Editing Richmond Park (section)

===Gates===
====Six original gates====
[[File:Richmond gates of Richmond Park (March 2010) 2.jpg|thumb|upright|Richmond Gate, designed by [[Sir John Soane]]]]
When the park was enclosed in 1637 there were six gates in the boundary wall: Coombe Gate, Ham Gate, Richmond Gate, Robin Hood Gate, Roehampton Gate and Sheen Gate. Of these, Richmond Gate has the heaviest traffic. The present gates were designed by [[Sir John Soane]]<ref name="Soane">{{cite web | url=https://www.frp.org.uk/gate-design-credited-to-soane/| title=Gate design credited to Soane | date=1 October 2010 | publisher=[[#Friends of Richmond Park|Friends of Richmond Park]] | access-date=10 September 2023}}</ref><ref name="EH Richmond Gate">{{National Heritage List for England |num=1263361|desc=Richmond Gate Lodge, Screen Walls, Gate Piers and Gates|date = 10 January 1950|access-date= 19 October 2016}}</ref> and were widened in 1896.<ref name= McDowall71-78/> Sheen Gate was where the brewer John Lewis asserted pedestrian right of entry in 1755 after Princess Amelia had denied it. The present double gates date from 1926.<ref name= McDowall71-78/> Coombe Gate (later known as Ladderstile Gate) provided access to the park for the parishioners of [[Coombe, Kingston upon Thames|Coombe]], with both a gate and a [[stepladder]]. The gate was locked in the early 1700s and bricked up in about 1735. The stepladder was reinstated after John Lewis's case in 1758 and remained in place until about 1884. The present gate dates from 1901.<ref name= "McDowall71-78">McDowall, pp. 71–78</ref> The present [[wrought iron]] gates of Roehampton Gate were installed in 1899.<ref name= McDowall71-78/> Ham Gate was widened in 1921, when the present wrought iron gates were installed. The ''[[chinoiserie]]'' lantern lights over the gate were installed in 1825.<ref name= McDowall71-78/>

Robin Hood Gate takes its name from the nearby Robin Hood Inn (demolished in 2001) and is close to what is called<ref name="Robin Hood Roundabout">{{cite web | url=https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/675837 | title=A3 Robin Hood Roundabout | publisher=[[Geograph]] | access-date=8 October 2012 | author=Nigel Cox}}</ref> the Robin Hood roundabout on the [[A3 road|A3]]. Widened in 1907,<ref name= McDowall71-78/> it has been closed to motorised vehicles since a 2003 traffic reduction trial.<ref name="Aylward">{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/3051399.stm |title=Park blocks scenic rat run |author=Juliet Aylward |date=10 June 2003 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=1 June 2022}}</ref> Alterations commenced in 2013 to make the gates more suitable for pedestrian use and return some of the hard surface to parkland.<ref name="March 2013 diaries">{{cite web | url=https://www.frp.org.uk/march-park-diaries-2/ | title=March Park diaries | publisher=[[#Friends of Richmond Park|Friends of Richmond Park]] | date=7 March 2013 | access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref>

====Other gates====

Chohole Gate served the farm that stood within the park on the site of the present Kings Farm Plantation. It is first mentioned in 1680.<ref name= McDowall71-78/> The gate now provides access to [[Richmond Park Golf Course]].

Kingston Gate dates from about 1750. The existing gates date from 1898.<ref name= McDowall71-78/>

Bog Gate, or Queen's Gate, which connects the park with [[East Sheen Common]], was built in 1736. Public access to the park via this gate, 24 hours a day, was granted in 1894 and the present "cradle" gate was installed.<ref name="McDowall 70">McDowall, p. 70</ref>

Petersham Gate served the Russell School, replacing the more ornate gates to Petersham Lodge. A disused carriage gate further up the hill was probably a tradesman's entrance to the school or to the Lodge stables.<ref name= McDowall71-78/>

Bishop's Gate in Chisholm Road, previously known as the Cattle Gate, was for use by livestock allowed to pasture in the nineteenth century. It was opened for public use in 1896.<ref name= McDowall71-78/>

Kitchen Garden Gate, hidden behind Teck Plantation, is probably a nineteenth-century gate. It has never been open to the public.<ref name="McDowall 70"/>

Cambrian Gate or Cambrian Road Gate<ref name= McDowall71-78/> was constructed during World War I for access to the newly built South African Military Hospital.<ref name="Lost"/><ref name="Hearsum WWI">{{cite web | url=https://hearsumcollection.org.uk/the-first-world-war-and-richmond-park/ | title=The First World War and Richmond Park | publisher=The Hearsum Collection | date= 2 June 2015 | access-date=15 July 2023}}</ref><ref>Cloake, p. 198</ref> When the hospital was demolished in 1925, the entrance was made permanent, with public access, as a pedestrian gate.<ref name= McDowall71-78/>