Editing Majapahit (section)

====Demak invasion and the fall of Majapahit====
[[File:Masjid Agung Demak.jpg|thumb|left|[[Demak Sultanate|Demak]] was the earliest Islamic polity in Java that replaced Majapahit.]]
In 1498, there was a turning point when Girindrawardhana was deposed by his vice-regent, Udara. After this coup, the war between Demak and Majapahit receded, since [[Raden Patah]], Sultan of Demak, left Majapahit alone like his father had done before, some source said Udara agreed to become a vassal of Demak, even marrying Raden Patah's youngest daughter.

Meanwhile, in the west, [[Capture of Malacca (1511)|Malacca was captured by Portuguese in 1511]]. The delicate balance between Demak and Majapahit ended when Udara, seeing an opportunity to eliminate Demak, asked for [[Portuguese Malacca|Portuguese]] help in Malacca, forcing Demak to attack both Malacca and Majapahit under [[Demak Sultanate#Adipati Yunus|Adipati Yunus]] to end this alliance.{{efn | group=note | 1= V.<ref>M. B. Rahimsyah. ''Legenda dan Sejarah Lengkap Walisongo''. (Amanah, Surabaya, tth), p. 50</ref> Another paper noted that the reasons for the attacks Demak (led by Adipati Yunus) to Majapahit (Girindrawardhana period) are a backlash against Girindrawardhana who had defeated Adipati Yunus' grandfather Prabu Bhre Kertabumi (Prabu Brawijaya V).<ref>Marwati Djoenoed Poesponegoro dan Nugroho Notosusanto. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia. Jilid II. Cetakan V. (PN. Balai Pustaka, Jakarta, 1984), p. 451</ref>}}

With the fall of Majapahit, crushed by Demak in 1527,<ref name=":11" />{{rp|54–55}} the Muslim emerging forces finally defeated the remnants of the Majapahit kingdom in the early 16th century;<ref>{{Cite journal
| doi        = 10.1525/ae.1983.10.4.02a00030
| title      = Ritual and cultural reproduction in non-Islamic Java
| journal    = American Ethnologist
| volume     = 10
| issue      = 4
| year       = 1983
| last1      = Hefner | first1 = R. W.
| pages      = 665–683
| doi-access = free
}}</ref> and with the fall of Majapahit, a large number of courtiers, artisans, priests, and members of the royalty moved east to the island of [[Bali]]. The refugees fled to the east to avoid Demak retribution for their support for Ranawijaya against Kertabhumi.

Demak came under the leadership of Raden (later crowned as Sultan) Patah, who was acknowledged as the legitimate successor of Majapahit. According to Babad Tanah Jawi and Demak tradition, the source of Patah's legitimacy was because their first sultan, Raden Patah, was the son of Majapahit king Brawijaya V with a Chinese concubine. Another argument supports Demak as the successor of Majapahit; the rising Demak sultanate was easily accepted as the nominal regional ruler, as Demak was the former Majapahit vassal and located near the former Majapahit realm in eastern Java.

Demak established itself as the regional power and the first Islamic sultanate in Java. After the fall of Majapahit, the Hindu kingdoms in Java only remained in [[Pasuruan]], [[Panarukan]], and [[Blambangan]]<ref name=":18">Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened; Notosusanto, Nugroho (2019) [2008]. ''[https://archive.org/details/sejarah-nasional-indonesia-jilid-3-zaman-islam/mode/2up?q Sejarah Nasional Indonesia Edisi Pemutakhiran Jilid 3: Zaman Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Kerajaan Islam di Indonesia]''. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.</ref>{{Rp||page=7}} on the eastern edge and [[Sunda Kingdom|Sunda Kingdom Pajajaran]] in the western part. Gradually [[Hindu]] communities began to retreat to the mountain ranges in East Java and also to the neighbouring island of [[Bali]]. A small enclave of [[Tenggerese people|Hindu communities]] remain in the [[Tengger caldera|Tengger]] mountain range.