Editing Pennsylvania (section)

==Economy==
{{See also|List of Pennsylvania counties by per capita income}}
[[File:Pennsylvania vs US unemployment 1976-2021.png|thumb|{{legend|#4572A7|Pennsylvania's unemployment rate between 1976 and 2021}}
{{legend|#AA4643|The U.S. unemployment rate during these years}}]]
As of 2024, Pennsylvania's [[gross state product]] (GSP) is $1.017 trillion, the [[List of U.S. states and territories by GDP|sixth-largest]] among all U.S. states, behind [[California]], [[Texas]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[Florida]], and [[Illinois]].<ref name="GDPByState">{{cite web |title=GDP by State |url=https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state |website=GDP by State &#124; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) |publisher=Bureau of Economic Analysis |access-date=April 10, 2022}}</ref>	If Pennsylvania [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|were an independent country]], its economy, as of 2023, would rank as the 20th-largest in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=32&pr.y=19&sy=2015&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512,672,914,946,612,137,614,546,311,962,213,674,911,676,193,548,122,556,912,678,313,181,419,867,513,682,316,684,913,273,124,868,339,921,638,948,514,943,218,686,963,688,616,518,223,728,516,558,918,138,748,196,618,278,624,692,522,694,622,142,156,449,626,564,628,565,228,283,924,853,233,288,632,293,636,566,634,964,238,182,662,359,960,453,423,968,935,922,128,714,611,862,321,135,243,716,248,456,469,722,253,942,642,718,643,724,939,576,644,936,819,961,172,813,132,199,646,733,648,184,915,524,134,361,652,362,174,364,328,732,258,366,656,734,654,144,336,146,263,463,268,528,532,923,944,738,176,578,534,537,536,742,429,866,433,369,178,744,436,186,136,925,343,869,158,746,439,926,916,466,664,112,826,111,542,298,967,927,443,846,917,299,544,582,941,474,446,754,666,698,668&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|website=www.imf.org|language=en-US|access-date=January 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131024038/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=32&pr.y=19&sy=2015&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512,672,914,946,612,137,614,546,311,962,213,674,911,676,193,548,122,556,912,678,313,181,419,867,513,682,316,684,913,273,124,868,339,921,638,948,514,943,218,686,963,688,616,518,223,728,516,558,918,138,748,196,618,278,624,692,522,694,622,142,156,449,626,564,628,565,228,283,924,853,233,288,632,293,636,566,634,964,238,182,662,359,960,453,423,968,935,922,128,714,611,862,321,135,243,716,248,456,469,722,253,942,642,718,643,724,939,576,644,936,819,961,172,813,132,199,646,733,648,184,915,524,134,361,652,362,174,364,328,732,258,366,656,734,654,144,336,146,263,463,268,528,532,923,944,738,176,578,534,537,536,742,429,866,433,369,178,744,436,186,136,925,343,869,158,746,439,926,916,466,664,112,826,111,542,298,967,927,443,846,917,299,544,582,941,474,446,754,666,698,668&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=|archive-date=January 31, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> On a per capita basis, Pennsylvania's 2021 per capita income of $68,957 ranks 21st among the 50 states.<ref name="stategdp">{{cite web|url=https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2019-04/qgdpstate0519_4.pdf|title=Regional Economic Accounts|access-date=January 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501132003/https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2019-04/qgdpstate0519_4.pdf|archive-date=May 1, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 2016, there were 5,354,964 people in employment in Pennsylvania with 301,484 total employer establishments. As of January 2024, the state's unemployment rate is 3.4%.<ref>[https://www.media.pa.gov/Pages/Labor-and-Industry-Details.aspx?newsid=831 "Pennsylvania’s Unemployment Rate At 3.4% In January As Total Nonfarm Jobs Sets New Record High For Sixth Straight Month"], Pennsylvania Press Room, March 8, 2024</ref>

The state has five manufacturing centers: [[Philadelphia]] in the southeast, [[Pittsburgh]] in the southwest, [[Erie, Pennsylvania|Erie]] in the northwest, [[Wyoming Valley|Scranton-Wilkes-Barre]] in the northeast, and the [[Lehigh Valley]] in the east.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.phillyburbs.com/pb-dyn/news/103-11042003-190258.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050113215908/http://www.phillyburbs.com/pb-dyn/news/103-11042003-190258.html|url-status=dead|title=Appeals court races wrap up with focus on voter mobilization|archive-date=January 13, 2005|access-date=September 1, 2006}}</ref>

