Editing Varna, Bulgaria (section)

===Ethnic, linguistic and religious composition===

[[File:Catedral de la Dormición de la Madre de Dios, Varna, Bulgaria, 2016-05-27, DD 109-111 HDR.jpg|thumb|Cathedral [[dome]]]]
[[File:Warna cerkiew1.jpg|thumb|[[Debar]] school [[Wood carving|wood-carved]] [[iconostasis]]]]

Most Varnians (варненци, ''varnentsi'') are ethnic [[Bulgarians]] (94%). Ethnic Turks rank second with 3%; however by 2009, [[Russians]] and other Russian-speaking recent immigrants with no Bulgarian citizenship, estimated at over 20,000, perhaps have outnumbered them, additionally there is a growing number of new Asian and African immigrants and corporate [[expatriate]]s. These are mostly students of the medical university of Varna. There is a comparable number of Romani (1% of the population) mostly in three distinctive and largely impoverished neighbourhoods: Maksuda; Rozova Dolina in the [[Asparuhovo, Varna|Asparuhovo]] district; and Chengene Kula in the Vladislavovo district, while Varna is spearheading several programs on Romani integration. [[Armenians]], [[Greeks]], Jews, and other long-standing ethnic groups are also present although in much smaller numbers. With the departure of most Turks and Greeks and the arrival of Bulgarian refugees and settlers from inland, Northern [[Dobruja]], [[Bessarabia]], and [[Anatolia|Asia Minor]], and later, of refugees from [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]], Eastern [[Thrace]] and Southern Dobruja following the [[Second Balkan War]] and the First World War, ethnic diversity gave way to Bulgarian predominance, although sizeable minorities of [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]], Armenians, and [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardic Jews]] remained for decades.

According to the 1876 census of the [[Danube Vilayet]] in the [[Ottoman Empire]], the population of Varna consisted of a majority of [[Bulgarians]] (50%) and a minority of [[Muslims]] (over 40%).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tti.btk.mta.hu/images/2015/EM.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 March 2019 |archive-date=14 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114005610/https://tti.btk.mta.hu/images/2015/EM.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> A significant part were Turkish-speaking Christians ([[Gagauzes]]) who identified as Bulgarians.

According to the 1881 census in Bulgaria, the [[Turkish language]] was a mother tongue for 8903 people (36.25%), for 6721 was the [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] (27.36%), for 5,367 was Greek (21.85%) and Tatar for 837 (3.41%). By ethnic group, ethnic Bulgarians were then 6,714, of whom 4478 men and 2236 women.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chernomore.bg/jivot/2016-02-02/kak-dedite-ni-slozhiha-balgarski-pechat-na-varna|title=Как дедите ни сложиха "български печат" на Варна|access-date=26 August 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625092104/http://www.chernomore.bg/jivot/2016-02-02/kak-dedite-ni-slozhiha-balgarski-pechat-na-varna|archive-date=25 June 2016}}</ref>

According to the latest 2011 census data, the individuals declared their ethnic identity were distributed as follows:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908134107/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls |archive-date=8 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521202356/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls |archive-date=21 May 2013 }}</ref>
*[[Bulgarians]]: 284,738 (93.8%)
*[[Bulgarian Turks|Turks]]: 10,028 (3.6%)
*[[Romani people in Bulgaria|Romani]]: 3,162 (1.0%)
*Others: 3,378 (1.1%)
*Indefinable: 2,288 (0.8%)
**Undeclared: 31,276 (10.3%)
Total: 334,781

In [[Varna Municipality]] 290,780 declared as Bulgarians, 11,089 as Turks, 3,535 as Romani and 34,758 did not declare their ethnic group.

According to the 2001 census data, the ethnic composition was as follows:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.strategy.bg/FileHandler.ashx?fileId=200 |title=Archived copy |access-date=28 October 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706143808/http://www.strategy.bg/FileHandler.ashx?fileId=200 |archive-date=6 July 2011 }}</ref>
*[[Bulgarians]]: 296,407 (92.5%)
*[[Bulgarian Turks|Turks]]: 12,295 (3.8%)
*[[Romani people in Bulgaria|Romani]]: 3,748 (1.2%)
*Others: 4,566 (1.4%)
*Indefinable: 2,406 (0.8%)
**Undeclared: 1,042 (0.3%)
Total: 320,464