Editing Kim Dae-jung (section)

===Political developments===
When he entered office, he appointed [[Kim Jong-pil]], formerly part of the [[Park Chung Hee]] dictatorship and Park's prime minister, as his first prime minister in return for Jong-pil endorsing his candidacy in a power-sharing agreement before the 1997 election. Kim's [[National Congress for New Politics]], and Jong-pil's [[United Liberal Democrats]] (ULD) formed a coalition, but did not have a majority in the National Assembly.<ref name="The Asian financial crisis: Crisis">{{cite book|last1=Sharma|first1=Shalendra|title=The Asian financial crisis: Crisis, reform and recovery|date=2003|publisher=Manchester University Press|location=|isbn=|page=230}}</ref> Instead, the now opposition [[Grand National Party]] (GNP) of Lee Hoi-chang held a majority. During the first six months in 1998, most of the 100 major reform measures failed to materialize due to the lack of the legislative support and partisan compromise. It was only in September 1998 that the ruling coalition secured a majority in the National Assembly by enticing a large number of opposition GNP lawmakers to defect.<ref name="The Asian financial crisis: Crisis"/> Up to 25 GNP deputies left the party to join the governing coalition, after arm-twisting tactics by the government by launching corruption, campaign finance and tax audit investigations on them.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hong Nack|first1=Kim|title=The 2000 Parliamentary Election in South Korea: Asian Survey Vol. 40, No. 6 (Nov. – Dec., 2000)|date=2000|publisher=University of California Press|location=|isbn=|page=895}}</ref>

The ULD and Kim Jong-pil subsequently left the coalition to join the opposition in January 2000, following disagreement with President Kim's North Korea policy and the failure of the president to uphold his deal with Jong-pil to introduce a cabinet-style government.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hong Nack|first1=Kim|title=The 2000 Parliamentary Election in South Korea: Asian Survey Vol. 40, No. 6 (Nov. – Dec., 2000)|date=2000|publisher=University of California Press|location=|isbn=|page=896}}</ref>

President Kim sought to remake his party into a national broad-based party instead of a base on regional appeal, and introduce multi-member parliamentary constituencies, with the ULD. However, Kim agreed with the GNP to implement a parallel voting system like in Japan, and the agreement collapsed amidst protests from civic groups.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hong Nack|first1=Kim|title=The 2000 Parliamentary Election in South Korea: Asian Survey Vol. 40, No. 6 (Nov. – Dec., 2000)|date=2000|publisher=University of California Press|location=|isbn=|page=897}}</ref> Thus the existing system was retained.

In 1999, the [[Furgate]] scandal damaged Kim Dae-jung and his party's reputation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=South Korea since 1980|last=Heo|first=Uk|date=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|others=Roehrig, Terence|isbn=9780521761161|location=New York|pages=55–56|oclc=498419139}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Yoon|first=Young-Kwan|date=2000|title=South Korea in 1999: Overcoming Cold War Legacies|journal=Asian Survey|volume=40|issue=1|pages=164–171|doi=10.2307/3021230|jstor=3021230}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Blechinger|first=Verena|date=2000|title=Report on Recent Bribery Scandals, 1996-2000|url=http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN013119.pdf|journal=Submitted for a TI Workshop on Corruption and Political Party Funding in la Pietra, Italy|archive-date=11 September 2018|access-date=14 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911191154/http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN013119.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Also, in spite of his background as a democratic reformer, Kim was accused of being vindictive towards political opponents and even journalists critical of his government, as seen when government agencies used strong-arm tactics against the opposition or reporters via politically motivated investigations along with accusations of spying on the opposition. Kim's administration included more individuals from Jeolla, which led to charges of [[reverse discrimination]]. Many citizens, in the middle of his term, also did not feel that the economic recovery benefitted them. Finally, conservatives accused Kim of being an appeaser towards North Korea with his Sunshine Policy.<ref name="autogenerated898">{{cite book|last1=Hong Nack|first1=Kim|title=The 2000 Parliamentary Election in South Korea: Asian Survey Vol. 40, No. 6 (Nov. – Dec., 2000)|date=2000|publisher=University of California Press|location=|isbn=|pages=898–900}}</ref>

These factors, led to National Congress, now renamed as the [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000)|Millennium Democratic Party]] to suffer a setback as the party fell short behind the Grand National Party in the National Assembly during the [[2000 South Korean legislative election]]. The decision to announce an inter-Korean summit 3 days before the election is said to have somewhat limited the governing party's losses as 79.6% of respondents in an opinion poll approved of the summit. Kim appointed [[Lee Han-dong]], ULD president, as the new prime minister in a bid to mend fences and continue a governing majority against the GNP.<ref name="autogenerated898"/>

Later, the ULD left the coalition for good in September 2001. ULD members sided with the GNP to pass a vote of no-confidence by 148 to 119 votes against key Cabinet member, Unification Minister [[Lim Dong-won]], who was in charge of the Kim government's "Sunshine Policy" with North Korea.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1525239.stm |title=ASIA-PACIFIC &#124; Analysis: South Korea's options |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=4 September 2001 |accessdate=10 February 2010}}</ref> President Kim effectively became a lame duck, and the political leverage that he had accumulated thanks to his summit diplomacy came to an abrupt end. Economic reform plans and engagement policies pursued by the administration simultaneously achieved mixed results until the end of his term one and a half years later.