Editing Rosa Parks (section)

==In popular culture==
===Film and television===
In 1999, Parks filmed a cameo appearance for the television series ''[[Touched by an Angel]]''.{{sfn|Hanson|2011|p=xxiv}} She was played by Iris Little-Thomas in the 2001 film ''[[Boycott (2001 film)|Boycott]]'', directed by [[Clark Johnson]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=James |first1=Caryn |title=How History Was Made In a Moment of Defiance |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/23/movies/television-review-how-history-was-made-in-a-moment-of-defiance.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=February 23, 2001}}</ref> and by [[Angela Bassett]] in the 2002 biopic ''[[The Rosa Parks Story]]'', directed by [[Julie Dash]].{{sfn|Richardson|2013|p=61}} She was also the subject of the [[short film|short]] [[documentary film]] ''[[Mighty Times: The Legacy of Rosa Parks]]'',{{sfn|Richardson|2013|p=57}} which was nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film|Best Documentary Short Film]] at the [[75th Academy Awards]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Academy Award® Nominees |url=http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2003/oscars/print.ballot.html |website=CNN |access-date=March 23, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105230549/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2003/oscars/print.ballot.html |archive-date=November 5, 2013 |date=2003}}</ref>

The 2002 film ''[[Barbershop (film)|Barbershop]]'', directed by [[Tim Story]], garnered controversy due to its inclusion of a scene discussing Parks's actions. In the scene, Eddie, played by [[Cedric the Entertainer]], downplays Rosa Parks's role in the civil rights movement, arguing that her actions were simply those of a tired person and that many others had performed similar acts of defiance without receiving recognition. He attributes her fame to her NAACP connections and association with King.{{sfn|Richardson|2021|p=106}} Jesse Jackson and activist [[Al Sharpton]] criticized the movie, with Sharpton calling for a boycott of the film.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Duncan |author1-link=Duncan Campbell (journalist, born 1944) |title=Storm in a Barbershop |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/sep/29/film.filmnews |website=The Guardian |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=September 29, 2002}}</ref> However, NAACP President [[Kweisi Mfume]] stated he thought the controversy was "overblown".<ref>{{cite web |title='Barbershop' actor to host Image Awards |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jan-25-et-filler25-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=January 25, 2003 |agency=The Associated Press}}</ref> Parks herself boycotted the 2003 [[NAACP Image Awards]] ceremony, which Cedric hosted.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rosa Parks boycotts NAACP awards ceremony |url=http://www.recordnet.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20030309/A_NEWS/303099980 |website=Recordnet.com |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=2003 |agency=The Associated Press}}</ref>

The 2018 episode "[[Rosa (Doctor Who)|Rosa]]", of the science-fiction television series ''[[Doctor Who]]'', centers on Parks, as portrayed by [[Vinette Robinson]]. The episode was received positively, with many online commenters determining that "the writers hadn't undermined the legacy of Rosa Parks", according to commentary from the [[BBC]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Doctor Who: Why has the Rosa Parks episode got people talking? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-45939324 |website=BBC |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=October 22, 2018}}</ref> In 2022, the documentary ''The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks'', the first full-length documentary about Parks, was released on [[Peacock (streaming service)|Peacock]]. The documentary, directed by Johanna Hamilton and [[Yoruba Richen]], was inspired by Theoharis's biography of the same name.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hinds |first1=Julie |title=Rosa Parks documentary on Peacock redefines the legend's courageous life |url=https://www.freep.com/story/entertainment/movies/julie-hinds/2022/10/19/rebellious-life-of-mrs-rosa-parks-now-streaming-on-peacock/69572255007/ |website=Detroit Free Press |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=October 19, 2022}}</ref>

===Music===
In 1998, Parks filed a $5 billion [[Parks v. LaFace Records|lawsuit]] against American hip-hop duo [[Outkast]] and their record company claiming that the duo's song "[[Rosa Parks (song)|Rosa Parks]]", released on their 1998 album ''[[Aquemini]]'', used her name without permission, harming her reputation.{{sfnm|1a1=Hanson|1y=2011|1p=159|2a1=Richardson|2y=2021|2p=106}} After a federal court dismissed the lawsuit, Parks filed another suit in 2004 against [[BMG Rights Management]], [[Arista Records]], and [[LaFace Records]]. A settlement was reached in 2005, wherein Outkast and BMG agreed to pursue projects that would "enlighten today's youth about the significant role Rosa Parks played in making America a better place for all races" without admitting liability.  The role of Steele, co-founder of the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute, and Parks's attorney, Gregory Reed, in these legal proceedings was subject to scrutiny, with some accusing them of "exploiting" Parks for their own again.{{sfn|Hanson|2011|p=159}}

Rapper [[Nicki Minaj]] received backlash online for incorporating Parks into her 2020 song "[[Yikes (Nicki Minaj song)|Yikes]]", where she rapped, "All you bitches Rosa Park, uh-oh, get your ass up". Journalist Ernest Owens criticized the lyric for its inaccurate portrayal of Parks's actions: {{blockquote|Y'all go remind Nicki Minaj that. Quick history lesson: She never got up, she stayed seated. The lyric makes no sense.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Saponara |first1=Michael |title=Nicki Minaj Slammed For Rosa Parks Reference in Preview of New Song 'Yikes' |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/nicki-minaj-previews-yikes-8550084/ |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=February 4, 2020}}</ref>}}

===Other===
One of the cards in the [[Supersisters]] trading card set, released in 1979, featured Parks's name and picture. She is card no. 27 in the set.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wulf |first1=Steve |title=Supersisters: Original Roster |url=https://www.espn.com/espnw/news-commentary/story/_/id/12535055/original-roster |website=ESPN |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=March 21, 2015}}</ref> In 2019, [[Mattel]] released a [[Barbie]] doll in Parks's likeness as part of their "Inspiring Women" series.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Macht |first1=Daniel |title=Barbie Releases Dolls Honoring Rosa Parks, Sally Ride |url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/national-international/barbie-releases-dolls-honoring-rosa-parks-sally-ride/132379/ |website=NBC |access-date=March 23, 2025 |date=August 27, 2019}}</ref>

On January 4, 2016, the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit]] reviewed a lawsuit brought by the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self Development against American retail corporation [[Target Corporation|Target]]. In the lawsuit, the institute alleged that Target infringed on Parks's rights to her name and likeness by selling merchandise using her name, contrary to a Michigan law safeguarding against the unauthorized use of a person's identity for commercial gain. The court's ruling, given by Judge [[Robin S. Rosenbaum]], stated that "the use of Rosa Parks's name and likeness in the books, movie, and plaque are necessary to chronicling and discussing the history of the Civil Rights Movement — matters quintessentially embraced and protected by Michigan's [[qualified privilege]]", permitting the sale of the items at Target.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gardner |first1=Eriq |title=Rosa Parks Heirs Lose Legal Battle Over Movie, Books Sold at Target |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/rosa-parks-heirs-lose-legal-851986/ |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=April 22, 2025 |date=January 4, 2016}}</ref>