Editing Mohammad Najibullah (section)

== Views ==
Najibullah is often referred to as a communist by some; however, his rule from 1987 to 1992 was marked with a shift away from [[communism]] towards [[Islamic socialism]] and a [[mixed economy]].<ref name="dailytimes.com.pk"/> In terms of policy, Najibullah can be best compared to [[Mohammad Daoud Khan|Daoud Khan]], who ruled the [[Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)|Republic of Afghanistan]] before the PDPA took power in 1978. Najibullah's government also featured many former ministers of the Daoud Khan government. 

Najibullah was in support of restoration of the monarchy to some capacity, he restored Zahir Shah's citizenship and actively encouraged [[Mohammad Zahir Shah|Zahir Shah]] to take part in negotiations, Najibullah's wife [[Fatana Najib]] is also related to former Afghan [[Amanullah Khan|King Amanaullah]].<ref name=":1">{{Citation |last=Maley |first=William |title=The Interregnum of Najibullah, 1989–1992 |date=2002 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-1840-6_9 |work=The Afghanistan Wars |pages=168–193 |editor-last=Maley |editor-first=William |access-date=27 December 2022 |place=London |publisher=Macmillan Education UK |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-4039-1840-6_9 |isbn=978-1-4039-1840-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Afghan President Najibullah has no objection to King Zahir Shah participating in new govt |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19880531-afghan-president-najibullah-has-no-objection-to-king-zahir-shah-participating-in-new-govt-797315-1988-05-30 |access-date=20 September 2023 |website=India Today |date=31 May 1988 |language=en}}</ref> Najibullah was a [[Pashtun nationalism|Pashtun Nationalist]] being hailed as the first Afghan leader to speak Pashto at the [[United Nations General Assembly|UN General Assembly]] and having Afghan Cosmonaut [[Abdul Ahad Momand]] (also an Ethnic Pashtun) making Pashto the 4th language spoken in space under his leadership. He often questioning the legitimacy of Pakistan's existence claiming it was "born out of British colonialism".<ref>{{Citation |title=Afghanistan ex-president Dr Najeebullah speech about Pakistan. | date=7 October 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GuRgdpU3b1U |access-date=20 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Najibullah whose father was also a Pashtun Nationalist, had strong ties to the Pashtun Nationalist community in the Pashtun majority [[North-West Frontier Province|North West Frontier province]]. Najibullah was present during the funeral for Pashtun Nationalist leader [[Abdul Ghaffar Khan|Abdul Ghaffar]] who was granted military honors.<ref name="memri" /> 

Najibullah also attempted to hand over the control of non Pashtun ethnic militias to Pashtun leaders as he had grown to distrust many northern militias such as [[Abdul Rashid Dostum|Abdul Rashid Dostum's]] Uzbek militia which had committed atrocities and started to open channels with [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Müller |first=Lukas |title=Wings over the Hindu Kush: Air Forces, Aircraft and Air Warfare of Afghanistan, 1989-2001 |publisher=Helion and Company |year=2020 |isbn=978-1913118662 |pages=}}</ref> A Soviet [[GRU (Soviet Union)|GRU]] dossier on Najibullah described him as "A [[Pashtun nationalism|Pushtun nationalist]], he is one of the motivating spirits of the policy of “[[Pashtunization|Pushtunization]]” of Afghan society. Within his closest circle he speaks only in Pashto. He is inclined to select colleagues not for their professional qualities but for their personal devotion to him, predominantly relatives and fellow-villagers".<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Woodrow Wilson Center Digital Archive. Nuclear Proliferation International History Project |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim010030016 |access-date=24 February 2024 |website=The SHAFR Guide Online|doi=10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim010030016 }}</ref> Under Najibullah over 50% of Afghan media was in the [[Pashto|Pashto language]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ahady |first=Anwar-ul-Haq |date=1995 |title=The Decline of the Pashtuns in Afghanistan |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2645419 |journal=Asian Survey |volume=35 |issue=7 |pages=621–634 |doi=10.2307/2645419 |jstor=2645419 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref>