Editing Katipunan (section)

==Discovery==
As the Katipunan was busy preparing for the revolt, various denunciations regarding its existence reached the Spanish authorities. On July 5, 1896, Manuél Sityar, a Spanish lieutenant of the [[Civil Guard (Philippines)|Guardia Civil]] stationed at [[Pasig]], reported to [[Governor-General of the Philippines|Governor-General]] [[Ramón Blanco y Erenas|Ramón Blanco]] the mysterious activities of certain natives who had been gathering arms and recruiting men for some unknown purposes.<ref name="zaide 160">{{Harvnb|Zaide|1957|p=160}}</ref> On August 13, 1896, Fr. Agustín Fernández, an [[Augustinians|Augustinian]] curate of [[Makati|San Pedro, Makati]], wrote to Don Manuél Luengo, the civil governor (mayor) of Manila, denouncing anti-Spanish meetings in his parish.<ref name="zaide 160"/>

The Katipunan was finally discovered by the Spanish authorities six days after Fr. Fernández's letter to Luengo. In early August 1896, Teodoro Patiño and Apolonio de la Cruz, both working for the ''[[Diario de Manila]]'' printing press (leading newspaper during those times) had undergone misunderstanding regarding wages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://images.anipint87.multiply.com/attachment/0/R4mtyQoKCEIAAEC0CpY1/Chapter%208.doc?nmid=77355719|title=Katipunan|access-date=August 22, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425093019/http://images.anipint87.multiply.com/attachment/0/R4mtyQoKCEIAAEC0CpY1/Chapter%208.doc?nmid=77355719|archive-date=April 25, 2012}}</ref> Press foreman de la Cruz and typesetter Patiño fought over salary increase of two pesos. De la Cruz tried to blame Patiño for the loss of the printing supplies that were used for the printing of ''Kalayaan''. In retaliation, Patiño revealed the secrets of the society to his sister, Honoria Patiño, an inmate nun at the Mandaluyong Orphanage. That afternoon, on August 19, 1896, Honoria grew shocked and very upset of the revelation. The mother portress of the Orphanage, ''[[Nun|Sor]]'' (Sister) Teresa de Jesus saw Honoria crying so she approached her. Honoria told everything she heard from her brother. At around 6:15 pm that day, ''Sor'' Teresa called Patiño and advised him to tell everything he knew about the Katipunan through [[Confession (religion)|confession]] to Fr. Mariano Gíl.<ref name="zaide 161"/>

Controlled by his fear of [[hell]], Patiño went to Fr. Gíl, an [[Augustinians|Augustinian]] [[parish]] [[curate]] of the [[Tondo, Manila|Tondo]] convent. Though he is willed to tell anything about the Katipunan, Patiño confessed that a [[lithograph]]ic stone was hidden in the press room of the ''Diario de Manila'', which was used by the society for printing receipts. He also said that aside from the lithographic stone, there were also documents of membership (that uses member's blood for signing) hidden, together with a picture of Dr. José Rizal and several [[dagger]]s that was made for the ''Katipunero''—employees of the newspaper.<ref name="zaide 161"/>

Alarmed by the stunning truth of the existence of a secret society, Fr. Gíl, accompanied by local Spanish authorities, searched the printing office of ''Diario de Manila'' and found the incriminating evidence.<ref name="zaide 161">{{Harvnb|Zaide|1957|p=161}}</ref> They also found de la Cruz in possession of a dagger used in Katipunan initiation rites and some list of newly accepted members.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boscotech.multiply.com/journal/item/110|title=Amice, Ascende Superius!|access-date=August 21, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100907073003/http://boscotech.multiply.com/journal/item/110|archive-date=September 7, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> After the arrest, Fr. Gíl rushed to Governor-General Blanco to denounce the revolutionary plot of the Katipunan.<ref>{{Harvnb|Zaide|1931|pp=32–58}}</ref> The Spanish unleashed a crackdown and arrested dozens of people, where many innocent citizens were forced to go to [[Fort Santiago]].<ref name="revol"/>

Patiño's alleged betrayal has become the standard version of how the revolution broke out in 1896. In the 1920s, however, the Philippine National Library commissioned a group of former ''Katipuneros'' to confirm the truth of the story. [[José Turiano Santiago]], Bonifacio's close friend who was expelled in 1895, denied the story. He claimed that Bonifacio himself ordered Patiño to divulge the society's existence to hasten the [[Philippine revolution]] and preempt any objection from members.<ref>{{Harvnb|National Historical Institute|1989|p=476}}</ref>

Historian [[Teodoro Agoncillo]] gives a differing version of events, writing that Patiño revealed the secrets of the society to his sister, Honoria, following on a misunderstanding with de la Cruz, another society member who worked with him in the Spanish-owned ''Diario de Manila'' periodical. Honoria, an orphanage inmate, was upset at the news and informed Sor Teresa, the orphanage ''madre portera'', who suggested that Patiño tell all to Fr. Gíl. On August 19, Patiño told Fr. Gíl what he knew of the secret society. Fr. Gíl and the owner of the ''Diario de Manila'' searched the printing shop, discovering the lithographic stone used to print Katipunan receipts. After this discovery, the locker of Policarpio Turla, whose signature appeared on the receipts, was forced open and found to contain a dagger, the rules of the society, and other pertinent documents. These were turned over to the Guardia Civíl, leading to the arrest and conviction on charges of illegal association and treason of some 500 prominent men.<ref>{{Harvnb|Agoncillo|1990|p=170}}</ref>

In another version, the existence of the Katipunan became known to the authorities through Patiño, who revealed it to the general manager, La Font.<ref name=Alvarez>Alvarez, S.V., 1992, Recalling the Revolution, Madison: Center for Southeast Asia Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, {{ISBN|1-881261-05-0}}</ref>{{rp|29–31}} Patiño was engaged in a bitter dispute over pay with de la Cruz and exposed the Katipunan to La Font, in retaliation.<ref name=Alvarez/>{{rp|30–31}} La Font led a Spanish police lieutenant to the shop and the desk of de la Cruz, where they "found Katipunan paraphernalia such as a rubber stamp, a little book, ledgers, membership oaths signed in blood, and a membership roster of the Maghiganti chapter of the Katipunan."<ref name=Alvarez/>{{rp|31}}