Editing Jupiter (section)

===== ''Galileo'' mission =====
{{Main|Galileo (spacecraft)}}
[[File:Galileo Preparations - GPN-2000-000672.jpg|left|thumb|''Galileo'' in preparation for mating with the rocket, 1989]]
The first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter was the ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]'' mission, which reached the planet on December 7, 1995.<ref name="HTUW"/> It remained in orbit for over seven years, conducting multiple flybys of all the Galilean moons and [[Amalthea (moon)|Amalthea]]. The spacecraft also witnessed the impact of [[Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9]] when it collided with Jupiter in 1994. Some of the goals for the mission were thwarted due to a malfunction in ''Galileo''s high-gain antenna.<ref name="galileo">{{cite web |last=McConnell |first=Shannon |date=April 14, 2003 |url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/galileo/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103173530/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/galileo/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 3, 2004 |title=Galileo: Journey to Jupiter |publisher=NASA/JPL |access-date=November 28, 2006}}</ref>

A 340-kilogram titanium [[Galileo (spacecraft)#Galileo entry probe|atmospheric probe]] was released from the spacecraft in July 1995, entering Jupiter's atmosphere on December 7.<ref name="HTUW"/> It parachuted through {{cvt|150|km|0}} of the atmosphere at a speed of about {{cvt|2575|kph}}<ref name="HTUW"/> and collected data for 57.6&nbsp;minutes until the spacecraft was destroyed.<ref>{{cite web |first=Julio |last=Magalhães |date=December 10, 1996 |url=http://spaceprojects.arc.nasa.gov/Space_Projects/galileo_probe/htmls/probe_events.html |title=Galileo Probe Mission Events |publisher=NASA Space Projects Division |access-date=February 2, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070102143553/http://spaceprojects.arc.nasa.gov/Space_Projects/galileo_probe/htmls/probe_events.html |archive-date=January 2, 2007 }}</ref> The ''Galileo'' orbiter itself experienced a more rapid version of the same fate when it was deliberately steered into the planet on September 21, 2003. [[NASA]] destroyed the spacecraft to avoid any possibility of the spacecraft crashing into and possibly contaminating the moon Europa, [[Life on Europa|which may harbour life]].<ref name="galileo"/>

Data from this mission revealed that hydrogen composes up to 90% of Jupiter's atmosphere.<ref name="HTUW"/> The recorded temperature was more than {{Convert|300|C}}, and the wind speed measured more than 644&nbsp;km/h (>400&nbsp;mph) before the probes vaporized.<ref name="HTUW"/>