Editing Second Intifada (section)

===End of the Second Intifada===
The ending date of the Second Intifada is disputed, as there was no definite event that brought it to an end.<ref name=Schachter>{{cite journal |last=Schachter |first=Jonathan |year=2010 |title=The End of the Second Intifada? |journal=Strategic Assessment |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=63–69 |url=http://www.inss.org.il/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/systemfiles/(FILE)1289897140.pdf |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=8 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408094351/https://www.inss.org.il/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/systemfiles/(FILE)1289897140.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The general view is that it ended in 2005, while some sources include events and statistics extending as late as 2007.<ref name="Plaw2016" >Avery Plaw,[https://books.google.com/books?id=pIDeCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT112 Targeting Terrorists: A License to Kill?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331022531/https://books.google.com/books?id=pIDeCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT112 |date=31 March 2019 }}, [[Routledge]], 2016 {{ISBN|978-1-317-04671-4}} pp.63ff.</ref>

* Some commentators, such as Sever Plocker,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3558676,00.html |title=2nd Intifada Forgotten |author=Sever Plocker |work=[[Ynetnews]] |date=22 June 2008 |access-date=28 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819220413/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3558676,00.html |archive-date=19 August 2014}}</ref> consider the intifada to have ended in late 2004. With the sickness and then death of Yasser Arafat in November 2004, the Palestinians lost their internationally recognised leader of the previous three decades, after which the intifada lost momentum and led to internal fighting between Palestinian factions (most notably the [[Fatah–Hamas conflict]]), as well as conflict within Fatah itself.
* Israel's unilateral disengagement from the Gaza Strip, announced in June 2004 and completed in August 2005, is also cited as signalling the end of the intifada, for instance by Ramzy Baroud.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ruth Tenne |url=http://www.isj.org.uk/index.php4?id=384&issue=116 |journal=[[International Socialism (magazine)|International Socialism]] |title=Rising of the oppressed: the second Intifada |date=Autumn 2007 |issue=116 |access-date=22 May 2009 |archive-date=8 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108151127/http://www.isj.org.uk/index.php4?id=384&issue=116 |url-status=live}} Review of {{cite book |author=Ramzy Baroud |author2=Kathleen Christison |author3=Bill Christison |author4=Jennifer Loewenstein |title=The Second Palestinian Intifada: A Chronicle of a People's Struggle |publisher=[[Pluto Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7453-2547-7}}</ref>
* Some consider 8 February 2005 to be the official end of the Second Intifada, although sporadic violence still continued outside PA control or condonation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zionism-israel.com/his/Israel_timeline_1993_present.htm |title=Timeline (Chronology) of Israel and Zionism 1993–present day |publisher=ZioNation |access-date=13 November 2011 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303181608/http://www.zionism-israel.com/his/Israel_timeline_1993_present.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Brad A. Greenberg |date=3 December 2008 |url=https://jewishjournal.com/community/67396/ |title=UC to Reopen Study in Israel |newspaper=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles]] |access-date=13 November 2011 |archive-date=24 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324173006/https://jewishjournal.com/community/67396/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On that day, Abbas and Sharon met at the [[Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005|Sharm el-Sheikh Summit]], where they vowed to end attacks on each other.<ref name=2005ceasefire>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/meast/02/08/mideast/ |title=Palestinian, Israeli leaders announce cease-fire |last1=Wedeman |first1=Ben |last2=Raz |first2=Guy |last3=Koppel |first3=Andrea |publisher=[[CNN]] |year=2005 |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=12 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012113523/http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/meast/02/08/mideast/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1482803/Palestinian-ceasefire-ends-four-year-intifada.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1482803/Palestinian-ceasefire-ends-four-year-intifada.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |title=Palestinian ceasefire ends four-year intifada |first=Inigo |last=Gilmore |date=4 February 2005 |access-date=23 May 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In addition, Sharon agreed to release 900 [[Palestinian prisoners in Israel|Palestinian prisoners]] and withdraw from West Bank towns. Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) refused to be parties to the agreement, arguing the cease-fire was the position of the PA only.<ref name=2005ceasefire /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/sustaining-an-israeli-palestinian-ceasefire |title=Sustaining an Israeli-Palestinian Ceasefire|last=Levitt |first=Matthew |publisher=[[The Washington Institute for Near East Policy|The Washington Institute]] |year=2005 |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=10 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810131341/http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/sustaining-an-israeli-palestinian-ceasefire |url-status=live}}</ref> Five days later Abbas reached agreement with the two dissenting organizations to commit to the truce with the proviso that Israeli violation would be met with retaliation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=24111 |title=Hamas, Jihad Commit to Truce Provided Israel Reciprocates [Mechanism to attack Israel if Israel acts] |publisher=Palestine Media Center – PMC [Official PA website] |date=13 February 2005 |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=10 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810132311/http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=24111 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Schachter addressed the difficulties in deciding when the Second Intifada ended. He reasoned that suicide bombing was the best criterion, being arguably the most important element of the violence involved, and that according to this criterion the intifada ended during 2005.<ref name=Schachter />