Editing Yeast (section)

==Symbiosis==
{{Main|Symbiosis}}
An Indian study of seven [[honey bee|bee]] species and nine plant species found 45 yeast species from 16 genera colonise the [[nectaries]] of flowers and honey stomachs of bees. Most were members of the genus ''[[Candida (genus)|Candida]]''; the most common species in honey bee stomachs was ''[[Dekkera intermedia]]'', while the most common species colonising flower nectaries was ''[[Candida blankii]]''.  Although the mechanism is not fully understood, it was found that ''A. indica'' flowers more if ''[[Candida blankii]]'' is present.<ref name="Sandhu-1985"/>

In another example, ''Spathaspora passalidarum'', found in the digestive tract of [[Passalidae|bess beetles]], aids the digestion of plant cells by fermenting [[xylose]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nguyen |first1=Nhu H. |last2=Suh |first2=Sung-Oui |last3=Marshall |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Blackwell |first4=Meredith |date=2006-10-01 |title=Morphological and ecological similarities: wood-boring beetles associated with novel xylose-fermenting yeasts, ''Spathaspora passalidarum'' gen. sp. nov. and ''Candida jeffriesii'' sp. nov. |journal=Mycological Research |volume=110 |issue=10 |pages=1232–1241 |doi=10.1016/j.mycres.2006.07.002 |pmid=17011177 |issn=0953-7562}}</ref>

Many [[fruit]]s produce different types of sugars that attract yeasts, which ferment the sugar and turns it into alcohol. Fruit eating mammals find the scent of alcohol attractive as it indicates a ripe, sugary fruit which provides more nutrition. In turn, the mammals helps disperse both the fruit's seeds and the yeast's spores.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yirka |first=Bob |title=Wild fruits with higher alcohol content found to be more widely dispersed by mammals |url=https://phys.org/news/2023-07-wild-fruits-higher-alcohol-content.html |date=July 20, 2023  |website=Phys.org |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308211512/https://phys.org/news/2023-07-wild-fruits-higher-alcohol-content.html |archive-date= Mar 8, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sagar |first=Soumya |date=19 July 2023 |title=Alcoholic fruit may help plants recruit mammals to spread their seeds |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2383191-alcoholic-fruit-may-help-plants-recruit-mammals-to-spread-their-seeds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308211535/https://www.newscientist.com/article/2383191-alcoholic-fruit-may-help-plants-recruit-mammals-to-spread-their-seeds/ |archive-date=Mar 8, 2024 |website=New Scientist}}</ref>

Yeast and [[small hive beetle]] have mutualistic relationship. While small hive beetle is attracted by the pheromone released by the host honeybee, yeast can produce a similar pheromone which have the same attractive effect to the small hive beetle. Therefore, yeast facilitates SHB's infestation if the beehive contains yeast inside.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Torto |first1=Baldwyn |last2=Boucias |first2=Drion G. |last3=Arbogast |first3=Richard T. |last4=Tumlinson |first4=James H. |last5=Teal |first5=Peter E. A. |date=2007-05-15 |title=Multitrophic interaction facilitates parasite–host relationship between an invasive beetle and the honey bee |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=104 |issue=20 |pages=8374–8378 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0702813104 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=1895957 |pmid=17483478|bibcode=2007PNAS..104.8374T }}</ref>