Editing Manchu people (section)

====Family names====
{{main|Manchu family name}}
[[File:《八旗满洲氏族通谱》满文版书影.jpg|thumb|upright|the cover of the Eight Manchu Banners' Surname-Clans' Book]]
The history of Manchu family names is quite long. Fundamentally, it succeeds the Jurchen family name of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin dynasty]].<ref name=jin2009/>{{rp|109}} However, after the Mongols extinguished the Jin dynasty, the Manchus started to adopt Mongol culture, including their custom of using only their given name until the end of the Qing dynasty,<ref name=jin2009/>{{rp|107}} a practice confounding non-Manchus, leading them to conclude, erroneously, that they simply do not have family names.<ref name=aisingioro2004/>{{rp|969}}

A Manchu family name usually has two portions: the first is "Mukūn" ({{ManchuSibeUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡴᡡᠨ}}, Abkai: Mukvn) which literally means "branch name"; the second, "Hala" ({{ManchuSibeUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡥᠠᠯᠠ}}), represents the name of a person's clan.<ref name=aisingioro2004/>{{rp|973}} According to the ''Book of the Eight Manchu Banners' Surname-Clans'' ({{lang|zh-hant|八旗滿洲氏族通譜}}), there are 1,114 Manchu family names. [[Gūwalgiya]], [[Niohuru]], [[Hešeri]], Šumulu, Tatara, Gioro, [[Nara (clan)|Nara]] are considered as "famous clans" ({{lang|zh|著姓}}) among Manchus.<ref>{{cite book |last = Hungjeo |script-title = zh:《八旗满洲氏族通谱》 |trans-title = Eight Manchu Banners' Surname-Clans' Book |publisher = Liaohai Publishing House |year = 2002 |isbn = 978-7806691892 |url = http://book.douban.com/subject/1608412/|pages=31, 100, 115, 167, 181, 280}}</ref>

There were stories of Han migrating to the Jurchens and assimilating into Manchu Jurchen society and [[Nikan Wailan]] may have been an example of this.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Chʻing Shih Wen Tʻi |url={{Google books|3nMzAAAAMAAJ|plainurl=yes}} |journal=Late Imperial China |year=1989|publisher=Society for Qing Studies|page=70}}</ref> The Manchu Cuigiya ({{lang|zh|崔佳氏}}) clan claimed that a Han Chinese founded their clan.<ref>{{cite book|trans-title=The Qing Dynasty General Chronicle, Clan Lue, Manchu Eight Banners Surname|script-title=zh:清朝通志·氏族略·满洲八旗姓}}</ref> The Tohoro ({{lang|zh|托活络}}) clan ([[Duanfang]]'s clan) claimed Han Chinese origin.<ref name=TuanFang/><ref name="Rhoads2011 2">{{cite book|author=Edward J. M. Rhoads|title=Manchus and Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928|url={{Google books|tgq1miGno-4C|plainurl=yes}}|year=2011|publisher=University of Washington Press|isbn=978-0-295-80412-5|page=55}}</ref><ref name="Taveirne2004">{{cite book|author=Patrick Taveirne|title=Han-Mongol Encounters and Missionary Endeavors: A History of Scheut in Ordos (Hetao) 1874–1911|url={{Google books|z2japTNPRNAC|plainurl=yes}}|date=2004|publisher=Leuven University Press|isbn=978-90-5867-365-7|page=339}}</ref><ref name=crossley2000/>{{rp|48}}<ref>{{cite journal |title=Chʻing Shih Wen Tʻi |journal=Late Imperial China |url={{Google books|3nMzAAAAMAAJ|plainurl=yes}}|year=1989|publisher=Society for Qing Studies|page=71}}</ref>