Editing Typhon (section)

====Mount Kasios====
Like the Typhonomachy, several Near East myths,  tell of battles between a storm-god and a snaky monster associated with Mount Kasios, the modern [[Jebel Aqra]]. These myths are usually considered to be the origins of the myth of Zeus's battle with Typhon.<ref>Fontenrose, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC&pg=PA145 p. 145]; Watkins,  pp. 448 ff.; Ogden 2013a, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA14 14–15], [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA75 75]. For a detailed discussion of the myths surrounding the Jebel Aqra and their relationship with the Typhonomachy see Lane Fox, pp. 242–301.</ref>

=====Baal Sapon vs. Yamm=====
From the south side of the Jebel Aqra, comes the tale of [[Baal-zephon|Baal Sapon]], and [[Yam (god)|Yamm]], the deified Sea (like Tiamat above). Fragmentary [[Ugaritic]] tablets, dated to the fourteenth or thirteenth-century BC, tell the story of the [[Canaan]]ite storm-god Baal Sapon's battle against the monstrous Yamm on Mount Sapuna the Canaanite name for later Greeks' Mount Kasios. Baal defeats Yamm with two throwing clubs (thunderbolts?) named 'Expeller' and 'Chaser', which fly like eagles from the storm-god's hands. Other tablets associate the defeat of the snaky Yamm with the slaying of a seven headed serpent [[Lotan|''ltn'' (Litan/Lotan)]], apparently corresponding to the biblical [[Leviathan]].<ref>Fontenrose, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC&pg=PA129 pp. 129–138]; West 1997, pp. 84–87; Lane Fox, pp. 244–245, 282; Ogden 2013a, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA12 12], [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA14 14], [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA75 75].</ref>

=====Tarhunna vs. Illuyanka=====
[[Image:Museum of Anatolian Civilizations082 kopie1jpg.jpg|thumb|right|300px| [[Tarḫunna|Tarhunna]] battles the serpent [[Illuyanka]], [[Museum of Anatolian Civilizations]], [[Ankara]], [[Turkey]].]]
From the north side of the Jebel Aqra, come [[Hittites|Hittite]] myths, c. 1250 BC, which tell two versions of the storm-god [[Tarḫunna|Tarhunna]]'s (Tarhunta's) battle against the serpent [[Illuyanka|Illuyanka(s)]].<ref>Fontenrose, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC&pg=PA121 pp. 121–125]; West 1966, pp. 391–392 line 853; Burkert, [https://books.google.com/books?id=VyoiAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20 p. 20]; Penglase, pp. 163–164; Watkins, pp. 444–446; West 1997, p. 304; Lane Fox, pp. 284–285; Ogden 2013a, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA12 12–13], [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA75 75], [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA77 77–78].</ref> In both of these versions, Tarhunna suffers an initial defeat against Illuyanka. In one version, Tarhunna seeks help from the goddess [[Inara (goddess)|Inara]], who lures Illuyanka from his lair with a banquet, thereby enabling Tarhunna to surprise and kill Illuyanka. In the other version Illuyanka steals the heart and eyes of the defeated god, but Tarhunna's son marries a daughter of Illuyanka and is able to retrieve Tarhunna's stolen body parts, whereupon Tarhunna kills Illuyanka.

These stories particularly resemble details found in the accounts of the Typhonomachy of Apollodorus, Oppian and Nonnus, which, though late accounts, possibly preserve much earlier ones:<ref>West 1966, pp. 21–22, 391–392 line 853; Penglase, p. 164 (who calls Tarhunna by his Hurrian name Teshub); Lane Fox, pp. 286–287; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA77 pp. 77–78]</ref> The storm-god's initial defeat (Apollodorus, Nonnus), the loss of vital body parts (sinews: Apollodorus, Nonnus), the help of allies (Hermes and Aegipan: Apollodorus; Cadmos and Pan: Nonnus; Pan: Oppian), the luring of the serpentine opponent from his lair through the trickery of a banquet (Oppian, or by music: Nonnus).

=====Teshub vs. Hedammu and Ullikummi=====
Another c. 1250 BC Hittite text, derived from the [[Hurrians]], tells of the Hurrian storm-god [[Teshub]] (with whom the Hittite's Tarhunna came to be identified) who lived on [[Mount Hazzi]], the Hurrian name for the Jebel Aqra, and his battle with the sea-serpent Hedammu. Again the storm-god is aided by a goddess Sauska (equivalent to Inaru), who this time seduces the monster with music (as in Nonnus), drink, and sex, successfully luring the serpent from his lair in the sea.<ref>Lane Fox, pp. 245, 284, 285–286; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA13 p. 13].</ref> Just as the Typhonomachy can be seen as a sequel to the Titanomachy, a different Hittite text derived from the Hurrians, ''The Song of Ullikummi'', a kind of sequel to the Hittite "kingship in heaven" succession myths of which the story of Teshub and Hedammu formed a part, tells of a second monster, this time made of stone, named Ullikummi that Teshub must defeat, in order to secure his rule.<ref>West 1966, pp. 21, 379–380, 381; Burkert, p. 20; Penglase, pp. 156, 159, 163; West 1997, pp. 103–104; Lane Fox, p. 286.</ref>