Editing Promoter (genetics) (section)

== Synthetic promoter design and engineering ==
Promoters are important gene regulatory elements used in tuning [[Synthetic biology|synthetically designed]] genetic circuits and [[metabolic network]]s. For example, to overexpress an important gene in a network, to yield higher production of target protein, synthetic biologists design promoters to upregulate its [[Transcription (biology)|expression]]. Automated [[algorithm]]s can be used to design neutral DNA or insulators that do not trigger gene expression of downstream sequences.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hossain A, Lopez E, Halper SM, Cetnar DP, Reis AC, Strickland D, Klavins E, Salis HM | display-authors = 6 | title = Automated design of thousands of nonrepetitive parts for engineering stable genetic systems | journal = Nature Biotechnology | volume = 38 | issue = 12 | pages = 1466–1475 | date = December 2020 | pmid = 32661437 | doi = 10.1038/s41587-020-0584-2 | s2cid = 220506228 | url = https://scholarsphere.psu.edu/resources/bc01023b-9262-4356-9e2a-81eb4d8e0068 }}</ref><ref name=":0" />