Editing Uzbek language (section)

== By country ==
=== Turkmenistan ===
In Turkmenistan since the 2000s the government conducted a forced "[[Turkmenization]]" of ethnic Uzbeks living in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-11-24 |title="Туркменизация" руководящих кадров в Дашогузе |url=https://memohrc.org/ru/news/turkmenizaciya-rukovodyashchih-kadrov-v-dashoguze |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=Правозащитный центр «Мемориал»}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iamik.ru/news/zarubezhe/49082/ |title=iamik.ru — Туркменизация узбеков |access-date=17 June 2019 |archive-date=17 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617183617/https://iamik.ru/news/zarubezhe/49082/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-02 |title=В Туркмении завершается принудительная туркменизация |url=https://www.vb.kg/doc/351382_v_tyrkmenii_zavershaetsia_prinyditelnaia_tyrkmenizaciia.html |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=Вечерний Бишкек}}</ref> In the Soviet years and in the 1990s, the Uzbek language was used freely in Turkmenistan. There were several hundred schools in the Uzbek language, many newspapers were published in this language. Now there are only a few Uzbek schools in the country, as well as a few newspapers in Uzbek. Despite this, the Uzbek language is still considered to be one of the recognized languages of national minorities in this country. Approximately 300,000–600,000 Uzbeks live in Turkmenistan. Most of the Uzbek speakers live in [[Daşoguz Region|Dashoghuz Velayat]], as well as in [[Lebap Region|Lebap Velayat]] and partly in [[Ashgabat|Ashghabad]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-14 |title=Туркменские узбеки тихо ликуют и следят за Мирзиёевым |url=https://365info.kz/2018/04/turkmenskie-uzbeki-tiho-likuyut-i-sledyat-za-mirziyoevym |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=365info.kz |language=ru-KZ}}</ref>

=== Russia ===
Uzbek is one of the many recognized languages of national minorities in [[Russia]]. More than 400 thousand [[Uzbeks]] are citizens of the Russian Federation and live in the country. Also in Russia there are 2 to 6 million Uzbeks from the [[Central Asia]]n republics (mainly [[Uzbekistan]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and [[Tajikistan]]) who are immigrants and migrants. Large diasporas of Uzbeks live in large cities of Russia such as [[Saint Petersburg]]. Signs in Uzbek are often found in these cities. Signs refer mainly to various restaurants and eateries, barbershops, shops selling fruits, vegetables and textile products. There is a small clinic, where signs and labels are in the Uzbek language. Uzbeks in Russia prefer to use the Cyrillic Uzbek alphabet, but in recent years Uzbek youth in Russia are also actively using the Latin Uzbek alphabet. Small newspapers in Uzbek are published in large cities of Russia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=В Москве начинает выходить газета на узбекском языке |url=http://www.fergananews.com/articles/7393 |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=Фергана.Ру}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=oldadmin |date=2012-06-12 |title=В Москве начинает выходить газета на узбекском языке - Вести.kg - Новости Кыргызстана |url=https://vesti.kg/politika/item/13247-v-moskve-nachinaet-vyihodit-gazeta-na-uzbekskom-yazyike.html |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=vesti.kg |language=ru-ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=В Москве начинает выходить газета на узбекском языке |url=https://www.caravan.kz/news/v-moskve-nachinaet-vykhodit-gazeta-na-uzbekskom-yazyke-311291/ |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=www.caravan.kz |language=ru}}</ref> Some instructions for immigrants and migrants are duplicated, including in Uzbek. Uzbek language is studied by Russian students in the faculties of [[Turkology]] throughout Russia.{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}} The largest Uzbek language learning centers in Russia are located in the universities of Moscow and Saint Petersburg. There are also many [[Russians]] who are interested in and love the Uzbek language and culture and who study this language for themselves. Uzbek is one of the most studied languages among the many languages of the former USSR in Russia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Москвичи, изучающие узбекский, таджикский и молдавский языки |url=https://www.the-village.ru/people/people-city/162387-lyudi-v-gorode-vypuskniki-shkoly-yazykov-migrantov |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=The Village |language=ru}}</ref>

=== Uzbek language researchers ===
Scientific interest in the history of the Uzbek language arose in the 19th century among European and Russian orientalists. [[Ármin Vámbéry|A. Vambery]], V. Bartold, Sh. Lapin and others wrote about the history of the Uzbek language. Much attention was paid to the study of the history of the language in the Soviet period. E. Polivanov, [[Nikolai Baskakov (linguist)|N.Baskakov]],<ref>Baskakov N. A. Istoriko-tipologicheskaya fonologiya tyurkskikh yazykov M.: Nauka, 1988.</ref> A.Kononov,<ref>Kononov A. N. Grammatika sovremennogo uzbekskogo literaturnogo yazyka. M., L.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1960</ref> U. Tursunov, A. Mukhtarov, Sh. Rakhmatullaev and others wrote about the history of the Uzbek language among famous linguists.