Editing Military doctrine (section)

===United States===

====Sources====
The [[United States Constitution]] invests Congress with the powers to provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States and to raise and support armies. [[Title 10 of the United States Code]] states what Congress expects the Army, in conjunction with the other Services, to accomplish. This includes: Preserve the peace and security and provide for the defense of the United States, its territories and possessions, and any areas it occupies; Support national policies; Implement national objectives; Overcome any nations responsible for aggressive acts that imperil the peace and security of the United States.

====Key concepts====
Most modern US doctrine is based around the concept of '''[[power projection]]''' and '''[[full spectrum operations]]''', which combine offensive, defensive, and stability or civil support operations simultaneously as part of an interdependent joint or combined force to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative. They employ synchronized action—lethal and nonlethal—proportional to the mission and informed by a thorough understanding of all dimensions of the operational environment.

Offensive operations defeat and destroy enemy forces, and seize terrain, resources, and population centers. They impose the commander's will on the enemy. Defensive operations defeat an enemy attack, gain time, economize forces, and develop conditions favorable for offensive or stability operations.

Stability operations encompass various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted abroad to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief. Civil support operations are support tasks and missions to homeland civil authorities for domestic emergencies, and for designated law enforcement and other activities. This includes operations dealing with the consequences of natural or manmade disasters, accidents, and incidents within the homeland.

Under President [[Lyndon Johnson]] it was stated that the US armed forces should be able to fight [[Two-front war|two]]—at one point, two-and-a-half—wars at the same time. This was defined to mean a war in Europe against the Soviet Union, a war in Asia against China or North Korea, and a "half-war" as well—in other words, a "small" war in the [[Third World]]. When [[Richard Nixon]] took office in 1969, he altered the formula to state that the United States should be able to fight one-and-a-half wars simultaneously.

This doctrine remained in place until 1989–90, when President [[George H. W. Bush]] ordered the "Base Force" study which forecast a substantial cut in the military budget, an end to the Soviet Union's global threat, and the possible beginning of new regional threats. In 1993, President [[Bill Clinton]] ordered a "Bottom-Up Review", based on which a strategy called "win-hold-win" was declared—enough forces to win one war while holding off the enemy in another conflict, then moving on to win it after the first war is over. The final draft was changed to read that the United States must be able to win two "major regional conflicts" simultaneously.

The current strategic doctrine, which Defense Secretary [[Donald Rumsfeld]] issued in his Quadrennial Defense Review of early 2001 (before the [[September 11 attacks|9/11 attacks]]), is a package of U.S. military requirements known as 1-4-2-1. The first 1 refers to defending the US homeland. The 4 refers to deterring hostilities in four key regions of the world. The 2 means the US armed forces must have the strength to win swiftly in two near-simultaneous conflicts in those regions. The final 1 means that the US forces must win one of those conflicts "decisively".

The general policy objectives are to (1) assure allies and friends; (2) dissuade future military competition, (3) deter threats and coercion against U.S. interests, and (4) if deterrence fails, decisively defeat any adversary.

====United States Department of Defense====
The [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] publishes Joint Publications which state all-services doctrine. The current basic doctrinal publication is Joint Publication 3-0, "Doctrine for [[Joint warfare|Joint Operations]]".

=====United States Air Force=====
Headquarters, [[United States Air Force]], publishes current USAF doctrine. The lead agency for developing Air Force doctrine is the LeMay Center for Doctrine Development and Education; the Air Staff International Standardization Office works on multinational standardization, such as NATO Standardization Agreements ([[STANAG]]s), and agreements between the American, British, Canadian, and Australian Armies and Navies ([[ABCA Armies|ABCA]]) that affect the Air Force. Currently the basic Air Force doctrinal documents are the 10-series of Air Force publications.

=====United States Army=====
The [[United States Army Training and Doctrine Command]] (TRADOC) is responsible for developing Army doctrine. TRADOC was developed early in the 1970s as a response to the American Army's difficulties in the [[Vietnam War]], and is one of the reforms that improved Army professionalism. Currently the capstone Army doctrinal document is Army Doctrine Publication 3-0, Unified Land Operations (published October 2011).

=====United States Navy=====
The Naval Warfare Development Command (NWDC) Doctrine Department coordinates development, publication, and maintenance of [[United States Navy]] doctrine. Currently the basic unclassified naval doctrinal documents are Naval Doctrine Publications 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6. NWDC is also the United States Navy lead for NATO and multinational maritime doctrine and operational standardization.

=====United States Marine Corps=====
The Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC) has responsibility for [[United States Marine Corps]] doctrine. The capstone doctrinal document is ''Warfighting'' (MCDP1),<ref>{{cite web|archive-date = 5 November 2013|title = Warfighting |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131105091112/http://lgdata.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/docs/2215/267776/MCDP1_Warfighting.pdf |url = http://lgdata.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/docs/2215/267776/MCDP1_Warfighting.pdf |id = MCDP1|publisher = U.S. Marine Corps|date = 20 June 1997}}</ref> along with MCDP's 1-1, 1–2, and 1–3 (Strategy, Campaigning, and Tactics, respectively). MCDP 1-0 (Marine Corps Operations) translates the philosophical-based capstone/keystone publications into operational doctrine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://guides.grc.usmcu.edu/content.php?pid=234141&sid=1938041|title=LibApps Login @ Library of the Marine Corps|website=guides.grc.usmcu.edu|access-date=10 April 2018|archive-date=2 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102155244/http://guides.grc.usmcu.edu/content.php?pid=234141&sid=1938041|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=====United States Coast Guard=====
Headquarters, [[United States Coast Guard]], published Coast Guard Publication 1, ''U.S. Coast Guard: America's Maritime Guardian'', which is the source of USCG doctrine.