Editing Katharine Hepburn (section)

== Legacy ==
[[File:Katharine hepburn woman of the year cropped.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|alt=Film still of Hepburn in Woman of the Year|Hepburn, with her unconventional lifestyle and the independent female roles she played on screen (such as Tess Harding in ''[[Woman of the Year]]'', pictured), represented the emancipated woman.]]

Hepburn is considered an important and influential cultural figure. Ros Horton and Sally Simmons included her in their book ''Women Who Changed The World'', which honors 50 women who helped shape world history and culture. She is also named in ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''{{'s}} list of "300 Women Who Changed the World",<ref name="eb" /> ''Ladies Home Journal'''s book ''100 Most Important Women of the 20th century'',<ref>{{cite web|title=100 Most Important Women of the 20th Century |url=http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/100-most-important-women-of-the-20th-century-ladies-home-journal/1003047252?ean=9780696208232 |publisher=Barnes & Noble |access-date=October 4, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414073806/http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/100-most-important-women-of-the-20th-century-ladies-home-journal/1003047252?ean=9780696208232 |archive-date=April 14, 2015}} Hepburn is pictured on the book cover.</ref> ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' magazine's "100 Icons of the Century",<ref>{{cite web|last=Dawes|first=Amy|title=100 Icons of the Century: Katharine Hepburn|url=https://variety.com/2005/scene/vpage/katharine-hepburn-1117930654/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=October 6, 2011|date=October 16, 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060104125306/http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=variety100&content=jump&jump=icon&articleID=VR1117930654|archive-date=January 4, 2006}}</ref> and she is number 84 on [[VH1]]'s list of the "200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons of All Time".<ref>{{cite press release |title=The 200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons Complete Ranked List |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-200-greatest-pop-culture-icons-complete-ranked-list-70807437.html |publisher=[[VH1]] |access-date=October 4, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114233812/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-200-greatest-pop-culture-icons-complete-ranked-list-70807437.html |archive-date=January 14, 2012 }}</ref> In 1999, the [[American Film Institute]] named Hepburn the "[[AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars|greatest American screen legend]]" among females.<ref name="afi">{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/100years/stars.aspx |title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars |publisher=American Film Institute |date=June 16, 1999 |access-date=October 17, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113043532/http://www.afi.com/100years/stars.aspx |archive-date=January 13, 2013}}</ref>

Regarding Hepburn's film legacy, one of her biographers, [[Sheridan Morley]], said she "broke the mould" for women in Hollywood,<ref name="legacy">{{cite news|last=Morley |first=Sheridan |title=Hepburn's spirited legacy |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3031684.stm |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=August 24, 2011 |date=June 30, 2003 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110202180843/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3031684.stm |archive-date=February 2, 2011 }}</ref> where she brought a new breed of strong-willed females to the screen.<ref name="eb" /> Film academic Andrew Britton wrote a monograph studying Hepburn's "key presence within classical Hollywood, a consistent, potentially radical disturbance",{{sfn|Britton|2003|p=6}} and pinpoints her "central" influence in bringing feminist issues to the screen.{{sfn|Britton|2003|p=8}}

Off screen, Hepburn's lifestyle was ahead of her time,{{sfn|Berg|2004|p=313}} coming to symbolize the "modern woman" and playing a part in changing gender attitudes.<ref name="lat life" />{{sfn|Berg|2004|p=17}} Horton and Simmons write, "Confident, intelligent and witty, four-time Oscar winner Katharine Hepburn defied convention throughout her professional and personal life ... Hepburn provided an image of an assertive woman whom [females] could watch and learn from."{{sfn|Horton|Simmons|2007|pp=118–121}} After Hepburn's death, film historian [[Jeanine Basinger]] stated, "What she brought us was a new kind of heroine—modern and independent. She was beautiful, but she did not rely on that."<ref name="lat obit" /> Mary McNamara, an entertainment journalist and reviewer for the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' wrote, "More than a movie star, Katharine Hepburn was the patron saint of the independent American female."<ref name="lat life" /> She was not universally revered by feminists, however, who were angered by her public declarations that women "cannot have it all", meaning a family and a career.<ref name="lat life" />

Hepburn's legacy extends to fashion, where she pioneered wearing trousers at a time when it was a radical move for a woman.<ref>{{cite news|last=Herman-Cohen |first=Valli |title=The fashion rebel |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jul-01-et-herman1-story.html |access-date=October 3, 2011 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=July 1, 2003 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113051210/http://articles.latimes.com/2003/jul/01/entertainment/et-herman1 |archive-date=January 13, 2012}}</ref> She helped make trousers acceptable for women, and fans began to imitate her clothing.<ref name="nyt obit" />{{sfn|Kanin|1971|p=271}} In 1986 she received a lifetime achievement award from the [[Council of Fashion Designers of America]] in recognition of her influence on women's fashion.<ref name="nyt obit" />

