Editing Thalidomide (section)

===Thalidomide analogs===
{{Main|Development of analogs of thalidomide}}
The exploration of the [[antiangiogenic]] and immunomodulatory activities of thalidomide has led to the study and creation of thalidomide [[Functional analog (chemistry)|analog]]s.<ref name="pmid10447943">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Shah JH, Swartz GM, Papathanassiu AE, Treston AM, Fogler WE, Madsen JW, Green SJ |date=August 1999 |title=Synthesis and enantiomeric separation of 2-phthalimidino-glutaric acid analogues: potent inhibitors of tumor metastasis |journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry |volume=42 |issue=16 |pages=3014–7 |doi=10.1021/jm990083y |pmid=10447943}}</ref><ref name="pmid11740816">{{Cite journal |vauthors=D'Amato RJ, Lentzsch S, Anderson KC, Rogers MS |date=December 2001 |title=Mechanism of action of thalidomide and 3-aminothalidomide in multiple myeloma |journal=Seminars in Oncology |volume=28 |issue=6 |pages=597–601 |doi=10.1016/S0093-7754(01)90031-4 |pmid=11740816}}</ref> Celgene has sponsored numerous clinical trials with analogues to thalidomide, such as [[lenalidomide]], that are substantially more powerful and have fewer side effects&nbsp;— except for greater [[myelosuppression]].<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rao KV |date=September 2007 |title=Lenalidomide in the treatment of multiple myeloma |journal=American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy |volume=64 |issue=17 |pages=1799–807 |doi=10.2146/ajhp070029 |pmid=17724360}}</ref> In 2005, Celgene received FDA approval for [[lenalidomide]] (Revlimid) as the first commercially useful derivative. Revlimid is available only in a restricted distribution setting to avoid its use during pregnancy. Further studies are being conducted to find safer compounds with useful qualities. Another more potent analog, [[pomalidomide]], is now FDA-approved.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search of: pomalidomide |url=http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/search?term=pomalidomide&submit=Search |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703130302/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/search?term=pomalidomide&submit=Search |archive-date=3 July 2015 |access-date=1 September 2012 |publisher=Clinicaltrials.gov}}</ref> Additionally, [[apremilast]] was approved by the FDA in March 2014. These [[Discovery and development of thalidomide and its analogs|thalidomide analogs]] can be used to treat different diseases, or used in a regimen to fight two conditions.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Raghupathy R, Billett HH |date=March 2009 |title=Promising therapies in sickle cell disease |journal=Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Drug Targets |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.2174/187152909787581354 |pmid=19275572}}</ref>

Interest turned to [[pomalidomide]], a [[derivative (chemistry)|derivative]] of thalidomide marketed by [[Celgene Corporation|Celgene]]. It is a very active anti-angiogenic agent<ref name=pmid11740816/>  and also acts as an [[immunomodulator]]. Pomalidomide was approved in February 2013 by the FDA as a treatment for relapsed and refractory [[multiple myeloma]].<ref name="P1">{{Cite web |title=Pomalyst (Pomalidomide) Approved By FDA For Relapsed And Refractory Multiple Myeloma |url=http://www.myelomabeacon.com/news/2013/02/08/pomalyst-pomalidomide-fda-approval-multiple-myeloma/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107033928/http://www.myelomabeacon.com/news/2013/02/08/pomalyst-pomalidomide-fda-approval-multiple-myeloma/ |archive-date=7 January 2014 |access-date=10 August 2013 |publisher=The Myeloma Beacon}}</ref> It received a similar approval from the [[European Commission]] in August 2013, and is expected to be marketed in Europe under the brand name '''Imnovid'''.<ref name="P2">{{Cite web |title=Pomalidomide Approved In Europe For Relapsed And Refractory Multiple Myeloma |url=http://www.myelomabeacon.com/news/2013/08/09/pomalidomide-imnovid-pomalyst-europe-ema-approval-multiple-myeloma/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118140152/http://www.myelomabeacon.com/news/2013/08/09/pomalidomide-imnovid-pomalyst-europe-ema-approval-multiple-myeloma/ |archive-date=18 January 2014 |access-date=10 August 2013 |publisher=The Myeloma Beacon}}</ref>