Pennsylvania is home to 23 of the nation's 500 largest companies that comprise the [[Fortune 500|''Fortune'' 500]], including two that rank in the top 100, [[Cencora]] (formerly AmeriSource Bergen) in [[Conshohocken, Pennsylvania|Conshohocken]], which is the nation's 11th-largest company, and [[Comcast]] in Philadelphia, which is the 29th-largest.<ref>[https://patch.com/pennsylvania/across-pa/23-pa-companies-make-fortune-500-list-2023 "23 PA Companies Make Fortune 500 List For 2023"], Patch, June 6, 2023.</ref> Philadelphia is home to six of the ''Fortune'' 500 companies,<ref name="F500">{{cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2007/states/PA.html |title=Fortune 500 |work=CNN|date=April 30, 2007 |access-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822202259/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2007/states/PA.html |archive-date=August 22, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> with more located in suburbs like [[King of Prussia, Pennsylvania|King of Prussia]]; it is a leader in the financial<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.phlx.com/ |title=Philadelphia stock exchange |publisher=Phlx.com |date=July 23, 2010 |access-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603041053/http://www.phlx.com/ |archive-date=June 3, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and insurance industries. Pittsburgh is home to eight ''Fortune'' 500 companies, including [[U.S. Steel]], [[PPG Industries]], [[Heinz]], and [[GE Transportation]].<ref name="F500" /> Hershey is home to [[The Hershey Company]], one of the world's largest chocolate manufacturers. In eastern Pennsylvania, the Lehigh Valley has become an epicenter for the growth of the U.S. [[logistics]] industry, including [[warehousing]] and the [[intermodal freight transport|intermodal transport]] of goods.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/logistics-hotspots-nine-that-shine/|title=Eastern Pennsylvania: Epicenter of Growth|date=September 20, 2016 |publisher= Inbound Logistics|access-date=January 4, 2023}}</ref>

Like many U.S. states, [[Walmart]] is the largest private employer in Pennsylvania. The state's second-largest employer is the [[University of Pennsylvania]], an [[Ivy League]] private [[research university]] in Philadelphia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paworkstats.state.pa.us/admin/gsipub/htmlarea/uploads/pasep_t50.pdf |title=Pennsylvania Top 50 Employers |publisher=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania |date=March 28, 2011 |access-date=July 2, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5zzY0lHAq?url=http://www.paworkstats.state.pa.us/admin/gsipub/htmlarea/uploads/pasep_t50.pdf |archive-date=July 7, 2011 }}</ref> Pennsylvania is home to the oldest investor-owned utility company in the U.S., [[The York Water Company]].

As of 2018, Pennsylvania ranks first in the nation in a few economic sectors and niches, including barrels of [[beer]] produced annually (3.9 million), [[farmers' market]]s (over 6,000), [[food processing]] companies (2,300), hardwood [[lumber]] production (a billion board feet annually), [[Fungiculture|mushroom farms]] (68), [[natural gas]] production, [[potato chip]] manufacturing (24 facilities manufacturing one-fourth of the nation's total), and [[pretzel]] manufacturing (80 percent of the nation's total).<ref>[https://www.pennlive.com/news/2018/02/things_pennsylvania_ranks_numb.html "Pa. ranks No. 1 in many things. Not all are good."], PennLive, February 13, 2018</ref>

Other notable Pennsylvania companies include [[C. F. Martin & Company]], based in [[Nazareth, Pennsylvania|Nazareth]], which manufacturers Martin Guitars, used by some of the world's most prominent [[Guitar|guitarists]], including [[Johnny Cash]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Bob Dylan]], [[Neil Young]], [[John Lennon]], [[Kurt Cobain]], [[Eric Clapton]], and others.<ref>[https://psmag.com/economics/rust-belt-allure-bethlehem-pennsylvania-67738/ "Rust Belt Allure of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania"], ''[[Pacific Standard]]'', October 6, 2013</ref> 

===Agriculture===
{{main|Agriculture in Pennsylvania}}
Pennsylvania ranks 19th overall among all states in agricultural production.<ref name="ag">{{Cite web |url=http://www.nass.usda.gov/census/census02/profiles/pa/cp99042.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414005319/http://www.nass.usda.gov/census/census02/profiles/pa/cp99042.PDF |url-status=dead |title=Agricultural Census 2002|archive-date=April 14, 2008}}</ref> Its leading agricultural products are [[fungiculture|mushrooms]], apples, [[Christmas tree]]s, [[Egg (food)|layer chickens]], [[Nursery (horticulture)|nursery]], [[sod]], milk, [[maize|corn]] for [[silage]], grapes (including [[Grape juice|juice grapes]]), and horses production. Pennsylvania ranks eighth in the nation in [[winemaking]].

