Editing Vitamin A (section)

====β-carotene safety====
No adverse effects other than [[carotenemia]] have been reported for consumption of β-carotene rich foods. Supplementation with β-carotene does not cause hypervitaminosis A.<ref name=PKIN2020Carotenoids/> Two large clinical trials (ATBC and CARET) were conducted in tobacco smokers to see if years of β-carotene supplementation at 20 or 30&nbsp;mg/day in oil-filled capsules would reduce the risk of lung cancer.<ref name="DRItextBetaCarotene"/> These trials were implemented because observational studies had reported a lower incidence of lung cancer in tobacco smokers who had diets higher in β-carotene. Unexpectedly, high-dose β-carotene or retinol supplementation resulted in a higher incidence of lung cancer and of total mortality due to cardiac mortality.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=14 April 1994 |title=The Effect of Vitamin E and Beta Carotene on the Incidence of Lung Cancer and Other Cancers in Male Smokers |url=http://www.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/NEJM199404143301501 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |language=en |volume=330 |issue=15 |pages=1029–1035 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199404143301501 |pmid=8127329 |issn=0028-4793 | vauthors = Alpha-Tocopherol BC }}</ref><ref name=PKIN2020Carotenoids/> Taking this and other evidence into consideration, the U.S. Institute of Medicine decided not to set a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for β-carotene.<ref name=PKIN2020Carotenoids/><ref name="DRItextBetaCarotene">{{cite book |title=Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids |chapter=Beta-carotene and other Carotenoids |publisher=The National Academies Press |year=2000 |location=Washington, DC |pages=325–382 |doi=10.17226/9810 |pmid=25077263 |chapter-url=https://www.nap.edu/read/9810/chapter/10 |access-date=19 December 2021 |isbn=978-0-309-06935-9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902180153/https://www.nap.edu/read/9810/chapter/10 |archive-date=2 September 2017|author1=Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants Related Compounds }}</ref> The European Food Safety Authority, acting for the European Union, also decided not to set a UL for β-carotene.<ref name=EFSA-UL/>
[[File:Carrots.JPG|thumb|upright|right|250px|[[Carrot]]s are a rich source of β-carotene.]]