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|page=211}}</ref> Shows that appealed to [[prurient interest]]s, like semi-nude dancing, were excluded.<ref name="Samuel p. 21" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Chaimowitz |first=Len |date=June 29, 1962 |title=Here's What WON'T Be at '64 World's Fair |work=Newsday |page=3C |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|913666728}}}}</ref> An exception was the adult-only, musical puppet show ''[[Les Poupées de Paris]]'' (The Dolls of Paris).<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 16, 1964 |title=At the Fair: 'Les Poupees De Paris'; Lavish Show Has Lots of Gallic Bounce |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/16/archives/at-the-fair-les-poupees-de-paris-lavish-show-has-lots-of-gallic.html |access-date=June 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608142958/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/16/archives/at-the-fair-les-poupees-de-paris-lavish-show-has-lots-of-gallic.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The lack of adult shows may have contributed to the amusement area's unpopularity in 1964.<ref name="Tirella pp. 236–237" /> The ban on adult shows was relaxed in 1965, and nine discotheques opened at the fair during that season.<ref name="Caro p. 1106">{{harvnb|Caro|1974|ps=.|page=1106}}</ref> That May, a [[striptease]] show in the Louisiana pavilion lasted two performances before it was canceled.<ref name="Samuel p. 75" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dougherty |first=Philip H. |date=May 8, 1965 |title=A Stripper Lasts 2 Shows at Fair; She Gets Down to a Bikini, But Won't Be Back |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/08/archives/a-stripper-lasts-2-shows-at-fair-she-gets-down-to-a-bikini-but-wont.html |access-date=June 4, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604183557/https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/08/archives/a-stripper-lasts-2-shows-at-fair-she-gets-down-to-a-bikini-but-wont.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Musical and theatrical performances took place at several pavilions, and there were fireworks and water shows at the Pool of Industry.<ref name="nyt-1963-06-14" /> Among the theatrical shows were the [[revue]]s ''To Broadway With Love'',<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 30, 1964 |title=Theater: Tribute to Musical Comedies; 'Broadway With Love' Opens at the Fair |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/30/archives/theater-tribute-to-musical-comedies-broadway-with-love-opens-at-the.html |access-date=May 31, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601002506/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/30/archives/theater-tribute-to-musical-comedies-broadway-with-love-opens-at-the.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Samuel p. 48; Tirella p. 235">{{harvnb|Samuel|2007|ps=|page=48}}; {{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|page=235}}</ref> ''[[Wonderworld (musical)|Wonder World]]''—which lasted two months—<ref name="Samuel pp. 47–48" /><ref name="nyt-1964-07-06">{{Cite news |date=July 6, 1964 |title=Holiday Crowds Disappoint Fair; 'Wonder World' Closes and Ice Show Posts Notice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/06/archives/holiday-crowds-disappoint-fair-wonder-world-closes-and-ice-show.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601070527/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/06/archives/holiday-crowds-disappoint-fair-wonder-world-closes-and-ice-show.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and ''Summer Time Revue''.<ref name="nyt-1964-07-19">{{Cite news |date=July 19, 1964 |title=Fair's Lake Area Gets a New Show; 20-Man Operation Replaces Defunct 'Wonder World' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/19/archives/fairs-lake-area-gets-a-new-show-20man-operation-replaces-defunct.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601013158/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/19/archives/fairs-lake-area-gets-a-new-show-20man-operation-replaces-defunct.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[DuPont]] presented a musical revue in its own pavilion, ''[[The Wonderful World of Chemistry]]''.<ref name="CY p. 96">{{harvnb|Cotter|Young|2008|ps=.|page=96}}</ref> A controversial [[minstrel show]] in the Louisiana pavilion was canceled after two days.<ref name="Samuel p. 48; Tirella p. 235" /><ref name="Gan e936">{{cite web |last=Gan |first=Vicky |date=April 28, 2014 |title=The Story Behind the Failed Minstrel Show at the 1964 World's Fair |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/minstrel-show-1964-worlds-fair-180951239/ |access-date=May 31, 2024 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |archive-date=May 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531182658/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/minstrel-show-1964-worlds-fair-180951239/ |url-status=live }}</ref> International pavilions, such as the African, Indonesia, and Spain pavilions, also hosted dance and other live shows.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 15, 1964 |title=Ethnic Dances Abound for Visitors to Fair; Spanish and African Pavilions Afford Widest Choice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/15/archives/ethnic-dances-abound-for-visitors-to-fair-spanish-and-african.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601010156/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/15/archives/ethnic-dances-abound-for-visitors-to-fair-spanish-and-african.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Sporting events, such as wrestling, boxing, gymnastics, fencing, judo, and weightlifting, took place at the fair.<ref name="Kursh 1964" /> Some of these events were presented as part of the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] tryouts in New York City.<ref>{{cite news |last=Marsh |first=Irving T. |date=June 21, 1962 |title=New York Gets Olympic Trials: World's Fair Site for Tryouts |work=New York Herald Tribune |page=23 |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1326912528}} |postscript=none}}; {{Cite news |date=June 21, 1962 |title=Olympic Tryouts to Be Held Here; World's Fair and City Will Serve as Hosts in 1964 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1962/06/21/archives/olympic-tryouts-to-be-held-here-worlds-fair-and-city-will-serve-as.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Other shows included the ice-skating show ''Dick Button's Ice-Travaganza'' at the [[New York City Pavilion]],<ref name="nyt-1963-06-14" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Mayer |first=Robert |date=December 24, 1963 |title=Cash Vital If You Plan Trip to Fair |work=Newsday |page=4 |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|913683684}}}}</ref> and the Auto Thrill Show in the Transportation Area.<ref name="nyt-1964-04-05">{{Cite news |date=April 5, 1964 |title=Big 3's World's Fair Costs Will Reach $110 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/05/archives/big-3s-worlds-fair-costs-will-reach-110-million.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ''To Broadway With Love'' and the ''Ice-Travaganza'' closed within a few months of the fair's opening.<ref name="nyt-1964-07-27" /> A parade traveled across the fairground every day.<ref name="New York Amsterdam News 1962" /> The evangelist [[Billy Graham]] gave daily sermons at the Billy Graham Pavilion.<ref name="p279956694">{{cite news |last=Eisenberg |first=Carol |date=May 27, 2005 |title=Last NY-Area Crusade, Billy Graham Returns Next Month to City That Propelled His Career for Extravaganza at Flushing Meadows |work=Newsday |page=A09 |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|279956694}}}}</ref>