The [[Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture]] worked with private companies to establish "PA Preferred" as a way to brand agricultural products grown or made in the state.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.pennlive.com/food/index.ssf/2014/01/pa_preferred_pa_farm_show_pa_m.html |title=What is PA Preferred? Just a pretty logo or a way to build a brand? |work=[[The Patriot-News]] |date=January 8, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224040150/http://www.pennlive.com/food/index.ssf/2014/01/pa_preferred_pa_farm_show_pa_m.html |archive-date=February 24, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> The financial impact of agriculture in Pennsylvania<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cidepiqc.com/partners/state-of-pennsylvania/agribusiness/ |title=Agribusiness |website=CIDEP—Investment Attraction & Business Leads Generation |access-date=October 7, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910202950/http://cidepiqc.com/partners/state-of-pennsylvania/agribusiness/ |archive-date=September 10, 2014 }}</ref> includes employment of more than 66,800 people employed by the food [[manufacturing]] industry and over $1.7&nbsp;billion in food product [[export]] as of 2011.

===Banking===
The first nationally chartered bank in the U.S., the [[Bank of North America]], was founded in 1781 in Philadelphia. After a series of mergers, the Bank of North America is now part of [[Wells Fargo]]. Pennsylvania is home to the first nationally-chartered bank under the 1863 [[National Banking Act]]. That year, the Pittsburgh Savings & Trust Company received a national charter and renamed itself the First National Bank of Pittsburgh as part of the National Banking Act. That bank is still in existence today as [[PNC Financial Services|PNC]] and remains based in Pittsburgh. PNC is currently the state's largest and the nation's sixth-largest bank.

===Film===
{{See also|Harrisburg in film and television|List of films and television shows shot in Pennsylvania|List of films shot in the Lehigh Valley|List of films shot in Pittsburgh}}
The [[Pennsylvania Film Production Tax Credit]] began in 2004 and stimulated the development of a film industry in the state.<ref name="bizjournal">{{Cite news |title=Rendell signs film production tax credit law |newspaper=[[Philadelphia Business Journal]] |date=July 21, 2004 |url=http://philadelphia.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/stories/2004/07/19/daily26.html |access-date=January 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040903230427/http://philadelphia.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/stories/2004/07/19/daily26.html |archive-date=September 3, 2004 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Gambling===
{{main|Gambling in Pennsylvania}}
{{see also|List of casinos in Pennsylvania}}
[[File:RiversCasino.jpg|thumb|[[Rivers Casino (Pittsburgh)|Rivers Casino]], located in the [[Chateau (Pittsburgh)|Chateau]] section of [[Pittsburgh]] on the [[Ohio River]], one of [[List of casinos in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania's 16 casinos]]]]
Casino gambling was legalized in Pennsylvania in 2004. As of 2010, there are [[List of casinos in Pennsylvania|16 casinos]] in the state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-2009-06-19-4392853-story.html|title = Casino table games in budget debate? Rendell won't say no, but stresses revenue wouldn't make a dent in deficit| date=June 19, 2009 }}</ref> 

===Mining===
Coal mining in Pennsylvania dates back to the mid-1700s. Since then, over 15 billion tons of coal were removed from the state. Production peaked in 1918. As mine output decreased, some 250,000 acres of mine land were abandoned.<ref>{{cite web |title=PA's Mining Legacy and AML |url=https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dep/programs-and-services/mining/abandoned-mine-reclamation/aml-program-information/pas-mining-legacy-and-aml.html |website=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania |publisher=Department of Environmental Protection |access-date=December 18, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coal Culture Timeline |url=https://www.iup.edu/library/departments/archives/coal/coal-culture-timeline.html |website=IUP |publisher=Indiana University of Pennsylvania |access-date=December 18, 2024}}</ref> As of 2024, the state has the largest inventory of abandoned mines in the United States, creating environmental problems such as water pollution and ground subsidence which damages above-ground buildings. [[Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Allegheny]] and [[Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania|Westmoreland]] counties alone account for over 550 abandoned sites. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection is responsible for remediation of such problems.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vellucci |first1=Juston |title=Coal, once king in Pennsylvania, leaves behind abandoned mines that pose concerns |url=https://triblive.com/local/westmoreland/coal-once-king-in-pennsylvania-leaves-behind-abandoned-mines-that-pose-concerns/?fbclid=IwY2xjawHQMxhleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHZBZHxNRWHG2TCCbWAHxf-fhZARn_D1GwDNBcSadVkwUsGuASisZTgxB4w_aem_8JRVa09Y0Z2Xrb864Z3X1w |access-date=December 18, 2024 |publisher=Tribune-Review (Pittsburgh) |date=December 8, 2024}}</ref>