A number of Hepburn's films have become classics of American cinema, with four of her pictures (''The African Queen'', ''The Philadelphia Story'', ''Bringing Up Baby'', and ''Guess Who's Coming to Dinner'') featured on the American Film Institute's list of the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies|100 Greatest American Films of all time]].<ref>{{cite web|title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies |url=http://www.afi.com/100years/movies.aspx |publisher=American Film Institute |access-date=October 9, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611142910/http://www.afi.com/100Years/movies.aspx |archive-date=June 11, 2016}}</ref> ''Adam's Rib'' and ''Woman of the Year'' were included in the AFI's list of the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs|Greatest American Comedies]].<ref>{{cite web|title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs |url=http://www.afi.com/100Years/laughs.aspx |publisher=American Film Institute |access-date=October 9, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116134020/http://www.afi.com/100Years/laughs.aspx |archive-date=November 16, 2015}}</ref> She is considered one of the most distinctive voices in film history with her clipped vocal style and [[Northeastern elite accent|patrician accent]].<ref name="lat obit" />

=== Memorials ===
[[File:Katharine Hepburn Place 2012 jeh.jpg|thumb|alt=A street sign that reads "E 49 St", with another underneath it that reads "Katharine Hepburn Place".|East 49th Street in New York City, named after Katharine Hepburn]]

Hepburn has been honored with several memorials. The [[Turtle Bay, Manhattan|Turtle Bay]] community in New York City, where she maintained a residence for over 60 years, dedicated a garden in her name located in [[Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza]] in 1997.<ref>{{cite web|title=Katharine Hepburn Garden |url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/dag-hammarskjold-plaza/highlights/9755 |publisher=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation |access-date=September 19, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140831104900/http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/dag-hammarskjold-plaza/highlights/9755 |archive-date=August 31, 2014}}</ref> After Hepburn's death in 2003, the intersection of East 49th Street and 2nd Avenue was renamed "Katharine Hepburn Place".<ref>{{cite web|last=Polsky |first=Sara |title=Katharine Hepburn's Turtle Bay House for Rent at $27.5K/Month |url=http://ny.curbed.com/2010/8/31/10505200/katharine-hepburns-turtle-bay-house-for-rent-at-27-5k-month |publisher=Curbed |date=August 31, 2010 |access-date=April 26, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512214609/http://ny.curbed.com/2010/8/31/10505200/katharine-hepburns-turtle-bay-house-for-rent-at-27-5k-month |archive-date=May 12, 2016}}</ref> Three years later Bryn Mawr College, Hepburn's alma mater, launched the Katharine Houghton Hepburn Center. It is dedicated to both the actress and her mother and encourages women to address important issues affecting their gender. The center awards the annual Katharine Hepburn Medal, which "recognizes women whose lives, work and contributions embody the intelligence, drive and independence of the four-time-Oscar-winning actress" and whose award recipients "are chosen on the basis of their commitment and contributions to the Hepburn women's greatest passions—civic engagement and the arts".<ref name="Hepburn center">{{cite web |title=Mission and History |url=http://www.brynmawr.edu/hepburn/mission.shtml |publisher=Katharine Houghton Hepburn Center, Bryn Mawr College |access-date=August 24, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013220355/http://www.brynmawr.edu/hepburn/mission.shtml |archive-date=October 13, 2011}}</ref> [[The Katharine Hepburn Cultural Arts Center]] was opened in 2009 in [[Old Saybrook, Connecticut]], the location of the Hepburn family beach home, which she loved and later owned.{{sfn|Hepburn|1991|p=59|ps=: "Fenwick is, and always has been, my other paradise."}} The building includes a performance space and a Katharine Hepburn Museum that features personal letters, film memorabilia, costumes, and many personal effects.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.katharinehepburntheater.org/blog/about/|title=About|publisher=The Katharine Hepburn Cultural Arts Center|access-date=October 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090905063629/http://www.katharinehepburntheater.org/blog/about|archive-date=September 5, 2009}}</ref>

The [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] library<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3722542.stm |title=Hepburn papers donated to library |work=[[BBC News]] |date=October 7, 2004 |access-date=January 27, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922094054/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3722542.stm |archive-date=September 22, 2013 }}</ref> and the [[New York Public Library]] hold collections of Hepburn's personal papers. Selections from the New York collection, which documents Hepburn's theatrical career, were presented in a five-month exhibition, ''Katharine Hepburn: In Her Own Files'', in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nypl.org/events/exhibitions/katharine-hepburn-her-own-files|publisher=New York Public Library|title=Katharine Hepburn: In Her Own Files|date=2009|access-date=February 15, 2020|archive-date=August 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803065548/https://www.nypl.org/events/exhibitions/katharine-hepburn-her-own-files|url-status=live}}</ref> Other exhibitions have been held to showcase Hepburn's career. ''One Life: Kate, A Centennial Celebration'' was held at the [[National Portrait Gallery (United States)|National Portrait Gallery]] in Washington from November 2007 to September 2008.<ref>{{cite web |title=Visit. One Life: Kate, a Centennial Celebration |url=http://www.npg.si.edu/exhibit/hepburn/visit.html |publisher=National Portrait Gallery |access-date=October 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825232510/http://www.npg.si.edu/exhibit/hepburn/visit.html |archive-date=August 25, 2011 }}</ref> [[Kent State University]] exhibited a selection of her film and theatre costumes from October 2010 to September 2011 in ''Katharine Hepburn: Dressed for Stage and Screen''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Katharine Hepburn Exhibition Debuts|url=http://www.kent.edu/news/announcements/success/hepburnexhibition.cfm|publisher=Kent State University|access-date=October 27, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217024133/http://www.kent.edu/news/announcements/success/hepburnexhibition.cfm|archive-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref> Hepburn has also been honored with her own postal stamp as part of the "Legends of Hollywood" stamp series.<ref>{{cite news|title=Katharine Hepburn Stamp: Actress Honored On Postage Stamp |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20100513/us-hepburn-stamp/ |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |access-date=September 29, 2011 |date=May 13, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100518192230/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20100513/us-hepburn-stamp/ |archive-date=May 18, 2010}}</ref> In 2015, the [[British Film Institute]] held a two-month retrospective of Hepburn's work.<ref>{{cite web|title=March 2015 at BFI Southbank |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-press-release-march-at-bfi-southbank-2015-01-21.pdf |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=September 22, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618223041/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-press-release-march-at-bfi-southbank-2015-01-21.pdf |archive-date=June 18, 2015}}</ref>

=== Characterizations ===
Hepburn is the subject of a one-woman play, ''[[Tea at Five]]'', written by [[Matthew Lombardo]]. The first act features Hepburn in 1938, after being labeled "box office poison", and the second act in 1983, where she reflects on her life and career.<ref name=tea>{{cite news|last=Weber |first=Bruce |title=Theater Review; Two Snapshots of a Hollywood Legend at Home |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/18/theater/theater-review-two-snapshots-of-a-hollywood-legend-at-home.html |access-date=November 28, 2011 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 18, 2003 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022014205/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/18/theater/theater-review-two-snapshots-of-a-hollywood-legend-at-home.html |archive-date=October 22, 2013}}</ref> It premiered in 2002 at the Hartford Stage.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bostonphoenix.com/boston/arts/theater/documents/02164902.htm |title=Tea and Kate |work=[[The Boston Phoenix]] |date=February 21–28, 2002 |access-date=February 11, 2012 |author=Clay, Carolyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120125946/http://www.bostonphoenix.com/boston/arts/theater/documents/02164902.htm |archive-date=November 20, 2012}}</ref> Hepburn has been portrayed in ''Tea at Five'' by [[Kate Mulgrew]],<ref name="tea" /> [[Tovah Feldshuh]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Gans |first=Andrew |title=Feldshuh Is Hepburn in Tour of Lombardo's Tea at Five, Beginning Dec. 19 |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/feldshuh-is-hepburn-in-tour-of-lombardos-tea-at-five-beginning-dec.-19-146254 |work=Playbill |access-date=November 29, 2011 |date=December 19, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071234/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/feldshuh-is-hepburn-in-tour-of-lombardos-tea-at-five-beginning-dec.-19-146254 |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref> [[Stephanie Zimbalist]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Donelan |first=Charles |title=Tea at Five Tells Hepburn Story |url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/dec/02/tea-five-tells-hepburn-story/ |access-date=November 28, 2011 |newspaper=The Santa Barbara Independent |date=December 2, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031212444/http://www.independent.com/news/2009/dec/02/tea-five-tells-hepburn-story/ |archive-date=October 31, 2013}}</ref> and [[Charles Busch]].<ref name="busch">{{cite web | url=http://www.teaatfive.org/TeaAt5/HOME.html | title=Home | publisher=Tea at Five | access-date=January 7, 2012 | url-status=usurped | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217141523/http://www.teaatfive.org/TeaAt5/HOME.html | archive-date=December 17, 2011}}</ref> A revised version of the play, eliminating the first act and expanding the second, premiered on June 28, 2019, at Boston's Huntington Theater with [[Faye Dunaway]] playing Hepburn. Feldshuh also appeared as Hepburn in ''[[The Amazing Howard Hughes]]'', a 1977 television movie, while Mearle Ann Taylor later portrayed her in ''[[The Scarlett O'Hara War]]'' (1980). In [[Martin Scorsese]]'s [[Howard Hughes]] biographical film ''[[The Aviator (2004 film)|The Aviator]]'', Hepburn was portrayed by [[Cate Blanchett]], which earned her the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]]. This marked the [[List of Academy Award records|first instance]] where the portrayal of an Academy Award-winning actress itself won an Academy Award.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cate Blanchett Biography|url=https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800018917/bio|publisher=Yahoo! Movies|access-date=October 13, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725052148/http://movies.yahoo.com/person/cate-blanchett/biography.html|archive-date=July 25, 2013 }}</ref>